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公开(公告)号：US4470254A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-11
申请号：US378160
申请日：1982-05-14
摘要： The present invention provides two-stage and three-stage fluidized bed process embodiments for burning carbonaceous solids for the generation of heat to produce motive fluids for application in combined cycle power plant systems.The finely-divided refractory solids employed in the fluidized beds may contain sorbent material to neutralize noxious gas constituents and yield a clean flue gas for venting.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供两阶段和三阶段流化床方法实施例，用于燃烧碳质固体以产生热量以产生用于联合循环发电厂系统的运动流体。 在流化床中使用的细碎耐火材料固体可能含有吸附剂材料以中和有害气体成分，并产生用于排气的干净烟道气。
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公开(公告)号：US4302323A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US148077
申请日：1980-05-12
申请人： Nai Y. Chen
发明人： Nai Y. Chen
CPC分类号： C10G69/00 , C10G2300/107
摘要： Hydrotreating and hydrocracking of heavy residual stocks are improved with respect to conversion, product distribution, product quality and system operability by mixing with the heavy charge a substantial proportion of an aromatic light distillate oil (light gas oil) of high nitrogen content.
摘要翻译： 通过与大量重量的高氮含量的芳香族轻馏分油（轻质瓦斯油）混合，可以改善重质残渣的加氢处理和加氢裂化方面的转化率，产品分布，产品质量和系统可操作性。
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公开(公告)号：US4269697A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-26
申请号：US125006
申请日：1980-02-27
申请人： Nai Y. Chen , David S. Shihabi
发明人： Nai Y. Chen , David S. Shihabi
CPC分类号： B01J29/40 , B01J29/405 , C10G11/05 , B01J2229/26 , B01J2229/42
摘要： Conversion of hydrocarbons is conducted over low acidity zeolites such as the sodium form of zeolite ZSM-5 to yield products like those produced by hydrocracking but with substantially decreased proportion of light hydrocarbons having one to four carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon conversion is conducted with mixed phase charge (trickle mode) under hydrogen pressure or with liquid phase charge in a liquid-full reactor. The product of such conversion is admixed with a pour point depressant for storage.
摘要翻译： 碳氢化合物的转化是通过低沸点沸石如沸石ZSM-5的沸石进行的，以产生类似于通过加氢裂化产生的产物，但具有1-4个碳原子的轻质烃的比例实质上降低。 烃转化在氢气压力下或在液体充满反应器中用液相电荷进行混合相电荷（滴流模式）。 将这种转化的产物与倾点下降剂混合以进行储存。
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公开(公告)号：US4101595A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-18
申请号：US793017
申请日：1977-05-02
申请人： Nai Y. Chen , William J. Reagan
发明人： Nai Y. Chen , William J. Reagan
IPC分类号： B01J29/00 , B01J29/44 , C07B61/00 , C07C1/00 , C07C5/13 , C07C5/27 , C07C7/00 , C07C7/13 , C07C15/02 , C07C15/08 , C07C67/00 , C07C5/24 , C07C3/62 , C07C7/01
CPC分类号： C07C15/08 , B01J29/44 , C07C5/2791 , C07C7/005 , Y02P20/52
摘要： Monoalkyl benzene having a side chain of at least two carbon atoms is converted to dialkyl benzene having side chains of shorter length than the charge and containing a proportion of para dialkyl benzene in excess of the thermodynamic equilibrium value by reaction over a dual function catalyst comprising a noble metal from Group VIII of the Periodic Table and a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite of high silica/alumina ratio above 12, a constraint index of 1 to 12, which aluminosilicate is in a state to restrict diffusion of ortho xylene.
摘要翻译： 具有至少两个碳原子的侧链的单烷基苯被转化为具有比电荷短的侧链的二烷基苯，并且通过在包含一种或多种的双官能催化剂的反应中反应，含有一定比例的对二烷基苯超过热力学平衡值 元素周期表第VIII族的贵金属和12以上二氧化硅/氧化铝比高的结晶硅铝酸盐沸石，其约束指数为1〜12，铝硅酸盐处于限制邻二甲苯扩散的状态。
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公开(公告)号：US4933283A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US120681
申请日：1987-11-12
申请人： Nai Y. Chen , Leonard R. Koenig
发明人： Nai Y. Chen , Leonard R. Koenig
CPC分类号： C12N1/22 , C07C1/00 , C07C1/20 , C07C2529/40 , C07C2529/65 , C07C2529/70
摘要： Cellulosic materials are converted to hydrocarbons by hydrolyzing cellulosic materials to produce a mixture of fermentable sugars and unfermentable furfural, fermenting the mixture to obtain a fermented mixture containing fermented product and unfermented furfural and contacting the fermented mixture with a highly siliceous crystalline zeolite catalyst under conditions of temperature and pressure to convert the fermented mixture to a hydrocarbon-containing product. Preferably, an oxygenated organic compound such as methanol, ethanol or dimethylether is mixed with the fermented mixture prior to contact with the catalyst.
