Abstract:
A method of fabricating a semiconductor device is provided. First, a first electrode is formed over a first region of a substrate. Then, a dielectric layer covering the first electrode is formed over the substrate. After that, a plurality of openings is formed on the first region of the substrate. Thereafter, a conductive layer covering the dielectric layer and the openings is formed over the substrate. Then, the conductive layer in the bottom of the openings is removed to form second electrodes. After that, the dielectric layer between the second electrode and the first electrode is removed.
Abstract:
An access point that implements operating modes in which beacons may be selectively disabled. Beacons may be disabled when no device is actively associated through the access point. Beacons may be enabled in response to one or more triggers, which may include events such as a client forming an association through the access point following a probe request message identifying the access point. In addition, active beaconing may be triggered by user input or may occur during periodic brief intervals that allow client devices to discover the network identifier for the access point. Selective control of beaconing may lead to more effective wireless communication, particularly in areas where users congregate with computers implementing soft APs for personal networks.
Abstract:
A microelectromechanical system microphone is provided. The microelectromechanical system microphone includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a first dielectric layer. The first electrode is disposed on a substrate and has a first flexible portion. The second electrode is disposed between the first electrode. A material of the second electrode includes polysilicon or polycide. The first dielectric layer is at least partially disposed between the first and second electrodes so as to suspend the first flexible portion.
Abstract:
Discovery of services between devices is provided prior to establishing a connection between devices, including wireless-enabled devices or devices that are communicatively coupled to wireless access points. Discovering services prior to establishing a connection may facilitate finding a desired service. The services that may be discovered may be, for example, print services, camera services, PDA services or any other suitable services. Services may be discovered using 802.11, UWB or any other suitable wireless technology. As one example, particular services may be requested. As another example, services that are provided by a device may be advertised.
Abstract:
A gate driver circuit for eliminating power-off residual image form a display device is provided. The gate driver circuit comprises a first capacitor, a diode, a second capacitor and a regulator circuit. The first capacitor filters out high frequency surge and high frequency noise of an input voltage. The diode receives the input voltage and charges up the second capacitor by forwarding charges to the second capacitor. The diode also provides an input voltage to the regulator circuit. Finally, the voltage level transformer of the regulator circuit transmits an output voltage to the logic circuit of the display device.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for producing carboxylic acid anhydrides, in which a carboxylic acid ester, derived from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, and carbon monoxide containing a small amount of hydrogen are used as raw materials and subjected to a carbonylation reaction in a liquid reaction medium in the presence of a Group VIII B catalyst to produce a carboxylic acid anhydride. The reaction medium comprises the Group VIII B catalyst, an organic halide, the carboxylic acid ester, an alkali metal salt, at least one organic promoter, the carboxylic acid anhydride and the carboxylic acid, wherein the organic promoter is selected from at least one of the following structural forms (I), (II) and (III). According to the process of the present invention, the reaction rate of the carbonylation reaction is increased by the use of the specified organic promoters.
Abstract:
The fluid-confining apparatus includes at least a substrate holder, at least a confining fluid supplying tube, at least a confining fluid recovering tube, at least a process fluid supplying tube, and at least a process fluid recovering tube. The process fluid supplying tube supplies at least a process fluid, and makes the process fluid contact with at least a treatment region of a wafer. The confining fluid supplying tube continuity supplies at least a confining fluid. The confining fluid does not dissolve the process fluid. The flowing confining fluid can contact with at least a non-treatment region of the wafer, and confines the process fluid into a predetermined space.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of supplying the polishing liquid by periodically interrupt the supply of the polishing liquid, thus avoid over-supply or wastage of the polishing liquid. Hence, the consumption of the polishing liquid can be decreased and the production cost can be lower.
Abstract:
A wireless access point in a wireless network that may be adapted to transmit location data indicating its location to other devices within range, including other wireless access points and client devices. In some embodiments of the invention, the location data may be embedded in a control message or announcement transmission transmitted by the wireless access point, or other message conventionally used to broadcast network characteristics necessary for a client device to establish a connection to the wireless access point. In terms of the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) layered model of a network, layer 2 control messages, including beacons, probe responses, or other suitable transmissions may be used for control messages or announcement transmissions. The other wireless access points and client devices may receive the location data broadcast by the wireless access point without establishing a connection to the client device. Devices receiving the location data may use the received location data to determine their own locations, and may provide the determined locations to consumers of location data.
Abstract:
The normal roles of wireless stations and wireless access points in initiating the establishment of wireless connections may be reversed without the need for changes in the network interfaces for either the station or access point device. This capability may be used to allow wireless devices acting as access points, but on which service clients operate, to initiate the establishment of a connection with a station, on which a wireless service provider operates. Discovery of services between wireless devices can be provided prior to establishing a connection between the devices. A service client device providing access point functionality may broadcast an invitation for service advertisements and then receive service advertisements from relevant service providers acting as wireless stations. An information element may be included as part of periodically broadcast administrative messages to wirelessly convey an invitation for service advertisements. In response to a service advertisement, the access point may send to the wireless station an invitation to connect, prompting the wireless station to begin to establish a connection according to a wireless communication protocol.