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公开(公告)号：US06368495B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-09
申请号：US09689550
申请日：2000-10-12
IPC分类号： C10G2922
CPC分类号： C10G27/04
摘要： A novel process effective for the removal of organic sulfur compounds from liquid hydrocarbons is disclosed. The process more specifically addresses the removal of thiophenes and thiophene derivatives from a number of petroleum fractions, including gasoline, diesel fuel, and kerosene. In the first step of the process, the liquid hydrocarbon is subjected to oxidation conditions in order to oxidize at least some of the thiophene compounds to sulfones. Then, these sulfones can be catalytically decomposed to hydrocarbons (e.g. hydroxybiphenyl) and volatile sulfur compounds (e.g. sulfur dioxide). The hydrocarbon decomposition products remain in the treated liquid as valuable blending components, while the volatile sulfur compounds are easily separable from the treated liquid using well-known techniques such as flash vaporization or distillation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种有效从液态烃中除去有机硫化合物的新方法。 该方法更具体地涉及从许多石油馏分（包括汽油，柴油燃料和煤油）中除去噻吩和噻吩衍生物。 在该方法的第一步中，液态烃经受氧化条件以使至少一些噻吩化合物氧化成砜。 然后，这些砜可以催化分解成烃类（如羟基联苯）和挥发性硫化合物（如二氧化硫）。 烃分解产物保留在经处理的液体中作为有价值的共混组分，而使用众所周知的技术，例如闪蒸或蒸馏，挥发性硫化合物容易与处理液体分离。
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42.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5888927A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-30
申请号：US889809
申请日：1997-07-08
申请人： Beth McCulloch , Timothy A. Brandvold , Peter K. Nickl , Jennifer S. Holmgren , Joseph J. Alcaraz
发明人： Beth McCulloch , Timothy A. Brandvold , Peter K. Nickl , Jennifer S. Holmgren , Joseph J. Alcaraz
CPC分类号： B01J20/103 , B01D15/3833 , B01J20/28057 , B01J20/2809 , B01J20/286 , B01J20/29 , B01J20/3204 , Y10S502/507 , Y10T428/2991 , Y10T428/2998
摘要： Chiral stationary phases perform well when the underlying support for the chiral organic material is coated onto a silica pore widened by a hydrothermal treatment. The resulting silica is amorphous with a unimodal distribution of large pores. A variety of chiral stationary phases perform well and are distinguished, inter alia, by the treatment, if any, prior to coating the chiral organic material.
摘要翻译： 当将手性有机材料的底层载体涂覆到通过水热处理加宽的二氧化硅孔上时，手性固定相表现良好。 所得的二氧化硅是具有单峰分布的大孔的无定形的。 各种手性固定相表现良好，特别是通过在涂覆手性有机材料之前的处理（如果有的话）来区分。
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43.发明授权Acid functionalized organically-bridged polysilsesquioxanes as catalysts for acid catalyzed reactions 失效酸官能化有机桥连聚倍半硅氧烷作为酸催化反应的催化剂
公开(公告)号：US5475162A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-12
申请号：US277554
申请日：1994-07-19
IPC分类号： C08G77/52 , C07C29/04 , C07C41/06 , C07C45/45 , C07C49/203
CPC分类号： C08G77/52
摘要： A process of effecting an acid catalyzed reaction wherein a reactant capable of undergoing an acid catalyzed reaction is contacted with an acid functionalized organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane catalyst where all of the acid functionality is covalently bonded to the organic portion of an organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane framework has been developed. The acid functionalized organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane is formed by polymerizing a monomer through sol-gel processing to form an organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane, reacting an acid group onto the organic portion of the organically-bridged polysilsesquioxane, and recovering the acid functionalized product. An embodiment of the invention is where the acid catalyzed reaction is the hydration of olefins, alkylation, acylation, isomerization, or aldol condensation/elimination. A specific embodiment of the invention is effecting the aldol condensation/elimination reaction of acetone with itself to form mesityl oxide by contacting the acetone with an effective amount of sulfonated phenylene-bridged polysilsesquioxane.
