公开(公告)号：US06584111B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-24

申请号：US09185635

申请日：1998-11-04

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno

IPC: H04L1228

CPC classification number: H04L49/3081 ,  H04L12/5602 ,  H04L49/20 ,  H04L49/30 ,  H04L49/50 ,  H04L2012/5635 ,  H04L2012/5681

Abstract: A flow control system and methodology controls and avoids congestion in an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) network. The congestion state of a network switch is determined based on incoming Available Bit Rate (ABR) traffic, Constant Bit Rate (CBR) traffic, and Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic. High-frequency fluctuations due to VBR traffic are filtered out of the CBR/VBR traffic to determine the underlying trend of network traffic. A filtering mechanism is based on wavelet transforms. The switch congestion state is determined based on the current ABR traffic, the filtered CBR/VBR traffic, and the current status of buffers in the switch. The congestion state can then be used to adjust the ABR rate according to a feedback scheme such as Explicit Forward Congestion Indication (EFCI).

Abstract translation: 流控制系统和方法控制并避免异步传输模式（ATM）网络中的拥塞。 基于传入的可用比特率（ABR）流量，恒定比特率（CBR）流量和可变比特率（VBR）流量来确定网络交换机的拥塞状态。 由于VBR流量引起的高频波动被从CBR / VBR流量中滤除，以确定网络流量的潜在趋势。 滤波机制是基于小波变换的。 交换机拥塞状态根据当前ABR流量，CBR / VBR流量的过滤和交换机缓冲区的当前状态确定。 然后可以使用拥塞状态根据诸如显式前向拥塞指示（EFCI）的反馈方案来调整ABR速率。

公开(公告)号：US08755308B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-17

申请号：US13362319

申请日：2012-01-31

Applicant: Michel Ouellette ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske ,  Michael George Mayer

Inventor： Michel Ouellette ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske ,  Michael George Mayer

IPC: H04L12/28

CPC classification number: H04L41/12 ,  H04J3/0679

Abstract: In response to a network topology change, a clock root node calculates a new clock path for each affected node by building a clock source topology tree, and identifying from that tree a path to the network node from a clock source of higher or equal stratum relative to that network node. The root node then sends a network message to each node indicating the new path that the node should use. Each node receives the message and compares the new path with the existing path. If the paths are different then the node acquires the new path just received in the message. If the paths are the same then the node does nothing and discards the message.

Abstract translation: 响应于网络拓扑变化，时钟根节点通过构建时钟源拓扑树来计算每个受影响节点的新时钟路径，并且从该树中识别来自较高或相等层次的时钟源的网络节点的路径 到该网络节点。 根节点然后向每个节点发送一个网络消息，指示该节点应该使用的新路径。 每个节点接收消息，并将新路径与现有路径进行比较。 如果路径不同，则节点获取刚刚在消息中接收到的新路径。 如果路径相同，则节点不执行任何操作并丢弃该消息。

公开(公告)号：US20140068315A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-06

申请号：US13603977

申请日：2012-09-05

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Nayef AlSindi

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Nayef AlSindi

IPC: G06F1/04

CPC classification number: G06F1/04 ,  G06F1/14 ,  H04J3/0667 ,  H04L43/087

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and devices for clock offset and skew estimation. The invention has particular application in the alignment of slave clocks to a master clock. In embodiments of the invention, the slave clock employs an independent free running clock and a recursive estimation technique to estimate the clock offset and clock skew between the slave and master clocks. The slave can then use the offset and skew to correct the free running clock to reflect an accurate image of the master clock.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于时钟偏移和偏斜估计的方法和装置。 本发明特别适用于从时钟到主时钟的对准。 在本发明的实施例中，从时钟采用独立的自由运行时钟和递归估计技术来估计从时钟和主时钟之间的时钟偏移和时钟偏移。 然后，从机可以使用偏移和偏移来校正自由运行的时钟，以反映主时钟的准确图像。

公开(公告)号：US08473638B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-25

申请号：US12114252

申请日：2008-05-02

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Luis Orozco Barbosa

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Luis Orozco Barbosa

IPC: G06F1/12 ,  G06F1/04

CPC classification number: H04L67/02 ,  H03L7/08 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/18 ,  H04J3/0667

Abstract: A timing system for time synchronization between a time server and a time client over a packet network. The timing system includes a time server for generating current timestamp information and a time client having a phase-locked loop driven client clock counter. The time client periodically exchanges time transfer protocol messages with the time server over the packet network, and calculates an estimated client time based on the timestamp information. The phase-locked loop in the time client receives periodic signals representing the estimated server time as its input and calculates a signal which represents the error difference between the estimated server time and the time indicated by the time client clock counter. The error difference eventually converges to zero or a given error range indicating the time presented by the client clock counter, which is driven by the phase-locked loop having locked onto the time of the time server.

