公开(公告)号：US07301238B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-27

申请号：US10897222

申请日：2004-07-22

Applicant: Gregory C. Smith

Inventor： Gregory C. Smith

IPC: H01L23/48 ,  H01L23/52 ,  H01L29/40

CPC classification number: H01L23/5226 ,  H01L21/76804 ,  H01L23/485 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y10S438/97 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: The contact opening through an insulating layer is formed having a straight sidewall portion and a bowl shaped sidewall portion. The bowl shaped sidewall portion is near the top of the insulation layer to provide an enlarged diameter of the contact opening at the top relative to the bottom. A conductive material is then formed in the contact opening in electrical contact with a lower conductive layer. The conductive material forms a plug having an enlarged head, such as a nail head or a flat heat screw shape. The enlarged head protects the silicon and a barrier layer, if present, within the contact from being etched by any subsequent anisotropic etches. Thus, when an electrical interconnection layer such as aluminum is formed overlying the contact plug, the plug acts as an etch stop to prevent etching of a barrier layer of the barrier layer within the contact opening.

Abstract translation: 通过绝缘层的接触开口形成为具有直的侧壁部分和碗形的侧壁部分。 碗状侧壁部分靠近绝缘层的顶部，以在顶部相对于底部提供接触开口的扩大直径。 然后在接触开口中形成与下导电层电接触的导电材料。 导电材料形成具有扩大的头部的塞子，例如钉头或平的热螺丝形状。 扩大的头部保护硅和阻挡层（如果存在）在接触件内被任何随后的各向异性蚀刻腐蚀。 因此，当诸如铝的电互连层形成在接触插塞上方时，插塞充当蚀刻停止件，以防止在接触开口内蚀刻阻挡层的阻挡层。

公开(公告)号：US07292066B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-06

申请号：US11115538

申请日：2005-04-27

Applicant: Roberto Alini ,  Sergio Stefano Rovati ,  Eric Vandenbossche ,  Christopher Paskins

Inventor： Roberto Alini ,  Sergio Stefano Rovati ,  Eric Vandenbossche ,  Christopher Paskins

IPC: H03K19/082

CPC classification number: G11C17/16

Abstract: A one-time programmable circuit uses forced BJT hFE degradation to permanently store digital information as a logic zero or logic one state. The forced degradation is accomplished by applying a voltage or current to the BJT for a specific time to the reversed biased base-emitter junction, allowing a significant degradation of the junction without destroying it.

Abstract translation: 一次性可编程电路使用强制BJT低电平劣化将数字信息永久存储为逻辑0或逻辑1状态。 强制退化是通过向BJT施加一个特定时间的电压或电流到反向偏置的基极 - 发射极接点来实现的，从而允许接合处的显着劣化而不破坏它。

公开(公告)号：US07290200B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-30

申请号：US10194660

申请日：2002-07-12

Applicant: Hakan Ozdemir

Inventor： Hakan Ozdemir

IPC: H03M13/03

CPC classification number: G11B20/10064 ,  G11B20/10009 ,  H03M13/3961 ,  H03M13/4107 ,  H03M13/6343 ,  H03M13/6502

Abstract: An E2PR4 Viterbi detector includes a recovery circuit and receives a signal that represents a sequence of values, the sequence having a potential state. The recovery circuit recovers the sequence from the signal by identifying a surviving path to the potential state and, after identifying the surviving path, adding a modified branch metric to the path metric of the surviving path to generate an updated path metric for the potential state. Updating the path metric of the surviving path after the surviving path is selected allows the E2PR4 Viterbi detector to be smaller and/or faster than an E2PR4 Viterbi detector that updates the path metric before selecting the surviving path.