摘要翻译： 通过水解纤维素材料以产生可发酵糖和不可发酵糠醛的混合物将纤维素材料转化为烃，发酵混合物以获得含有发酵产物和未发酵糠醛的发酵混合物，并将发酵混合物与高度硅质结晶沸石催化剂在 温度和压力将发酵的混合物转化为含烃产品。 优选地，在与催化剂接触之前，将含氧有机化合物如甲醇，乙醇或二甲醚与发酵混合物混合。
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公开(公告)号：US4919788A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-24
申请号：US260857
申请日：1988-10-21
CPC分类号： C10G67/04 , C10G45/64 , C10G65/043
摘要： A process for producing lubricant oils of low pour point and high viscosity index by first carrying out a partial dewaxing of a lubricant base stock in an initial catalytic dewaxing operation, followed by a selective dewaxing step. The initial catalytic dewaxing step is carried out using a large pore, high silica zeolite dewaxing catalyst such as high silica Y or zeolite beta which dewaxes by isomerizing the waxy components of the base stock to less waxy brance chain isoparaffins but the severity of the operation is controlled so as to effect only a partial removal of the waxy components. Further removal of the waxy components is effected during the subsequent dewaxing step which is selective for the removal of the more waxy n-paraffin components, leaving the branched chain isoparaffins which contribute to a high VI in the product. The selective dewaxing step may be either a solvent, e.g. MEK dewaxing operation or a catalytic dewaxing using a highly shape selective zeolite such as ZSM-22 or ZSM-23. The severity of the initial catalytic dewaxing operation may be controlled so as to effect a net increase in the content of isoparaffins and because of the selective nature of the solvent dewaxing step, this increased isoparaffins concentration may be retained, producing a product of high VI. The pour point of the feedstock is preferably reduced during the initial catalytic dewaxing step to a value which is no lower than 10.degree. F. and preferably no lower than 20.degree. F., above the target pour point for the products. Generally, this will entail a reduction of at least 10.degree. F. and preferably at least 20.degree. F. in the pour point of the feed.
摘要翻译： 首先在初始催化脱蜡操作中进行润滑剂原料的部分脱蜡，然后进行选择性脱蜡步骤，生产低倾点和高粘度指数的润滑油的方法。 初始催化脱蜡步骤使用大孔，高二氧化硅沸石脱蜡催化剂如高二氧化硅Y或沸石β进行，该脱蜡通过使基础油料的蜡质组分异构化成较少的蜡状分支链异链烷烃，但操作的严重性是 被控制以仅影响蜡组分的部分去除。 在随后的脱蜡步骤中进一步除去蜡状组分，该脱蜡步骤选择性地除去更多的蜡状正链烷烃组分，留下有助于产物中高VI的支链异链烷烃。 选择性脱蜡步骤可以是溶剂，例如 MEK脱蜡操作或使用ZSM-22或ZSM-23等高选择性沸石的催化脱蜡。 可以控制初始催化脱蜡操作的严重性，以便实现异链烷烃含量的净增加，并且由于溶剂脱蜡步骤的选择性，可以保留这种增加的异链烷烃浓度，从而产生高VI的产物。 原料的倾点优选在初始催化脱蜡步骤期间降低至不低于产物的目标倾点的10°F，优选不低于20°F的值。 通常，这将导致在进料的倾点下降至少10°F，优选至少降低20°F。
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47.发明授权Integrated hydroprocessing scheme for production of premium quality distillates and lubricants 失效一体化加氢处理方案，用于生产优质馏出物和润滑油
公开(公告)号：US4764266A
公开(公告)日：1988-08-16
申请号：US19983
申请日：1987-02-26
摘要： An integrated refining scheme for hydroprocessing high boiling fractions such as gas oil and catalytically cracked cycle oils to produce premium quality distillates, especially jet fuels and naphthas suitable for reforming into high octane gasoline. In addition, unconverted, high boiling fractions suitable for processing by conventional refining techniques into high quality, low pour point lube base stocks are obtained. The integrated hydroprocessing comprises a first stage hydrocracking step employing an aromatic selective hydrocracking catalyst based on a large pore size acidic component such as amorphous alumina or silica alumina or a large pore size zeolite such as zeolite X or zeolite Y. The hydrocracking may be operated either in a naphtha directing mode under conditions of moderate to high severity or under conditions of low to moderate severity to produce a relatively higher proportion of product boiling in the middle distillate range. The unconverted fraction from the hydrocracking step is passed to a second step in which it is hydroprocessed over a zeolite beta catalyst with additional hydrogenation-dehydrogenation functionality. In this stage, the paraffins remaining in the feed are attacked by the zeolite beta to form isoparaffins and conditions may be controlled to favor hydroisomerization over hydrocracking so as to increase the yield of middle distillate product, especially of high isoparaffinic jet fuels and diesel fuel.
