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公开(公告)号：US4216516A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-05
申请号：US955036
申请日：1978-10-26
申请人： Edward K. Howell
发明人： Edward K. Howell
摘要： In the absence of a ground fault, a triac completes an AC energization circuit for a relay whose contacts then close to provide load circuit continuity. Gate drive for the first triac is obtained from a secondary winding of a transformer whose primary is driven by an oscillator for the purpose of producing a differential transformer unbalancing current signal in the event of a desensitizing ground fault on the load circuit neutral conductor. When the differential transformer senses a ground fault, the oscillator is disabled, and the resulting loss of gate drive renders the triac non-conductive to drop out the relay.
摘要翻译： 在没有接地故障的情况下，三端双向可控硅开关可以为继电器完成一个交流通电电路，该继电器的触点靠近以提供负载电路的连续性。 用于第一个三端双向可控硅开关元件的栅极驱动是从变压器的次级绕组获得的，其主要由振荡器驱动，以便在负载电路中性导体上的脱敏接地故障的情况下产生差动变压器不平衡电流信号。 当差分变压器感测到接地故障时，振荡器被禁止，并且由此导致的栅极驱动损耗使三端双向可控硅开关不导通以将继电器退出。
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公开(公告)号：US4961100A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-02
申请号：US208448
申请日：1988-06-20
IPC分类号： H01L29/06 , H01L29/73 , H01L29/78 , H03K17/06 , H03K17/687
CPC分类号： H01L29/7813 , H01L29/7302 , H01L29/7827 , H03K17/06 , H03K17/687 , H01L29/0696
摘要： An insulated field effect semiconductor device having source and drain regions extending to opposed surfaces of its semiconductor body is bidirectional and capable of blocking voltages in either of two opposing polarities and comprises a four terminal device having source and drain electrodes disposed on the opposed surfaces and a base electrode all ohmically connected to corresponding portions of the semiconductor body. An insulated gate is provided in a trench which extends into the semiconductor body for controlling the conductivity of a channel region extending within the base region between the source and drain regions. The device is free of source-to-base and drain-to-base short circuits. Control circuits enable this device to conduct or block both polarities of a high current AC voltage applied across its source and drain terminals while preventing undesired avalanche breakdown within the device.
摘要翻译： 具有延伸到其半导体本体的相对表面的源极和漏极区域的绝缘场效应半导体器件是双向的并且能够阻挡两个相对极性中的任一个的电压，并且包括具有设置在相对表面上的源极和漏极的四端子器件，以及 基极全部欧姆连接到半导体本体的相应部分。 绝缘栅极设置在沟槽中，沟槽延伸到半导体本体中，用于控制在源区和漏区之间的基极区内延伸的沟道区的导电性。 该器件没有源到基极和漏极到基极的短路。 控制电路使得该器件能够导通或阻断施加在其源极和漏极端子上的高电流AC电压的极性，同时防止器件内的不期望的雪崩击穿。
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公开(公告)号：US4717798A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-05
申请号：US20430
申请日：1987-03-02
申请人： Edward K. Howell
发明人： Edward K. Howell
摘要： A solid state switch connected across a pair of separable contacts for eliminating arcing across the contacts allows the contacts and the contact driver to be enclosed within an evacuated envelope. The vacuum environment allows the use of an inexpensive, highly conductive contact material, such as copper, without fear of chemical reaction.
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公开(公告)号：US4705923A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-10
申请号：US21365
申请日：1987-03-02
申请人： Edward K. Howell
发明人： Edward K. Howell
摘要： A solid state switch connected across a pair of separable contacts for eliminating arcing across the contacts allows the contacts and the contact driver to be enclosed within an evacuated envelope. The vacuum environment allows the use of an inexpensive, highly conductive contact material, such as copper, without fear of chemical reaction.
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公开(公告)号：US4687950A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US839400
申请日：1986-03-14
申请人： Edward K. Howell
发明人： Edward K. Howell
IPC分类号： H02M1/06 , H03K17/0814 , H03K17/723 , H03K17/732 , H03K17/72
CPC分类号： H03K17/732 , H03K17/08144 , H03K17/723
摘要： A commutating circuit in combination with a snubber circuit are employed to switch a thyristor from a conducting state to a non-conducting state. The snubber circuit is connected across the cathode and anode of the thyristor to absorb system energy when the thyristor is switched. The commutating circuit is coupled in series with the cathode of the thyristor by means of a current transformer for increasing the cathode resistance, causing the cathode current to immediately transfer to the gate.
摘要翻译： 采用与缓冲电路组合的整流电路将晶闸管从导通状态切换到非导通状态。 缓冲电路在晶闸管的阴极和阳极之间连接，以在晶闸管切换时吸收系统能量。 整流电路通过用于增加阴极电阻的电流互感器与晶闸管的阴极串联耦合，使得阴极电流立即转移到栅极。
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公开(公告)号：US4658227A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-14
申请号：US839671
申请日：1986-03-14
申请人： Edward K. Howell , Henry G. Willard
发明人： Edward K. Howell , Henry G. Willard
CPC分类号： H01H3/222 , H01H50/44 , H01H2050/025
摘要： A magnetic contact driver is arranged to drive a bridging contact out of electrical connection with a pair of fixed contacts to interrupt the current therethrough. The magnetic driver comprises a conductor winding embedded within notches in a plurality of metal laminations and an armature arranged transverse to the metal laminations. An auxiliary contact driver arrangement consisting of a pair of spaced electrical conductors arranged on the opposite side of the bridging contact is simultaneously energized for electrodynamic repulsion at the instant the magnetic driver winding becomes energized.
