摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing a ring-shaped or plate-like element, in particular for a metal-sealing material-feedthrough, in particular for devices which are subjected to high pressures, preferably igniters for airbags or belt tensioning devices, whereby a blank, especially in the embodiment of a wire-shaped material is provided and the blank is subjected to processing so that a feedthrough-opening can be incorporated into a ring-shaped or plate-like element created from the blank.
摘要:
Process for the continuous preparation of ethylene copolymers by free-radical copolymerization of ethylene and at least one comonomer (b) selected from among ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, esters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, ethylenically unsaturated phosphonic acids and esters of ethylenically unsaturated phosphonic acids, wherein one or more inhibitors are metered separately from ethylene and the comonomer or comonomers (b) into the reaction mixture.
摘要:
Copolymers comprising as comonomers in copolymerized form:(a) ethylene,(b) one or more compounds of the general formula I (c) if appropriate, one or more alkenylphosphonic diesters,(d) if appropriate, one or more other free-radically copolymerizable comonomers,whose variables are defined as follows:R1 is selected from hydrogen and unbranched and branched C1-C10-alkyl,R2 is selected from hydrogen and unbranched and branched C1-C10-alkyl,R3 is selected from hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl, and unbranched and branched C1-C10-alkyl and unbranched and branched hydroxy-C2-C10-alkyl,as free acid or partially or completely neutralized with alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonia or organic amine.
摘要:
Composite materials comprising at least one natural fiber, at least one thermoplastic polymer, and at least one random copolymer having a molar mass Mn of up to 20,000 g/mol. The random copolymer is produced from the copolymerization of ethylene and at least one comonomer. The comonomer is selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated C3-C10 monocarboxylic acids; ethylenically unsaturated C4-C10 dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides; epoxy esters of ethylenically unsaturated C3-C10 monocarboxylic acids, and (b4) comonomers of the general formula I: wherein R1 and R2 are a hydrogen or an unbranched or branched C1-C10-alkyl; R3 is identical or different and is a hydrogen, unbranched and branched C1-C10-alkyl or C3-C12-cycloalkyl, where two radicals R3 may be bonded together to form a 3-10-membered ring; X is an oxygen, sulfur or N—R4; R4 is an unbranched or branched C1-C10-alkyl; and A1 is a divalent group selected from C1-C10-alkylene, C4-C10-cycyloalkylene, and phenylene.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for maintaining the compatibility of legacy receivers in network termination units of an optical distributing network structure, especially in a passive optical network, when in the distributing network structure advanced receivers with a multiple of the data rate of the legacy receivers shall be operated too, in which signals for the advanced receivers are transmitted on the same wavelength and using the same physical paths as signals for the legacy receivers, in which, while transmitting signals for the advanced receivers at the same time also signals for the legacy receivers are transmitted, and in which the amplitude of the signals for the advanced receivers compared to the amplitude of the signals for the legacy receivers are chosen such that the signals for the advanced receivers do not block the legacy receivers in the receipt of the signals intended for them.
摘要:
The float glass apparatus has a glass melt producing unit including a melting tank and a refining tank for the glass melt, a float tank including a metallic basin and metal bath contained in the basin, conducting devices for conducting the glass melt from the glass melt producing unit to the metal bath and auxiliary devices as needed. In order to minimize bubble defects and extend service life of apparatus parts made from platinum or a platinum alloy, the apparatus includes a device for minimizing direct current flowing between the glass melt producing unit and the float tank, which includes an auxiliary electrode connected with ground and located in the glass melt producing unit in electrical contact with the glass melt and a direct electrical connection between the metallic basin of the float tank and ground.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for monitoring a passive optical network (1), PON, having a tree-like structure with a main line (3) and a plurality of branches (6.1 to 6.3), the method comprising the steps of: transmitting a wake-up signal (11) from an optical line termination (4), OLT, arranged in the main line (3) to a plurality of monitoring units (DPM1 to DPM3) arranged in the branches (6.1 to 6.3), detecting the wake-up signal (11) and listening to information requests from the OLT (4) in the monitoring units (DPM1 to DPM3) during a pre-defined listening time interval after the detection of the wake-up signal (11), transmitting an information request (12) to be received in the listening time interval from the OLT (4) to the monitoring units (DPM1 to DPM3), and receiving the information request (12) in the monitoring units (DPM1 to DPM3) during the listening time interval, one of the monitoring units (DPM2) which is addressed by the information request (12) transmitting a response message (13) back to the OLT (4).
摘要:
In the method of making glass a glass melt is formed from starting materials in a melt apparatus, which includes at least one metal part having a metal surface in contact with the glass melt in a first region of the glass melt having a predetermined oxygen partial pressure. This method includes suppressing oxygen bubble formation in the glass melt at a contacting surface between the metal surface and the glass melt; immersing an electrode in a second region of the glass melt not including the first region, which has a lower oxygen partial pressure than in the first region, and electrically conductively connecting the electrode and the at least one metal part. An apparatus for performing the method is also described as well as glasses made by the method.
摘要:
The invention describes a method for refining molten glass materials, in which refining gas is generated by refining agents in the molten glass, and in which the molten glass is heated to a temperature of between 1650° C. and 2800° C., and the maximum release of refining gas by the refining agents takes place at over 1500° C.
摘要:
Compounds of the formula and the salts thereof with physiologically tolerated acids and the stereoisomers thereof, in which the substituents have the meanings stated in the description, are described. Also disclosed are intermediates for their preparation. The compounds are suitable for controlling diseases.