摘要翻译： 实现酸催化反应的方法，其中能够进行酸催化反应的反应物与酸官能化的有机桥连聚倍半硅氧烷催化剂接触，其中所有的酸官能团共价键合到有机桥连的聚倍半硅氧烷骨架的有机部分， 已经开发 酸官能化有机桥连聚倍半硅氧烷是通过溶胶 - 凝胶加工聚合单体形成有机桥连聚倍半硅氧烷，使酸基与有机桥连聚倍半硅氧烷的有机部分反应，并回收酸官能化产物形成的。 本发明的一个实施方案是酸催化反应是烯烃的水合，烷基化，酰化，异构化或醛醇缩合/消除。 本发明的一个具体实施方案是通过使丙酮与有效量的磺化亚苯基桥连聚倍半硅氧烷接触来实现丙酮与其自身的醛醇缩合/消除反应以形成三甲氧基。
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44.发明授权Processes for washing a spent ion exchange bed and for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil, and apparatuses for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil 有权用于洗涤废离子交换床和处理生物质衍生的热解油的方法，以及用于处理生物质衍生的热解油的装置公开(公告)号：US09192931B2
公开(公告)日：2015-11-24
申请号：US13436648
申请日：2012-03-30
CPC分类号： B01J39/043 , B01J39/05 , B01J39/20 , B01J49/06 , B01J49/53 , B01J49/60 , C10B53/02 , C10G1/002 , C10G3/50 , C10G25/05 , C10G25/12 , Y02E50/14 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Processes and apparatuses for washing a spent ion exchange bed and for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided herein. An exemplary process for washing a spent ion exchange bed employed in purification of biomass-derived pyrolysis oil includes the step of providing a ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream having an original oxygen content. The ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream is partially hydrotreated to reduce the oxygen content thereof, thereby producing a partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream having a residual oxygen content that is less than the original oxygen content. At least a portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream is passed through the spent ion exchange bed. Water is passed through the spent ion exchange bed after passing at least the portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream therethrough.
摘要翻译： 本文提供了用于洗涤废离子交换床和处理生物质衍生的热解油的方法和设备。 用于净化生物质衍生的热解油所用的废离子交换床的示例性方法包括提供具有原始氧含量的离子贫化裂解油流的步骤。 部分加氢处理离子贫化热解油料流以降低其氧含量，由此产生部分加氢处理的裂解油料流，其残余氧含量小于原始氧含量。 部分加氢处理的热解油流中的至少一部分通过废离子交换床。 在通过部分加氢处理的热解油流的至少一部分之后，水通过废离子交换床。
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45.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09163181B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-20
申请号：US13528475
申请日：2012-06-20
CPC分类号： C10G3/42 , C10G3/40 , C10G3/50 , C10G3/52 , C10G45/02 , C10G69/06 , C10G2300/1011 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. In one example, a method comprises the steps of separating a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent into a low-oxygen-pyoil organic phase stream and an aqueous phase stream. Phenolic compounds are removed from the aqueous phase stream to form a phenolic-rich diluent recycle stream. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is diluted and heated with the phenolic-rich diluent recycle stream to form a heated diluted pyoil feed stream. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen to deoxygenate the heated diluted pyoil feed stream.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于脱氧生物质衍生的裂解油的方法和装置的实施方案。 在一个实例中，方法包括以下步骤：将低氧生物质衍生的热解油流出物分离成低氧 - 有机相物流和水相物流。 从水相流中除去酚类化合物以形成富含酚的稀释剂再循环流。 将生物质衍生的热解油流稀释并用富含酚的稀释剂再循环流加热以形成加热的稀释的原料流。 将加热的稀释的原料流与脱氧催化剂在氢存在下接触以对加热的稀释的原料流进行脱氧。
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公开(公告)号：US09080109B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-14
申请号：US13326059
申请日：2011-12-14
申请人： Timothy A. Brandvold
发明人： Timothy A. Brandvold
CPC分类号： C10G3/42 , C10G3/45 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/44 , C10G2300/802 , Y02E50/14 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Methods for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. A method comprising the steps of diluting the biomass-derived pyrolysis oil with a phenolic-containing diluent to form a diluted pyoil-phenolic feed is provided. The diluted pyoil-phenolic feed is contacted with a deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at hydroprocessing conditions effective to form a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于脱氧生物质的热解油的方法。 提供了一种方法，其包括用含酚的稀释剂稀释生物质衍生的热解油以形成稀释的酚 - 酚进料的步骤。 在有效形成低氧生物质衍生的裂解油流出物的加氢处理条件下，将稀释的酚 - 酚进料与脱氧催化剂在氢的存在下接触。
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公开(公告)号：US09068126B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-30