摘要翻译： 磁接触驱动器被布置成驱动与一对固定触点的电连接的桥接触点以中断通过其中的电流。 磁性驱动器包括嵌入在多个金属叠层中的凹口内的导体绕组和横向于金属叠片布置的电枢。 布置在桥接触点相对侧上的一对隔开的电导体组成的辅助触点驱动器装置在磁驱动器绕组通电时同时通电用于电动力排斥。
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公开(公告)号：US4639933A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-27
申请号：US792239
申请日：1985-10-29
CPC分类号： H04B3/54 , H04B2203/5408 , H04B2203/5454
摘要： Steering logic (10) for interconnecting a transceiver (11) with a baseband bus is disclosed. The transceiver is connected to a broadband bus and transmits or receives modulated carrier wave signals. The transceiver has a data in terminal (16 or 19) and a data out terminal (18 or 35) for inputting or outputting digital signals at baseband. The transceiver also has at least one control terminal (20 or 32 and 38) and is responsive to a control signal or signals for enabling or disabling the transmitting and receiving functions of the transceiver. The steering logic (10) includes a baseband bus terminal (A) to which may be applied baseband digital transmit signals and to which the steering logic may apply digital receive signals. The logic circuitry is responsive to baseband digital transmit signals applied to the baseband bus terminal (A) for generating a control signal or signals to enable the transmitting function and disable the receiving function of the transceiver.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于将收发器（11）与基带总线互连的转向逻辑（10）。 收发器连接到宽带总线并发送或接收调制载波信号。 收发器具有用于在基带处输入或输出数字信号的终端（16或19）中的数据和数据输出端（18或35）。 收发器还具有至少一个控制终端（20或32和38），并且响应于控制信号或信号用于启用或禁用收发器的发送和接收功能。 转向逻辑（10）包括基带总线端子（A），可以向基带总线端子（A）应用基带数字发送信号，并且操纵逻辑可以向其施加数字接收信号。 逻辑电路响应于施加到基带总线端子（A）的基带数字发送信号，用于产生控制信号或信号以使能发送功能并禁用收发信机的接收功能。
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公开(公告)号：US4636907A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-13
申请号：US753832
申请日：1985-07-11
申请人： Edward K. Howell
发明人： Edward K. Howell
CPC分类号： H01H9/542 , H02H3/025 , H01H9/548 , Y10T307/924
摘要： Arcless circuit interruption from metallic contacts is accomplished by the combination of a solid state current interrupter with a control circuit and an impedance circuit. The impedance circuit diverts the contact circuit current through the solid state current interrupter prior to initiating contact separation. The contacts then open without sufficient current transfer to establish an arc.
摘要翻译： 通过固态电流中断器与控制电路和阻抗电路的组合来实现金属触点的无弧电路中断。 在启动接触分离之前，阻抗电路将接触电路电流通过固态电流断流器。 接触器然后打开而没有足够的电流传输以建立电弧。
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公开(公告)号：US4631622A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-23
申请号：US687880
申请日：1984-12-31
申请人： Edward K. Howell
发明人： Edward K. Howell
摘要： Differential current static trip circuits interconnected with upstream and downstream current sensing transformers in a protected system provide automatic coordination of the downstream static trip circuit breakers. The differential current transformer associated with the breakers vectorially sense the difference between the upstream breaker currents and the sum of the downstream breaker currents. The output is processed within the trip circuits for I.sup.2 t and fixed time band delays to insure that the downstream breakers clear the fault.
摘要翻译： 与受保护系统中的上游和下游电流检测变压器互连的差分电流静态跳闸电路提供下游静态跳闸断路器的自动协调。 与断路器相关的差动电流互感器可以矢量地感测上游断路器电流与下游断路器电流之和的差异。 输出在跳闸电路内处理，用于I2t和固定时间带延迟，以确保下游断路器清除故障。
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公开(公告)号：US4631621A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-23
申请号：US754032
申请日：1985-07-11
申请人： Edward K. Howell
发明人： Edward K. Howell
CPC分类号： H01H9/542 , H01H2009/543 , H01H2009/546
摘要： A gate turn-off thyristor is connected across a pair of separable contacts for diverting the interrupted current first to the thyristor and then to a metal oxide varistor connected across the thyristor. A saturable core current transformer in combination with the capacitance provided by the metal oxide varistor turns on the thyristor when the contacts separate and turns off the thyristor after the contacts have further separated when the core becomes saturated.
摘要翻译： 栅极截止晶闸管连接在一对可分离的触点上，用于将中断的电流首先转移到晶闸管，然后连接到跨越晶闸管的金属氧化物变阻器。 可饱和磁芯电流互感器与金属氧化物变阻器提供的电容相结合，当触点分离并在芯饱和时触点进一步分离后关断晶闸管，导通晶闸管。
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