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公开(公告)号：US20230251030A1
公开(公告)日：2023-08-10
申请号：US18014284
申请日：2021-05-27
CPC分类号： F25J1/001 , F25J1/004 , F25J1/0037 , F25J1/0045 , F25J1/0208 , F25J1/0257 , F25J2245/90 , F25J2270/06 , F25J2290/60 , F25J2290/62
摘要： Certain embodiments of the invention relate to a facility for refrigerating hydrogen to cryogenic temperatures, and in particular for liquefying hydrogen, comprising a circuit for hydrogen to be refrigerated comprising an upstream end to be connected to a hydrogen source, and a downstream end connected to a refrigerated hydrogen collection member, the refrigeration facility comprising a set of one or more heat exchangers in thermal exchange with the circuit of hydrogen to be refrigerated, the facility comprising a device for refrigerating by heat exchange with the set of one or more heat exchangers, the refrigerating device comprising a refrigerator with a refrigeration cycle of a cycle gas such as hydrogen, at least one portion of the hydrogen circuit, of the set of one or more exchangers and of the refrigerating device being housed in a vacuum-insulated cold box, the facility comprising in the cold box, at least one ejector the suction inlet of which is connected to the gas phase of a fluid capacity and the motor fluid intake inlet of which is connected to at least one among: the pressurized cycle gas of the refrigerator, the hydrogen of the hydrogen circuit refrigerated in the set of one or more heat exchangers.
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公开(公告)号：US20230213272A1
公开(公告)日：2023-07-06
申请号：US17896953
申请日：2022-08-26
IPC分类号： F25J1/00
CPC分类号： F25J1/001
摘要： A hydrogen feed stream is introduced into a primary refrigeration system of a precooling system and cooling the hydrogen stream to a first precooling temperature. From there, the precooled hydrogen stream is then introduced to a secondary refrigeration system of the precooling system and cooling the precooled hydrogen stream to a second temperature. Next, the cooled hydrogen stream is then liquefied in the liquefaction system to produce liquid hydrogen.
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公开(公告)号：US20230175773A1
公开(公告)日：2023-06-08
申请号：US17542682
申请日：2021-12-06
CPC分类号： F25J1/0052 , F25J1/001 , F25J1/0072 , F25J1/0015 , F25J1/0214 , F25J2270/16
摘要： Hydrogen is liquefied through a process utilizing refrigeration from hydrogen at one, two, or three different pressures as well as a nitrogen refrigeration cycle. One or more stages of catalyst are used to convert ortho-hydrogen to para-hydrogen as the hydrogen is cooled and liquefied. Subcooled liquid hydrogen feeds the final stage of ortho-hydrogen to para-hydrogen conversion to reduce or eliminate vaporization of the hydrogen during the exothermic ortho-hydrogen to para-hydrogen conversion.
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公开(公告)号：US20160282042A1
公开(公告)日：2016-09-29
申请号：US15078585
申请日：2016-03-23
申请人： Colin NIKIFORUK
发明人： Colin NIKIFORUK
CPC分类号： F25J1/0022 , F25B9/02 , F25B15/04 , F25B25/02 , F25J1/0007 , F25J1/001 , F25J1/0012 , F25J1/0015 , F25J1/0017 , F25J1/002 , F25J1/0027 , F25J1/004 , F25J1/0221 , F25J1/0225 , F25J1/0227 , F25J1/0236 , F25J1/0242 , F25J2205/84 , F25J2210/62 , F25J2220/68 , F25J2230/04 , F25J2230/30 , F25J2270/906 , Y02A30/277 , Y02B30/62
摘要： A method for liquefaction of industrial gases or gas mixtures (hydrocarbon and/or non-hydrocarbon) uses a modified aqua-ammonia absorption refrigeration system (ARP) that is used to chill the gas or gas mixture during the liquefaction process. The gas may be compressed to above its critical point, and the heat of compression energy may be recovered to provide some or all of the thermal energy required to drive the ARP. The method utilizes a Joule Thomson (JT) adiabatic expansion process which results in no requirement for specialty cryogenic rotating equipment. The aqua-ammonia absorption refrigeration system includes a vapour absorber tower (VAT) which permits the recovery of some or all of the heat of solution and heat of condensation energy in the system when anhydrous ammonia vapour is absorbed into a subcooled lean aqua-ammonia solution. The modified ARP with VAT may achieve operating pressures as low as 10 kPa which results in ammonia gas chiller operating temperatures as low as −71 C.
