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    APPARATUS AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING PHASE TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE OF A SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
    41.
    发明申请
    APPARATUS AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING PHASE TRANSFORMATION TEMPERATURE OF A SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY 有权
    控制形状记忆合金相变温度的装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US20130011806A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-01-10

    申请号：US13177599

    申请日：2011-07-07

    申请人： Xiujie Gao ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Wayne Brown

    发明人： Xiujie Gao ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Wayne Brown

    IPC分类号： F27D19/00

    CPC分类号： F03G7/065

    摘要： A device and method for controlling a phase transformation temperature of a shape memory alloy is provided. The device includes a primary wire composed of the shape memory alloy. The primary wire defines first and second ends, the first end being attached to a fixed structure and the second end being able to displace. An activation source is thermally coupled to the wire and is operable to selectively cause the primary wire to reversibly transform from a Martensitic phase to an Austenitic phase during a cycle. A loading element is operatively connected to the primary wire and configured to selectively increase a tensile load on the primary wire when an ambient temperature is at or above a threshold temperature, thereby increasing the phase transformation temperature of the primary wire.

    摘要翻译： 提供一种用于控制形状记忆合金的相变温度的装置和方法。 该装置包括由形状记忆合金构成的初级线。 主线限定第一端和第二端，第一端附接到固定结构，第二端能够移位。 激活源热耦合到导线，并且可操作地选择性地使主线在一个循环期间从马氏体相可逆地转变成奥氏体相。 负载元件可操作地连接到主线，并且被配置为当环境温度处于或高于阈值温度时选择性地增加主线上的拉伸负载，从而增加初级线的相变温度。

    COOLING SYSTEM
    42.
    发明申请
    COOLING SYSTEM 有权
    冷却系统

    公开(公告)号：US20110121582A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-26

    申请号：US12947857

    申请日：2010-11-17

    申请人： Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Patrick B. Usoro ,  Nilesh D. Mankame ,  Xiujie Gao ,  Geoffrey P. McKnight ,  John A. Cafeo ,  Christopher P. Henry

    发明人： Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Patrick B. Usoro ,  Nilesh D. Mankame ,  Xiujie Gao ,  Geoffrey P. McKnight ,  John A. Cafeo ,  Christopher P. Henry

    IPC分类号： F03G7/06 ,  F28D15/00 ,  H02K7/18

    CPC分类号： F03G7/06

    摘要： A cooling system configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy includes a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference between a heat source having a first temperature and a coolant having a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature. The cooling system includes a cooling circuit configured for conveying the coolant to and from the heat source. The cooling circuit includes a conduit and a pump in fluid communication with the conduit and configured for delivering the coolant to the heat source. The cooling system also includes a heat engine disposed in thermal relationship with the conduit and configured for converting thermal to mechanical energy. The heat engine includes a first element formed from a first shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite at a first transformation temperature in response to the temperature difference between the heat source and coolant.

    摘要翻译： 构造成将热能转换为机械能的冷却系统包括由具有第一温度的热源和具有低于第一温度的第二温度的冷却剂之间的温度差提供的热能源。 冷却系统包括冷却回路，该冷却回路构造成将冷却剂输送到热源。 冷却回路包括导管和与导管流体连通的构造成将冷却剂输送到热源的泵。 冷却系统还包括与导管热关系设置的热引擎，并被配置为将热转换成机械能。 热机包括由第一形状记忆合金形成的第一元件，该第一形状记忆合金在第一相变温度下响应于热源和冷却剂之间的温度差，具有在奥氏体和马氏体之间可变化的结晶相。

    VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING DISCRETE SECTIONS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY
    43.
    发明申请
    VEHICLE ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICE HAVING DISCRETE SECTIONS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY 有权
    具有形状记忆合金分离部分的车辆能量收集装置

    公开(公告)号：US20110120119A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-05-26

    申请号：US12947932

    申请日：2010-11-17

    申请人： Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Patrick B. Usoro ,  Nilesh D. Mankame ,  Xiujie Gao ,  Marten Wittorf

    发明人： Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Patrick B. Usoro ,  Nilesh D. Mankame ,  Xiujie Gao ,  Marten Wittorf

    IPC分类号： F02G1/04

    CPC分类号： F02G5/04 ,  Y02T10/166

    摘要： An energy harvesting system comprises a first region and a second region having a temperature difference therebetween. A heat engine is configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy. The heat engine includes a first discrete element of a shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite in response to the temperature difference between the first region and the second region. The first discrete element of the shape memory alloy expands and contracts in response to the phase change to exert a linear force. A motion conversion mechanism is operatively connected to the first discrete element to be driven by the linear force and a component is driven by the motion conversion mechanism.