Abstract translation: PR2维特比检测器包括恢复电路并且接收表示值序列的信号，该序列具有潜在状态。 恢复电路通过识别到潜在状态的幸存路径来恢复序列，并且在识别存活路径之后，将修改的分支度量添加到幸存路径的路径度量以生成用于潜在状态的更新的路径度量。 在存活路径被选择后更新幸存路径的路径度量允许E 2 SUPER PR4维特比检测器比第2个PR4维特比检测器更小和/或更快， 在选择幸存路径之前更新路径度量。

公开(公告)号：US20070249341A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-25

申请号：US11738638

申请日：2007-04-23

Applicant: Liwen Chu ,  Wendong Hu ,  George Vlantis

Inventor： Liwen Chu ,  Wendong Hu ,  George Vlantis

IPC: H04Q7/20

CPC classification number: H04W16/02 ,  H04W16/14 ,  H04W84/20

Abstract: A method for creating and maintaining semi-dynamic frequency hopping communities. Each community is a set of neighboring cells, such as wireless regional area networks (WRANs) according to IEEE 802.22, that follow a protocol defining coordinated frequency hopping operations, e.g., hopping is performed by community members according to a leader-defined hopping pattern rather than to channels selected in the prior operation period. Each community has one leader base station and one or more community member base stations. The leader determines membership, calculates hopping patterns for all members, and distributes the hopping information to the community members. Members provide their neighborhood and channel availability information, e.g., information about their sensing results and channel usage of neighboring WRANs. In exemplary communities, the community members are one-hop neighbors, each community member is configured to perform sensing concurrently with data transmissions, and the number of available channels is greater than the number of members.

Abstract translation: 一种创建和维护半动态跳频社区的方法。 每个社区是一组相邻的小区，例如根据IEEE 802.22的无线区域网络（WRAN），其遵循定义协调跳频操作的协议，例如，根据领导者定义的跳频模式，由社区成员进行跳频 而不是在以前的操作期间选择的通道。 每个社区都有一个领导基地和一个或多个社区成员基站。 领导者决定会员资格，计算所有成员的跳跃模式，并将跳跃信息分发给社区成员。 成员提供他们的邻居和频道可用性信息，例如关于它们的感测结果和相邻WRAN的频道使用的信息。 在示范社区中，社区成员是一跳邻居，每个社区成员配置为与数据传输并发执行感知，可用信道的数量大于成员数量。

公开(公告)号：US20070236268A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-11

申请号：US11733081

申请日：2007-04-09

Applicant: David McClure

Inventor： David McClure

IPC: H03K5/13

CPC classification number: H03K17/22

Abstract: A threshold personalization circuit for a reset or supervisor chip includes personalization fuses, which shift a resistor divider to provide a variety of selectable voltage thresholds. The personalization fuses may provide hundreds of millivolts of adjustment. The threshold personalization circuit further includes trim fuses to fine tune the threshold to within a few millivolts of the target threshold voltage. The threshold personalization circuit includes a test mode to cycle through to a particular personalization trim, such that at prelaser testing the personalized value is found (the fuse blow for personalization is emulated) and then the trim fuse amount can be based on the actual final personalized voltage. This results in very accurate threshold voltages for all personalized values.

Abstract translation: 用于复位或管理芯片的阈值个性化电路包括个性化熔丝，其移动电阻分压器以提供各种可选择的电压阈值。 个性化保险丝可能提供数百​​毫伏的调整。 阈值个性化电路还包括修整保险丝以将阈值微调至目标阈值电压的几毫伏之内。 阈值个性化电路包括循环到特定个性化修整的测试模式，使得在预激光测试处找到个性化值（模拟个人化的保险丝熔断），然后修整熔丝量可以基于实际的最终个性化 电压。 这导致所有个性化值的非常精确的阈值电压。