摘要翻译： 用于液化工业气体或气体混合物（烃类和/或非烃类）的方法使用在液化过程中用于冷却气体或气体混合物的改性水 - 氨吸收制冷系统（ARP）。 气体可能被压缩到其临界点以上，并且可以恢复压缩能量的热量以提供驱动ARP所需的一些或全部热能。 该方法采用焦耳汤姆逊（JT）绝热膨胀工艺，不需要特殊的低温旋转设备。 吸收氨水的制冷系统包括蒸气吸收塔（VAT），当无水氨蒸汽被吸收到过冷的稀氨水溶液中时，该蒸气吸收塔允许回收部分或全部溶液热量和系统中的冷凝能量 。 增值税的改性ARP可以达到低至10kPa的操作压力，这导致氨气冷冻机的操作温度低至-71℃。
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公开(公告)号：US20160231049A1
公开(公告)日：2016-08-11
申请号：US14698152
申请日：2015-04-28
发明人： Jong Hoon Baik , Sarng Woo Karng , SEO YOUNG KIM
CPC分类号： F25J1/001 , F25J1/0225 , F25J1/0276 , F25J2270/908 , F28D15/0233 , F28D15/06
摘要： An example hydrogen liquefaction apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes an outer container; a liquefaction container positioned at least partially within the outer container; a heat pipe positioned within the liquefaction container. The head pipe includes a condensing portion, an evaporating portion, an inner tube portion containing a working fluid and operatively coupling the condensing portion to the evaporating portion, and an outer tube portion surrounding the inner tube portion and defining a dual tube region between the outer tube and the inner tube. Also included is a cryocooler in thermal communication with the liquefaction container, a pre-cooling tube, and an ortho-para converting part having a catalyst configured to induce an ortho-para conversion of gaseous hydrogen within the pre-cooling tube.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种示例氢液化装置。 该装置包括外容器; 至少部分地位于外部容器内的液化容器; 位于液化容器内的热管。 头管包括冷凝部分，蒸发部分，含有工作流体的内管部分和将冷凝部分可操作地连接到蒸发部分的外管部分，以及包围内管部分的外管部分，并且在外部管 管和内管。 还包括与液化容器，预冷却管和具有催化剂的邻位转换部件热连通的低温冷却器，该催化剂构造成在预冷却管内引起气态氢的对位转化。
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公开(公告)号：US20130298570A1
公开(公告)日：2013-11-14
申请号：US13988397
申请日：2011-11-16
CPC分类号： F02C3/20 , C01B3/34 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/025 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/84 , F25J1/0002 , F25J1/001 , F25J1/0229 , F25J1/0284 , F25J3/0223 , F25J3/0252 , F25J3/0261 , F25J3/0266 , F25J3/04539 , F25J3/04575 , F25J2240/70 , F25J2240/82 , F25J2260/20 , H01M8/0618 , Y02C10/12 , Y02P20/152
摘要： The present invention provides a method for producing hydrogen and electricity utilizing a system suitable for producing liquid hydrogen and/or electricity. The system includes a gas reforming unit for receiving and reforming a natural gas feed to produce a hydrogen-comprising gas; an electricity generation unit for receiving and converting hydrogen from the gas reforming unit to generate electricity; and a hydrogen liquefaction unit for receiving and liquefying hydrogen from the gas reforming unit. The hydrogen liquefaction unit is powered by at least part of the electricity produced by the electricity generation unit. During a first period of operation, natural gas is provided to the gas reforming unit and the system is operated to export liquid hydrogen, and during a second period of operation, natural gas is provided to the gas reforming unit and the system is operated to export electricity.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种利用适于产生液体氢和/或电的系统来生产氢和电的方法。 该系统包括用于接收和重整天然气进料以产生含氢气体的气体重整单元; 用于从气体重整单元接收和转换氢气以产生电力的发电单元; 以及用于从气体重整单元接收和液化氢的氢液化单元。 氢液化单元由发电单元产生的电力的至少一部分供电。 在第一操作期间，向气体重整单元提供天然气，并且操作该系统以输出液态氢，并且在第二操作期间，向气体重整单元提供天然气，并且系统运行以出口 电力。
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公开(公告)号：US07559213B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-14
申请号：US11087053
申请日：2005-03-22
CPC分类号： F25J1/0042 , F25J1/001 , F25J1/0037 , F25J1/005 , F25J1/0062 , F25J1/0065 , F25J1/0067 , F25J1/0072 , F25J1/0204 , F25J1/0212 , F25J1/0221 , F25J1/0224 , F25J1/0292 , F25J2210/62 , F25J2215/32 , F25J2270/06 , F25J2270/16
摘要： Hydrogen is liquefied by a process comprising pre-cooling hydrogen feed gas by indirect heat exchange against pressurized liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) to produce pre-cooled hydrogen feed gas and pressurized natural gas, further cooling at least a portion of said pre-cooled hydrogen feed gas by indirect heat exchange against at least one refrigerant to produce condensable hydrogen gas and expanding at least a portion of said condensable hydrogen gas to produce at least partially condensed hydrogen. One advantage of such a process is that the power consumed during liquefaction is significantly less than that consumed in existing hydrogen liquefaction processes which pre-cool hydrogen feed gas by indirect heat exchange against other refrigerants, e.g. liquid nitrogen.