申请号：US13326050
申请日：2011-12-14
CPC分类号： C10G3/42 , C10G3/45 , C10G3/50 , C10G2300/1011 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4081 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/14 , Y02P30/20
摘要： Methods for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. A method for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil comprising the steps of combining a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream with a heated low-oxygen-pyoil diluent recycle stream to form a heated diluted pyoil feed stream is provided. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream has a feed temperature of about 150° C. or greater. The heated diluted pyoil feed stream is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form a low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于脱氧生物质的热解油的方法。 一种用于对生物质衍生的热解油进行脱氧的方法，包括以下步骤：将生物质衍生的热解油流与加热的低氧 - 稀释剂循环物流组合以形成加热的稀释的原料流。 加热的稀释的原料流具有约150℃或更高的进料温度。 在有效形成低氧生物质衍生的裂解油流出物的第一加氢处理条件下，将加热的稀释的原料流与第一脱氧催化剂在氢的存在下接触。
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48.发明授权Methods for producing biomass-derived pyrolysis oils having increased phase stability 有权用于生产具有增加的相稳定性的生物质衍生的热解油的方法公开(公告)号：US08314275B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-20
申请号：US12949077
申请日：2010-11-18
申请人： Timothy A. Brandvold
发明人： Timothy A. Brandvold
摘要： A process for stabilizing pyrolysis oil has been developed. The process involves heating the pyrolysis oil at a temperature of about 40° C. to about 85° C. under a reducing atmosphere for a time to stabilize the oil. The reducing atmosphere or gas is preferably hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 已经开发了用于稳定热解油的方法。 该方法包括在还原气氛下在约40℃至约85℃的温度下加热热解油一段时间以稳定油。 还原性气体或气体优选为氢。
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公开(公告)号：US08314267B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-20
申请号：US12492182
申请日：2009-06-26
申请人： Timothy A. Brandvold
发明人： Timothy A. Brandvold
IPC分类号： C07C51/255
CPC分类号： C07C2/86 , C07C51/265 , C07C15/08 , C07C63/26
摘要： Catalytic processes for the conversion of 2,5-dimethyl furan (DMF) to para-xylene are described. Para-xylene is a key product that is currently obtained commercially from petroleum sources. However, it has now been determined that the cycloaddition of ethylene to DMF provides an alternative route to para-xylene. Advantageously, the DMF starting material for the processes may be synthesized from carbohydrates (e.g., glucose or fructose), thereby providing a pathway that relies at least partly, if not completely, on renewable feedstocks.
摘要翻译： 描述了将2,5-二甲基呋喃（DMF）转化成对二甲苯的催化方法。 对二甲苯是目前从石油来源商业获得的关键产品。 然而，现在已经确定乙烯到DMF的环加成提供了对二甲苯的替代途径。 有利地，用于该方法的DMF起始原料可以由碳水化合物（例如葡萄糖或果糖）合成，从而提供至少部分地（如果不是完全依赖于可再生原料）的途径。
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公开(公告)号：US20120017495A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-26
申请号：US12843625
申请日：2010-07-26
IPC分类号： C10L1/19
摘要： Methods for deoxygenating treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. The treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is exposed to a catalyst having a neutral catalyst support such as a non-alumina metal oxide support, a theta alumina support, or both. The non-alumina metal oxide support may be a titanium oxide (TiO2) support, a silicon oxide support, a zirconia oxide (ZrO2) support, a niobium oxide (Nb2O5) support, or a support having a mixture of non-alumina metal oxides. The catalyst may include a noble metal or a Group VIII non-noble metal and a Group VIB non-noble metal on the neutral catalyst support. The treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is introduced into a hydroprocessing reactor in the presence of the catalyst under hydroprocessing conditions to produce low oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil.
摘要翻译： 提供了处理过的生物质衍生的热解油的脱氧方法。 将经处理的生物质衍生的热解油暴露于具有中性催化剂载体的催化剂，例如非氧化铝金属氧化物载体，θ氧化铝载体或两者。 非氧化铝金属氧化物载体可以是氧化钛（TiO 2）载体，氧化硅载体，氧化锆（ZrO 2）载体，氧化铌（Nb 2 O 5）载体或具有非氧化铝金属氧化物的混合物的载体 。 催化剂可以在中性催化剂载体上包括贵金属或VIII族非贵金属和VIB族非贵金属。 经处理的生物质衍生的热解油在加氢处理条件下在催化剂存在下引入加氢处理反应器，以产生低氧生物质衍生的裂解油。
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