Abstract:
A process and reactor for chemical conversion is taught. The process allows the selective breaking of chemical bonds in a molecule by use of fast rise alternating current or fast rise pulsed direct current, each fast rise portion being selected to have a suitable voltage and frequency to break a selected chemical bond in a molecule. The reactor for carrying out such a process includes a chamber for containing the molecule and a generator for generating and applying the selected fast rise current.
Abstract:
An ozone generator includes a dielectric medium with a single continuous wire electrode forming an active corona element being operatively mounted relative to the dielectric medium. A counter-electrode forms a conducting medium in intimate contact with the dielectric medium. Ozone is produced by applying a high frequency, sinusoidal high voltage circuit that is operatively connected to the single continuous wire and the counter-electrode and supplying a voltage thereto.
Abstract:
A pocket-size ozone generator for in-situ sterilization of water is disclosed. The pocket-size ozone generator comprises a power source, at least a supercapacitor, a switching circuit and at least a pair of electrodes. The power source is adapted for providing a reaction energy to generate ozone gas within the water to be treated. The supercapacitor is adapted for amplifying the reaction energy provided by the power source. The circuitry is adapted for controlling the supercapacitor to deliver consistent power supply to generate ozone. The electrodes are adapted for receiving the amplified reaction energy from the supercapacitor to generate ozone within the water to be treated.
Abstract:
A process and reactor for chemical conversion is taught. The process allows the selective breaking of chemical bonds in a molecule by use of fast rise alternating current or fast rise pulsed direct current, each fast rise portion being selected to have a suitable voltage and frequency to break a selected chemical bond in a molecule. The reactor for carrying out such a process includes a chamber for containing the molecule and a generator for generating and applying the selected fast rise current.
Abstract:
A process and reactor for chemical conversion is taught. The process allows the selective breaking of chemical bonds in a molecule by use of fast rise alternating current or fast rise pulsed direct current, each fast rise portion being selected to have a suitable voltage and frequency to break a selected chemical bond in a molecule. The reactor for carrying out such a process includes a chamber for containing the molecule and a generator for generating and applying the selected fast rise current.
Abstract:
An ozone generating structure is comprised of an electric circuit board, a high voltage durable silicone rubber electric conductor and a conducting tube. The conducting tube is formed by winding a stainless steel wire which is hardly to be oxidated; and has a central passage, both ends thereof are fixed on the circuit board to connect with a first connecting line. The electric conductor has a free end extended through the central passage of the conducting tube, and has an electric conducting end welded to the circuit board to connected with a seconded connecting line. When the first and seconded connecting lines are given with a high voltage below the regulated value for the electric conductor, the surface insulation layer of the electric conductor acts as a medium between an inner wire thereof and the conducting tube and forms superficially a space having electric halation. The air in the space having the electric halation discharges under a high voltage, and ozone is generated.
Abstract:
An ozone generator having a first electrode, a second electrode and leads for coupling a high-tension voltage between the two electrodes, the first electrode being operable to produce a corona discharge in its vicinity when the high-tension voltage is applied across the electrodes to form ozone from oxygen when present in the vicinity of the first electrode. The first electrode can be a straight wire arranged on a tile-shaped ceramic element. The second electrode can be formed by a metallic coating on the opposite side of the ceramic element and may be coated with a resin coating such as silicone rubber.
Abstract:
A system for producing ozone at a high efficiency from oxygen or air is described. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system comprises at least two parallel electrodes made of metallic surfaces and separated by dielectric insulating material, wherein air or oxygen is passed through the gap between the electrodes with an electric field of at least 4 kV/mm AC, being characterized by: (a) a ratio of the electrodes-surface area to gas volume of at least 2 cm.sup.2.min/l, said electrode being selected from a horizontal, vertical and plate type tube, and (b) the electric field in the said gap is formed by the difference in potentials between the electrodes and the dielectric insulating material. According to a preferred embodiment the dielectric insulating material has a breakdown voltage of at least 12 kV/mm. Among the main advantages of the system is the small size of the generator and the relatively small amount of energy required per unit of ozone produced.
Abstract:
A water treatment apparatus is provided in which the ozone generation and the water treatment may take place simultaneously. The ozone is generated from a continuous supply of air and/or oxygen at the surface of a running water by means of a high voltage electrode placed in the air or in oxygen at some distance above the water surface. The strong electric field between the high voltage electrode and the surface of the electrically grounded water stream generates a multitude of small Taylor cones at the surface of the water. Each Taylor cone goes into corona and in the process it generates the ozone. As the ozone is generated at the water surface, a substantial amount of ozone is immediately dissolved in water and the ozone that diffuses in the air continues to be in contact with the water surface. The undissolved ozone may be percolated through the same water for an additional primary or secondary ozonation.
Abstract:
An activated species-generating apparatus using a gaseous phase discharge used as an ozonizer and the like is provided. Wire electrodes 21a, 21b, which are obtained by coating surfaces of electrically conductive wires with a dielectric, are entangled and the resulting crowded electrodes 20a, 20b are combined to form a three-dimensional discharge range.