    摘要翻译： 能量收集系统包括第一区域和第二区域之间的温差。 热机被配置为将热能转换成机械能。 热机包括响应于第一区域和第二区域之间的温差而具有在奥氏体和马氏体之间可变的结晶相的形状记忆合金的第一离散元件。 形状记忆合金的第一分立元件响应于相变而膨胀和收缩以施加线性力。 运动转换机构可操作地连接到要由线性力驱动的第一分立元件，并且部件由运动转换机构驱动。

    Exhaust system
    49.
    发明授权
    Exhaust system 有权
    排气系统

    公开(公告)号：US08769947B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-07-08

    申请号：US12947927

    申请日：2010-11-17

    申请人： Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Patrick B. Usoro ,  Nilesh D. Mankame ,  Xiujie Gao ,  Geoffrey P. Mc Knight ,  Marten Wittorf ,  John A. Cafeo ,  Christopher P. Henry

    发明人： Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Nancy L. Johnson ,  Patrick B. Usoro ,  Nilesh D. Mankame ,  Xiujie Gao ,  Geoffrey P. Mc Knight ,  Marten Wittorf ,  John A. Cafeo ,  Christopher P. Henry

    IPC分类号： F01B29/10 ,  F02G1/04

    CPC分类号： F03G7/06

    摘要： An exhaust system configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy includes a source of thermal energy provided by a temperature difference between an exhaust gas having a first temperature and a heat sink having a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature. The exhaust system also includes a conduit configured for conveying the exhaust gas, a heat engine disposed in thermal relationship with the conduit and configured for converting thermal energy to mechanical energy, and a member disposed in contact with the conduit and configured for conducting thermal energy from the conduit to the heat engine. The heat engine includes a first element formed from a first shape memory alloy having a crystallographic phase changeable between austenite and martensite at a first transformation temperature in response to the temperature difference between the exhaust gas and the heat sink.

    摘要翻译： 构造成用于将热能转换为机械能的排气系统包括由具有第一温度的排气和具有低于第一温度的第二温度的散热器之间的温度差提供的热能源。 排气系统还包括被配置为输送废气的导管，与导管热关系地设置的热引擎并且被配置为将热能转换成机械能的热引擎，以及与导管接触设置的构件， 热引擎的导管。 热引擎包括由第一形状记忆合金形成的第一元件，该第一形状记忆合金具有响应于废气和散热器之间的温差而在第一相变温度下具有在奥氏体和马氏体之间可变化的结晶相。

    Method for position feedback based control for overload protection
    50.
    发明授权
    Method for position feedback based control for overload protection 有权
    基于位置反馈的过载保护控制方法

    公开(公告)号：US08744603B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-06-03

    申请号：US12814841

    申请日：2010-06-14

    申请人： Xiujie Gao ,  Lei Hao ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Derek L. Patterson ,  Mark A. Voss

    发明人： Xiujie Gao ,  Lei Hao ,  Paul W. Alexander ,  Alan L. Browne ,  Derek L. Patterson ,  Mark A. Voss

    IPC分类号： G05B11/01 ,  G05B9/02 ,  G05D1/10

    CPC分类号： G05B9/02

    摘要： A method for executing mechanical overload protection to prevent commanding a control signal to a linear actuator that may mechanically overload the linear actuator when an overload condition of the linear actuator is detected, the linear actuator utilized for controlling a movable element associated with the linear actuator responsive to the control signal, includes monitoring an overload condition based on position change of the movable element associated with the linear actuator during an integration period and excess energy during the integration period, de-energizing the linear actuator when an overload condition has been detected, monitoring an overload retry counter based on the number of cycles the overload condition is detected, comparing the overload retry counter to an overload retry threshold, an reenergizing the linear actuator when the overload retry counter is less than the overload retry threshold and maintaining de-energizing of the linear actuator when the overload retry counter is at least the overload retry threshold.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于执行机械过载保护的方法，以防止在检测到线性致动器的过载状况时机械地使线性致动器过载的线性致动器的控制信号，用于控制与线性致动器相关联的可移动元件的线性致动器响应 对于控制信号，包括在积分期间基于与线性致动器相关联的可移动元件的位置变化以及在积分期间内的过剩能量来监视过载状态，当已经检测到过载状况时，使线性致动器断电 基于检测到过载条件的循环次数的过载重试计数器，将过载重试计数器与过载重试阈值进行比较，当过载重试计数器小于过载重试阈值时，重新激活线性致动器，并保持断电 线性执行机构过载时 尝试计数器至少是过载重试阈值。