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    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors
    41.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for measuring parameters of a fluid flowing within a pipe using a configurable array of sensors 有权
    用于使用可配置的传感器阵列测量在管内流动的流体的参数的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07882750B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-02-08

    申请号：US11890322

    申请日：2007-08-06

    申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G01F1/20

    CPC分类号： G01F1/7082

    摘要： An apparatus for measuring at least one parameter associated with a fluid flowing within a pipe includes a single sheet of piezoelectric film material wrapped around at least a portion of the pipe and an array of sensors disposed at different locations on the film material. Each of the sensors provides a signal indicative of pressure within the pipe at a corresponding axial and/or circumferential location of the pipe. The sensors are selectively configurable to provide the pressure signals. The signals are processed to determine the parameter. The array of sensors is configurable in response to different criteria. The criteria includes at least one of the parameter of the fluid to be output, an input signal specifying sensors to be selected, a predetermined configuration based on the parameter to be determined, and in response to a previously determined parameter of the fluid.

    摘要翻译： 用于测量与在管道内流动的流体相关联的至少一个参数的装置包括缠绕在管的至少一部分上的单片压电膜材料和设置在膜材料上的不同位置的传感器阵列。 每个传感器提供在管道的相应轴向和/或周向位置处指示管内的压力的信号。 传感器可选择性地配置以提供压力信号。 处理信号以确定参数。 传感器阵列可根据不同的标准进行配置。 标准包括要输出的流体的参数，要选择的传感器的输入信号，基于要确定的参数的预定配置以及响应于先前确定的流体参数的至少一个。

    Pressure-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor
    42.
    发明授权
    Pressure-isolated bragg grating temperature sensor 有权
    压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06813013B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-11-02

    申请号：US10193876

    申请日：2002-07-12

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Richard T. Jones ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Richard T. Jones ,  Christopher J. Wright ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： G01N2100

    CPC分类号： G01K11/3206 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01K5/52

    摘要： A pressure-isolated Bragg grating temperature sensor includes an optical element, which includes an optical fiber having at least one Bragg grating disposed therein. The Bragg grating is encased within and fused to at least a portion of an inner glass capillary tube, or comprises a large diameter waveguide grating having a core and a wide cladding and having the grating disposed therein, encased within an outer tube to form a chamber. An extended portion of the sensing element that has the grating therein extends inwardly into the chamber, which allows the grating to sense temperature changes but isolates the grating from external pressure. More than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber or optical core may be used. At least a portion of the sensing element may be doped between a pair of gratings to form a temperature tuned laser, or the grating or gratings may be configured as a tunable DFB laser disposed in the sensing element.

    摘要翻译： 压力隔离布拉格光栅温度传感器包括光学元件，其包括其中布置有至少一个布拉格光栅的光纤。 布拉格光栅被封装在内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中并且熔合到内玻璃毛细管的至少一部分中，或包括具有芯和宽包层并且具有设置在其中的光栅的大直径波导光栅，该光栅包围在外管内以形成室 。 其中具有光栅的感测元件的延伸部分向内延伸到腔室中，这允许光栅感测温度变化，但是将光栅与外部压力隔离。 可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤或光纤。 感测元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅之间以形成温度调节的激光器，或者光栅或光栅可被配置为设置在感测元件中的可调DFB激光器。

    Method for annealing an optical waveguide having a bragg grating to accelerate ageing
    43.
    发明授权
    Method for annealing an optical waveguide having a bragg grating to accelerate ageing 有权
    对具有布拉格光栅的光波导进行退火以加速老化的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06601411B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-08-05

    申请号：US09751672

    申请日：2001-03-26

    申请人： Trevor W. MacDougall ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Mark R. Fernald

    发明人： Trevor W. MacDougall ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Mark R. Fernald

    IPC分类号： C03B3700

    CPC分类号： C03B25/025 ,  C03B37/15

    摘要： The present invention provides a method for annealing an optical waveguide, including an optical fiber or large-diameter waveguide structure, having along some length an induced refractive index difference that decays over time and so causes drift in the wavelength of reflected light when broadband light is inserted into the optical waveguide. The method uses an assumed decay formula for the induced refractive index difference indicating how the induced refractive index difference decays over time, the assumed decay formula having parameters that depend on temperature. The method includes the steps of: determining the (temperature dependent) parameters in the assumed decay formula for both an operating temperature and an annealing temperature, the annealing temperature being higher than the operating temperature, by fitting the observed decay over a measuring time at the two temperatures; and determining an anneal time at the annealing temperature based on a maximum allowed drift at the operating temperature. In operation, an optical waveguide is then annealed at the anneal temperature for the anneal time to provide a heat treatment (annealing) process for stabilizing Bragg gratings inscribed in the optical waveguide.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种退光光波导的方法，该光波导包括光纤或大直径波导结构，沿着某种长度具有随时间衰减的诱导折射率差异，并且因此当宽带光为...时导致反射光的波长漂移 插入光波导中。 该方法使用假定的衰减公式来表示诱导折射率差异随时间的衰减如何，所假定的衰变公式具有取决于温度的参数。 该方法包括以下步骤：通过在所测量的时间内将所观察到的衰减拟合，确定在工作温度和退火温度下的假定衰减公式中的（温度依赖）参数，退火温度高于工作温度 两个温度 以及基于工作温度下的最大允许漂移，在退火温度下确定退火时间。 在操作中，然后在退火温度下将光波导退火退火时间，以提供用于稳定内插在光波导中的布拉格光栅的热处理（退火）工艺。