Abstract translation: 时间服务器和分组网络上的时间客户端之间的时间同步的定时系统。 定时系统包括用于产生当前时间戳信息的时间服务器和具有锁相环驱动的客户时钟计数器的时间客户端。 时间客户端通过分组网络周期性地与时间服务器交换时间传送协议消息，并且基于时间戳信息来计算估计的客户端时间。 时间客户端中的锁相环接收表示估计服务器时间的周期信号作为其输入，并计算表示估计服务器时间与时间客户时钟计数器指示的时间之间的误差的信号。 误差差最终收敛到零或给定的误差范围，指示由锁定在时间服务器的时间上的锁相环驱动的客户时钟计数器所呈现的时间。

公开(公告)号：US08125930B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-28

申请号：US11609966

申请日：2006-12-13

Applicant: Michel Ouellette ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske

Inventor： Michel Ouellette ,  James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske

IPC: H04L12/28

CPC classification number: H04L41/12 ,  H04J3/0679

Abstract: Algorithms and data structure are described for constructing and maintaining a clock distribution tree (“CDT”) for timing loop avoidance. The CDT algorithms and data structure allows a node to make an automated and unattended path switch to the most desirable clock source in the network. In response to a network topology change, a clock root node distributes new clock paths to all nodes in the network. In particular, the root node calculates a new clock path for each affected node by building a clock source topology tree, and identifying from that tree a path to the network node from a clock source of higher or equal stratum relative to that network node. The root node then sends a network message to each node indicating the new path that the node should use. Each node receives the message and compares the new path with the existing path. If the paths are different then the node acquires the new path just received in the message. If the paths are the same then the node does nothing and discards the message.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于构建和维护用于定时回路的时钟分布树（“CDT”）的算法和数据结构。 CDT算法和数据结构允许节点将自动和无人值守的路径切换到网络中最理想的时钟源。 响应于网络拓扑变化，时钟根节点将新的时钟路径分配给网络中的所有节点。 特别地，根节点通过构建时钟源拓扑树来计算每个受影响节点的新时钟路径，并且从该树中识别来自相对于该网络节点的较高或相等层的时钟源到网络节点的路径。 根节点然后向每个节点发送一个网络消息，指示节点应该使用的新路径。 每个节点接收消息，并将新路径与现有路径进行比较。 如果路径不同，则节点获取刚刚在消息中接收到的新路径。 如果路径相同，则节点不执行任何操作并丢弃该消息。

公开(公告)号：US07995621B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-09

申请号：US12347314

申请日：2008-12-31

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette

IPC: H04J3/06

CPC classification number: H04J3/065 ,  H04J3/0682 ,  H04J3/0697 ,  H04L67/06 ,  H04W56/0055

Abstract: Techniques for time transfer via signal encoding are disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a method for time transfer via signal encoding comprising generating a time service ordered-set for inclusion in a physical coding sublayer frame of a physical layer device, generating time service data for inclusion in the physical coding sublayer frame of the physical layer device, and transmitting the physical coding sublayer frame.

Abstract translation: 公开了通过信号编码进行时间传递的技术。 在一个特定的示例性实施例中，这些技术可以被实现为用于经由信号编码的时间传送的方法，包括生成用于包括在物理层设备的物理编码子层帧中的时间服务有序集，生成包括在 物理层设备的物理编码子层帧，并发送物理编码子层帧。

公开(公告)号：US07860205B1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-28

申请号：US11279410

申请日：2006-04-12

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Kent Felske

IPC: H03D3/24

CPC classification number: H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/0992 ,  H03L7/0994 ,  H03L7/18 ,  H04J3/0632 ,  H04J3/0664 ,  H04N21/242 ,  H04N21/4305 ,  H04N21/64322 ,  H04N21/8547

Abstract: A timestamp-based clock synchronization technique is employed for CES in packet networks. The technique is based on a double exponential filtering technique and a linear process model. The linear process model is used to describe the behavior of clock synchronization errors between a transmitter and a receiver. The technique is particularly suitable for clock synchronization in networks where the transmitter and receiver are not driven from a common timing reference but the receiver requires timing reference traceable to the transmitter clock.

Abstract translation: 基于时间戳的时钟同步技术用于分组网络中的CES。 该技术基于双指数滤波技术和线性过程模型。 线性过程模型用于描述发射机和接收机之间的时钟同步误差的行为。 该技术特别适用于发射机和接收机不从公共定时参考驱动的网络中的时钟同步，但是接收机需要可追溯到发射机时钟的定时参考。

公开(公告)号：US07835366B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-16

申请号：US11362697

申请日：2006-02-27

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Montuno ,  Kent Felske

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Delfin Montuno ,  Kent Felske

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04J3/06

CPC classification number: H04J3/065 ,  H04J3/0667

Abstract: The invention includes a technique for clock recovery in a network having master and slave clocks in respective Time Division Multiplexing (“TDM”) network segments which are interconnected by a non-TDM segment. Master clock timestamps are sent to the slave. The slave measures a master clock timestamp inter-arrival interval, and sends slave clock timestamps to the master. The master measures a slave clock timestamp inter-arrival interval, and sends that slave clock timestamp inter-arrival interval to the slave. The slave then calculates an error signal based at least in-part on the difference between the master clock timestamp inter-arrival interval and the slave clock timestamp inter-arrival interval, and employs the difference to recover the first service clock in the second TDM segment.