公开(公告)号：US07276948B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-02

申请号：US11012712

申请日：2004-12-15

Applicant: Robert Mikyska

Inventor： Robert Mikyska

IPC: H03K3/02

CPC classification number: H03K17/223 ,  H03K2217/0018

Abstract: A reset circuit includes a power supply supplying a power supply voltage, and a band-gap reference that generates a voltage reference signal. A resistor start-up circuit is responsive to the voltage reference signal, and further responsive to an increase in the power supply voltage. The resistor start-up circuit generates a first current when the power supply voltage increases to a first predetermined voltage, and further generates a second current when the power supply voltage increases to a second predetermined voltage. When the second current generated by the resistor start-up circuit is supplied to a resistor divider, the resistor diver delivers an output voltage that is a predetermined portion of the power supply voltage. A comparator compares the voltage reference signal with the resistor divider output voltage, and generates a reset signal when the resistor divider output voltage equals the voltage reference signal.

Abstract translation: 复位电路包括提供电源电压的电源和产生电压参考信号的带隙基准。 电阻启动电路响应于电压参考信号，并且进一步响应于电源电压的增加。 当电源电压增加到第一预定电压时，电阻启动电路产生第一电流，并且当电源电压增加到第二预定电压时，还产生第二电流。 当由电阻器启动电路产生的第二电流被提供给电阻分压器时，电阻器潜水器输出作为电源电压的预定部分的输出电压。 比较器将电压参考信号与电阻分压器输出电压进行比较，当电阻分压器输出电压等于电压参考信号时，产生复位信号。

公开(公告)号：US20070222778A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-27

申请号：US11390115

申请日：2006-03-27

Applicant: Frank Bryant

Inventor： Frank Bryant

IPC: G09G5/00

CPC classification number: G09G5/10 ,  G09G2320/0626 ,  G09G2320/066 ,  G09G2320/0666 ,  G09G2360/144

Abstract: An apparatus includes a display panel capable of displaying content. The apparatus also includes a light sensor having an integrated circuit and a photo-sensitive device. The photo-sensitive device is capable of measuring an amount of ambient light. The integrated circuit is capable of performing one or more functions associated with the display of the content on the display panel. The apparatus further includes a controller capable of adjusting one or more characteristics of the display panel based on the amount of ambient light measured by the light sensor. The integrated circuit and the photo-sensitive device may be formed on one side of a semiconductor wafer, and the photo-sensitive device may be exposed to the ambient light through an opening in an opposing side of the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract translation: 一种装置包括能够显示内容的显示面板。 该装置还包括具有集成电路和感光装置的光传感器。 感光装置能够测量环境光的量。 集成电路能够执行与显示面板上的内容的显示相关联的一个或多个功能。 该装置还包括能够基于由光传感器测量的环境光量来调整显示面板的一个或多个特性的控制器。 集成电路和感光器件可以形成在半导体晶片的一侧，并且光敏器件可以通过半导体晶片的相对侧中的开口暴露于环境光。

公开(公告)号：US20070175994A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-02

申请号：US11733528

申请日：2007-04-10

Applicant: Serge Fruhauf

Inventor： Serge Fruhauf

IPC: G06K7/00 ,  G06K7/08

CPC classification number: G06K19/07739 ,  G06K19/077 ,  G06K19/07733 ,  G06K19/07769

Abstract: An apparatus for a Universal Serial Bus (USB) and wireless smart card is provided. The apparatus includes a mode detection circuit, a switching block, a controller, an antenna, and a wired interface. Furthermore, an apparatus for a triple-mode smart card is also provided herein. The apparatus for the triple mode smart card includes a mode detection circuit, a switching block, a controller, an antenna, and a wired interface. The apparatus for the triple mode smart card operates in one of a wireless mode, a USB mode and an International Standards Organization 7816 mode or other wired mode. Furthermore, the apparatus for any of these smart cards could operate in both the wireless and wired mode(s) without conflict, and without switching power off and on to change configuration.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于通用串行总线（USB）和无线智能卡的装置。 该装置包括模式检测电路，切换块，控制器，天线和有线接口。 此外，本文还提供了一种用于三模式智能卡的装置。 用于三重模式智能卡的装置包括模式检测电路，切换块，控制器，天线和有线接口。 用于三模式智能卡的装置以无线模式，USB模式和国际标准组织7816模式或其他有线模式中的一种操作。 此外，用于任何这些智能卡的装置可以在无冲突的情​​况下以无线和有线模式工作，并且不断开和断电以改变配置。