    Compression-tuned Bragg grating and laser
    45.
    发明授权
    Compression-tuned Bragg grating and laser 有权
    压缩调谐布拉格光栅和激光

    公开(公告)号：US06363089B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-03-26

    申请号：US09691997

    申请日：2000-10-19

    申请人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Paul E. Sanders

    发明人： Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey ,  Matthew B. Miller ,  James M. Sullivan ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Robert N. Brucato ,  Martin A. Putnam ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Paul E. Sanders

    IPC分类号： H01S310

    CPC分类号： G02F1/0115 ,  G02B6/0218 ,  G02B6/022 ,  G02F1/0128 ,  G02F2201/307

    摘要： A compression-tuned bragg grating includes a tunable optical element 20,600 which includes either an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength &lgr;1. The tunable element 20,600 is axially compressed which causes a shift in the reflection wavelength of the grating 12 without buckling the element. The shape of the element may be other geometries (e.g., a “dogbone” shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber 10 or core 612 may be used. At least a portion of the element may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150,152 may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the element 20 may have an inner tapered region 22 or tapered (or fluted) sections 27. The compression may be done by a PZT, stepper motor or other actuator or fluid pressure.

    摘要翻译： 压缩调谐布拉格光栅包括可调谐光学元件20,600，其包括光纤10，其具有印刷在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅12，该光纤10被封装在玻璃毛细管20或大直径波导光栅600的至少一部分中并且熔合到其中， 一个核心和宽广的包层。 光14入射到光栅12上，光16以反射波长lambd1反射。 可调谐元件20,600被轴向压缩，这导致光栅12的反射波长的偏移而不使元件弯曲。 元件的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤10或核612。 元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间，以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可被构造为可调DFB激光器。 此外，元件20可以具有内锥形区域22或锥形（或凹槽）部分27.压缩可以由PZT，步进电动机或其他致动器或流体压力来实现。

    Mineral separation using functionalized filters and membranes
    47.
    发明授权
    Mineral separation using functionalized filters and membranes 有权
    使用功能化过滤器和膜的矿物分离

    公开(公告)号：US09302270B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-04-05

    申请号：US14118984

    申请日：2012-05-25

    申请人： Paul J. Rothman ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Francis K. Didden ,  Douglas H. Adamson

    发明人： Paul J. Rothman ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Francis K. Didden ,  Douglas H. Adamson

    IPC分类号： B03C5/00 ,  B03D1/02 ,  B01D37/02 ,  C02F1/24 ,  B03D1/14 ,  B01D39/00 ,  C22B15/00 ,  B01D15/02 ,  B03D1/016 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B03C5/02

    CPC分类号： B03C5/00 ,  B01D15/02 ,  B01D37/02 ,  B01D39/00 ,  B03B1/04 ,  B03C1/01 ,  B03C5/02 ,  B03D1/016 ,  B03D1/023 ,  B03D1/14 ,  B04C1/00 ,  B07B1/00 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C22B15/0063 ,  Y10T428/2982

    摘要： An apparatus for collecting mineral particles in a slurry or the tailings is disclosed. The apparatus may take the form of a filter, a conveyor belt or an impeller to be used in a processor to collect mineral particles in the slurry, or in a tailings pond to collect mineral particles in the tailings. The filter, conveyor belt or impeller has a collection area made of or coated with a synthetic material having a functional group, either anionic or cationic to attach to the mineral particles. Alternatively, the synthetic material has hydrophobic molecules to render the collection area hydrophobic. When the mineral particles in the slurry or tailings are combined with collector molecules, the mineral particles also become hydrophobic. The hydrophobic mineral particles are attracted to the hydrophobic collection area. The filter, conveyor belt and impeller may have a plurality of passage ways in order to increase the contacting surfaces.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于收集浆料或尾矿中的矿物颗粒的设备。 该设备可以采用过滤器，输送带或叶轮的形式，用于处理器中以收集浆料中的矿物颗粒，或在尾矿池中收集尾矿中的矿物颗粒。 过滤器，输送带或叶轮具有由合成材料制成或涂覆的收集区域，该合成材料具有阴离子或阳离子官能团以附着到矿物颗粒上。 或者，合成材料具有疏水分子以使收集区域疏水。 当浆料或尾矿中的矿物颗粒与收集分子结合时，矿物颗粒也变得疏水。 疏水性矿物颗粒被吸引到疏水收集区域。 过滤器，输送带和叶轮可以具有多个通道以增加接触表面。

    Method and Apparatus for Measuring Parameters of a Fluid Flowing within a Pipe Using a Configurable Array of Sensors
    50.
    发明申请
    Method and Apparatus for Measuring Parameters of a Fluid Flowing within a Pipe Using a Configurable Array of Sensors 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20110203387A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-08-25

    申请号：US12986366

    申请日：2011-01-07

    申请人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    发明人： Michael A. Davis ,  Mark R. Fernald ,  Timothy J. Bailey

    IPC分类号： G01F1/20

    CPC分类号： G01F1/7082

    摘要： An apparatus for measuring at least one parameter associated with a fluid flowing within a pipe includes a single sheet of piezoelectric film material wrapped around at least a portion of the pipe and an array of sensors disposed at different locations on the film material. Each of the sensors provides a signal indicative of pressure within the pipe at a corresponding axial and/or circumferential location of the pipe. The sensors are selectively configurable to provide the pressure signals. The signals are processed to determine the parameter. The array of sensors is configurable in response to different criteria. The criteria includes at least one of the parameter of the fluid to be output, an input signal specifying sensors to be selected, a predetermined configuration based on the parameter to be determined, and in response to a previously determined parameter of the fluid.