摘要翻译： 氢气通过包括通过与加压液化天然气（“LNG”）的间接热交换预冷氢气进料气体以产生预冷氢气进料气体和加压天然气的方法液化，进一步冷却至少一部分所述预处理气体， 通过与至少一种制冷剂的间接热交换来冷却氢气进料气体，以产生可冷凝氢气，并使至少一部分可冷凝氢气膨胀以产生至少部分冷凝的氢气。 这种过程的一个优点是在液化期间消耗的功率明显小于在现有的氢液化过程中消耗的功率，其中氢气进料气体通过与其它制冷剂的间接热交换而预冷却氢气。 液氮。
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公开(公告)号：US20060213222A1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-28
申请号：US11388087
申请日：2006-03-23
申请人： Robert Whitesell
发明人： Robert Whitesell
IPC分类号： F25J1/00
CPC分类号： F25J1/004 , F25J1/001 , F25J1/0017 , F25J1/002 , F25J1/0022 , F25J1/0027 , F25J1/0035 , F25J1/0042 , F25J1/005 , F25J1/0052 , F25J1/0082 , F25J1/0202 , F25J1/0232 , F25J1/0254 , F25J1/0257 , F25J1/0258 , F25J1/0259 , F25J1/0265 , F25J1/0275 , F25J1/0283 , F25J1/0287 , F25J1/0288 , F25J2205/02 , F25J2220/62 , F25J2230/20 , F25J2230/60 , F25J2240/02 , F25J2240/30
摘要： A compact and modular cryogenic method and apparatus for liquefying natural gas. The liquefaction process is highly efficient and requires no external refrigeration system, and the apparatus is small enough to be transportable from one remote site to another. A compressed natural gas feed stream is cooled and then expanded to form a bi-phase stream comprising a first refrigerated vapor component and a first liquid component. The first liquid component is then separated from the bi-phase stream and expanded to form a second bi-phase stream comprising a second refrigerated vapor component and a second liquid component. The second liquid component is then introduced into a means configured for storage and transport. The remaining feed stream can then be recycled, and at least a substantial portion of the original feed stream can be processed into liquefied natural gas (LNG). The first and second vapor components are recycled through the system and comprise at least a portion of the feed stream in the repeated steps.