Abstract translation: 本发明包括一种用于在通过非TDM分段互连的相应时分复用（“TDM”）网段中的主时钟和从时钟的网络中的时钟恢复技术。 主时钟时间戳被发送到从机。 从站测量主时钟时间戳到达间隔时间，并向主机发送从时钟时间戳。 主机测量从时钟时间戳到达间隔时间，并将从属时钟时间戳到到达间隔发送到从机。 然后，从设备至少部分地基于主时钟间隔到达间隔和从时钟时间戳到达间隔之间的差异来计算误差信号，并且采用差异来恢复第二TDM段中的第一服务时钟 。

公开(公告)号：US07643595B2

公开(公告)日：2010-01-05

申请号：US11172335

申请日：2005-06-30

Applicant: James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

Inventor： James Aweya ,  Delfin Y. Montuno ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

IPC: H04L7/00 ,  H04D3/04

CPC classification number: H03L7/0805 ,  H03D13/002 ,  H03L7/085 ,  H03L7/093 ,  H03L7/0992 ,  H03L7/10 ,  H03L2207/50 ,  H04J3/0658 ,  H04J3/0664

Abstract: Network elements may be synchronized over an asynchronous network by implementing a master clock as an all digital PLL that includes a Digitally Controlled Frequency Selector (DCFS), the output frequency of which may be directly controlled through the input of a control word. The PLL causes the control word input to the master DCFS to be adjusted to cause the output of the master DCFS to lock onto a reference frequency. Information associated with the control word is transmitted from the master clock to the slave clocks which are also implemented as DCFSs. By using the transmitted information to recreate the master control word, the slaves may be made to assume the same state as the master DCFS without requiring the slaves to be implemented as PLLs. The DCFS may be formed as a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) or as a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS).

Abstract translation: 网络元件可以通过将主时钟实现为包括数字控制频率选择器（DCFS）的全数字PLL的主时钟同步，其输出频率可以通过控制字的输入直接控制。 PLL会导致对主DCFS的输入控制字进行调整，使主DCFS的输出锁定在参考频率上。 与控制字相关的信息从主时钟发送到也被实现为DCFS的从时钟。 通过使用所发送的信息来重建主控制字，可以使从属设备呈现与主DCFS相同的状态，而不需要将从机实现为PLL。 DCFS可以形成为数字控制振荡器（DCO）或直接数字合成器（DDS）。

公开(公告)号：US07528776B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-05

申请号：US11689660

申请日：2007-03-22

Applicant: Delfin Y. Montuno ,  James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

Inventor： Delfin Y. Montuno ,  James Aweya ,  Michel Ouellette ,  Kent Felske

IPC: G01S3/02

CPC classification number: G01S5/06

Abstract: A novel beacon-based position location technique for efficient location discovery of untethered clients in packet networks is disclosed. The position location technique utilizes the time-difference-of-arrival (“TDOA”) of a first signal transmitted by a beacon of known location and a second signal transmitted by an untethered client. The TDOA of these two signals is measured locally by at least three non-collinear signal receivers. For each of the receivers, the TDOA is used to calculate a perceived distance to the client. A circle is then calculated for each receiver, centered on the receiver and having a radius equal to the perceived distance. At least two lines defined by points of intersection of the calculated circles are then calculated. The point of intersection of the lines represents the location of the client. To facilitate operation, the signal receivers may be arranged on vertices which define a convex polygon as viewed from above. The location system requires no time (time-of-day) synchronization of the signal receivers, and only the coarse frequency synchronization, on the order of, tens of parts-per-million (ppm). The technique even works for the case where the signal receivers are run asynchronously, provided the frequency accuracies of the signal receivers are on the order of about 50 ppm or better. The technique introduces no communication overhead for the beacon, client and signal receivers. Further, the computation overhead at the signal receivers is relatively low because the location detection algorithm involves only simple algebraic operations over scalar values.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种新颖的基于信标的位置定位技术，用于在分组网络中无阻塞客户端的有效位置发现。 位置定位技术利用由已知位置的信标发送的第一信号的到达时间差（“TDOA”）和由无阻塞客户端发送的第二信号。 这两个信号的TDOA由至少三个非共线信号接收器本地测量。 对于每个接收机，TDOA用于计算到客户端的感知距离。 然后，以接收机为中心并且具有等于感知距离的半径的每个接收机计算一个圆。 然后计算由计算圆的交点定义的至少两条线。 线的交点表示客户端的位置。 为了便于操作，信号接收器可以被布置在从上方观察的限定凸多边形的顶点上。 定位系统不需要信号接收机的时间（时间）同步，只需要几十分之一百万分之几的粗略频率同步（ppm）。 该技术甚至适用于信号接收机异步运行的情况，只要信号接收机的频率精度在约50 ppm或更高的数量级。 该技术不引入信标，客户端和信号接收机的通信开销。 此外，信号接收机的计算开销相对较低，因为位置检测算法仅涉及标量值的简单代数运算。