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公开(公告)号：US4604261A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US626519
申请日：1984-06-29
申请人： Nai Y. Chen , Thomas F. Degnan
发明人： Nai Y. Chen , Thomas F. Degnan
CPC分类号： B01J8/0438 , B01J8/0415 , B01J8/0469 , B01J8/048 , C10G45/58 , C10G49/002
摘要： A hydroprocessing trickle reactor construction which will facilitate the catalytic dewaxing of liquid petroleum or lube feedstocks in a highly efficient and economical manner, particularly through the use of reactors employing stationary bed of a defined, shape-selective crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst, preferably ZSM-5. Pursuant to one embodiment of the hydroprocessing reactor, the latter is essentially constituted of a trickle bed reactor wherein a plurality of vertically tiered and staggered trays support the beds of catalyst material, such as the crystalline zeolite, and through which the liquid petroleum feedstock trickles downwardly from the upper end of the reactor, while hydrogen is concurrently injected into the catalyst on each of the trays. This causes the hydrogen to percolate through the catalyst bed and to contact and efficiently strip the downwardly trickling stream of liquid petroleum feedstock of low boiling conversion products or waxy components, such as naphtha. Pursuant to a second embodiment of the hydroprocessing catalystic reactor construction, inclined supporting stationary beds of catalyst are vertically tiered with the liquid petroleum stock trickling down through the reactor so as to enter the upper portion of the bed contained in each tray, flowing along the inclined tray surface thereof forming a liquid seal along the bottom surface of each tray and forcing hydrogen introduced into each tray to flow upwardly through the catalyst bed and react with the liquid petroleum feedstock. The liquid is directed to trickle downwardly to a lower catalyst bed through the interposition of suitable baffles, whereas hydrogen gas inclusive of low boiling, volatile conversion products stripped from the liquid petroleum in the catalyst beds flows upwardly through passages beneath the baffles into a central vertical conduit in the reactor, from when they are conducted by being entrained in an upwardly-flowing carrier gas out of the upper end of the reactor.
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49.发明授权Hydrotreating/isomerization process to produce low pour point distillate fuels and lubricating oil stocks 失效加氢处理/异构化工艺生产低倾点馏出燃料和润滑油库存
公开(公告)号：US4518485A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-21
申请号：US557696
申请日：1983-12-02
摘要： A process for dewaxing a hydrocarbon feedstock with a relatively high pour point and containing paraffins selected from the group of normal paraffins and slightly branched paraffins and sulfur and nitrogen compounds which comprises subjecting said oil to hydrotreating in a hydrotreating zone operated at hydrotreating conditions sufficient to remove at least a portion of said sulfur and nitrogen compounds and subjecting said hydrotreated oil to catalytic dewaxing by contacting said oil with a catalyst comprising zeolite beta having a silica/alumina ratio of at least 30:1 and a hydrogenation/dehydrogenation component under isomerization conditions.
摘要翻译： 一种使具有较高倾点的烃原料脱蜡并含有选自正构烷烃和轻支化链烷烃和硫和氮化合物的链烷烃的方法，其包括使所述油在加氢处理区中加氢处理，所述加氢处理区在加氢处理条件下操作，所述加氢处理条件足以除去 所述硫和氮化合物的至少一部分，并使所述加氢处理的油通过使所述油与二氧化硅/氧化铝比为至少30:1的沸石β和在异构化条件下的氢化/脱氢组分接触的催化剂进行催化脱蜡。
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公开(公告)号：US4501926A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-26
申请号：US533017
申请日：1983-09-16
摘要： Hydrocarbon feedstocks such as distillate fuel oils and gas oils are dewaxed by isomerizing the waxy components over a zeolite beta catalyst. The process may be carried out in the presence or absence of added hydrogen. Preferred catalysts have a zeolite silica:alumina ratio over 100:1.
摘要翻译： 诸如馏出燃料油和瓦斯油之类的烃原料通过在沸石β催化剂上使蜡状组分异构化来脱蜡。 该方法可以在存在或不加入氢气的情况下进行。 优选的催化剂具有100:1以上的沸石二氧化硅：氧化铝比。
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