摘要翻译： 用于液化天然气的紧凑且模块化的低温方法和装置。 液化过程是高效的并且不需要外部制冷系统，并且该装置足够小以便从一个远程站点运送到另一个远程站点。 将压缩的天然气进料流冷却，然后膨胀以形成包含第一冷藏蒸汽组分和第一液体组分的双相流。 然后将第一液体组分与双相流分离并膨胀以形成包含第二冷冻蒸汽组分和第二液体组分的第二双相流。 然后将第二液体组分引入被配置为存储和运输的装置。 然后可以将剩余的进料流再循环，并且原始进料流的至少大部分可以被加工成液化天然气（LNG）。 第一和第二蒸汽组分通过系统再循环并且在重复步骤中包含进料流的至少一部分。
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49.发明申请Water combustion technology - methods, processes, systems and apparatus for the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen 失效水燃烧技术 - 氢和氧燃烧的方法，过程，系统和设备公开(公告)号：US20050198958A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-15
申请号：US10790316
申请日：2004-03-01
申请人： Richard Haase
发明人： Richard Haase
CPC分类号： C01B3/001 , C01B3/045 , C01B13/0248 , C01B13/0259 , C01B2210/0046 , C01B2210/0082 , F01K25/005 , F25J1/001 , F25J1/0017 , F25J1/004 , F25J1/0052 , F25J1/0072 , F25J1/0208 , F25J1/0228 , F25J1/0284 , F25J3/04533 , F25J2210/50 , F25J2215/40 , F25J2290/42 , F25J2290/62 , Y02E10/46 , Y02E60/327 , Y02E60/364
摘要： This invention presents improved combustion methods, systems, engines and apparatus utilizing H2, O2 and H2O as fuel, thereby providing environmentally friendly combustion products, as well as improved fuel and energy management methods, systems, engines and apparatus. The Water Combustion Technology; WCT, is based upon water (H2O) chemistry, more specifically H2O combustion chemistry and thermodynamics. WCT does not use any hydrocarbon fuel source, rather the WCT uses H2 preferably with O2 and secondarily with air. The WCT significantly improves the thermodynamics of combustion, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of combustion, utilizing the first and second laws of thermodynamics. The WCT preferably controls combustion temperature with H2O and secondarily with air in the combustion chamber. The WCT preferably recycles exhaust gas energy as fuel converted from water. The WCT minimizes external cooling loops and minimizes exhaust and/or exhaust energy, thereby maximizing available work and internal energy while minimizing enthalpy and entropy losses.
摘要翻译： 本发明提出了改进的燃烧方法，系统，发动机和利用H 2 O 2 O 2和H 2 O 2作为燃料的装置，从而提供环境友好 燃烧产物，以及改进的燃料和能源管理方法，系统，发动机和设备。 水燃烧技术; WCT基于水（H 2 O 2 O）化学，更具体地说是H 2 O 2 O燃烧化学和热力学。 WCT不使用任何碳氢化合物燃料源，而是WCT优选使用H 2 O 2，其次是空气。 WCT显着改善燃烧的热力学，从而显着提高燃烧效率，利用热力学第一和第二定律。 WCT优选地利用H 2 O 2控制燃烧温度，并且二次用燃烧室中的空气来控制燃烧温度。 WCT优选将作为从水转化的燃料的废气能量循环。 WCT使外部冷却回路最小化，并最大限度地减少排气和/或排气能量，从而最大化可用的工作和内部能量，同时最大限度地减少焓和熵损失。
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公开(公告)号：US20050144979A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-07
申请号：US10752653
申请日：2004-01-06
CPC分类号： C01B3/065 , F17C11/005 , F25J1/001 , F25J1/0035 , F25J1/0228 , F25J2205/82 , F25J2230/20 , F25J2230/22 , H01M8/065 , Y02E60/362
摘要： A method of liquefying a gas is disclosed and which includes the steps of pressurizing a liquid; mixing a reactant composition with the pressurized liquid to generate a high pressure gas; supplying the high pressure gas to an expansion engine which produces a gas having a reduced pressure and temperature, and which further generates a power and/or work output; coupling the expansion engine in fluid flowing relation relative to a refrigeration assembly, and wherein the gas having the reduced temperature is provided to the refrigeration assembly; and energizing and/or actuating the refrigeration assembly, at least in part, by supplying the power and/or work output generated by the expansion engine to the refrigeration assembly, the refrigeration assembly further reducing the temperature of the gas to liquefy same.
摘要翻译： 公开了液化气体的方法，其包括对液体加压的步骤; 将反应物组合物与加压液体混合以产生高压气体; 将高压气体供应到膨胀发动机，该膨胀发动机产生具有降低的压力和温度的气体，并进一步产生动力和/或工作输出; 将膨胀发动机相对于制冷组件耦合在流体流动关系中，并且其中具有降低的温度的气体被提供给制冷组件; 并且至少部分地通过将由膨胀发动机产生的动力和/或工作输出提供给制冷组件来致动和/或致动制冷组件，所述制冷组件进一步降低气体的液化温度。
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