公开(公告)号：US07237719B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-03

申请号：US10653765

申请日：2003-09-03

Applicant: Serge F. Fruhauf

Inventor： Serge F. Fruhauf

IPC: G06K7/08

CPC classification number: G06K19/07739 ,  G06K19/077 ,  G06K19/07733 ,  G06K19/07769

Abstract: An apparatus for a Universal Serial Bus (USB) and wireless smart card is provided. The apparatus includes a mode detection circuit, a switching block, a controller, an antenna, and a wired interface. Furthermore, an apparatus for a triple-mode smart card is also provided herein. The apparatus for the triple mode smart card includes a mode detection circuit, a switching block, a controller, an antenna, and a wired interface. The apparatus for the triple mode smart card operates in one of a wireless mode, a USB mode and an International Standards Organization 7816 mode or other wired mode. Furthermore, the apparatus for any of these smart cards could operate in both the wireless and wired mode(s) without conflict, and without switching power off and on to change configuration.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于通用串行总线（USB）和无线智能卡的装置。 该装置包括模式检测电路，切换块，控制器，天线和有线接口。 此外，本文还提供了一种用于三模式智能卡的装置。 用于三重模式智能卡的装置包括模式检测电路，切换块，控制器，天线和有线接口。 用于三模式智能卡的装置以无线模式，USB模式和国际标准组织7816模式或其他有线模式中的一种操作。 此外，用于任何这些智能卡的装置可以在无冲突的情​​况下以无线和有线模式工作，并且不断开和断电以改变配置。

公开(公告)号：US20070146056A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-28

申请号：US11474669

申请日：2006-06-26

Applicant: David McClure ,  Sooping Saw

Inventor： David McClure ,  Sooping Saw

IPC: G05F1/10 ,  G05F3/02 ,  H01L31/058

CPC classification number: G01K3/005 ,  G01K7/015

Abstract: An integrated circuit temperature sensor includes a sensing circuit operable to determine whether the integrated circuit is currently exposed to one of a relatively low temperature or a relatively high temperature. A selection circuit operates to select a measured voltage across the base-emitter of a bipolar transistor of the integrated circuit if the sensing circuit indicates that the integrated circuit is currently exposed to the relatively low temperature or, alternatively, select a measured delta voltage across the base-emitter of the bipolar transistor of the integrated circuit if the sensing circuit indicates that the integrated circuit is currently exposed to the relatively high temperature. A comparator then compares the selected measured voltage across the base-emitter of the bipolar transistor against a first reference voltage indicative of a too cold temperature condition or compares the selected measured delta voltage across the base-emitter of the bipolar transistor against a second reference voltage indicative of a too hot temperature condition. As a result of the comparison, detection may be made as to whether the integrated circuit is currently exposed to one of either a too cold or too hot temperature.

Abstract translation: 集成电路温度传感器包括感测电路，其可操作以确定集成电路当前是否暴露于较低温度或较高温度之一。 如果感测电路指示集成电路当前暴露于相对较低的温度，则选择电路用于选择集成电路的双极晶体管的基极 - 发射极两端的测量电压，或者替代地，选择跨越 如果感测电路指示集成电路当前暴露于相对较高的温度，则集成电路的双极晶体管的基极 - 发射极。 比较器然后将双极晶体管的基极 - 发射极两端的选定测量电压与指示过冷温度条件的第一参考电压进行比较，或将双极晶体管的基极 - 发射极两端的选定测量的增量电压与第二参考电压 表示太热的温度条件。 作为比较的结果，可以检测集成电路当前是否暴露于太冷或过热的温度之一。