摘要:
A process for producing an electron emission device having voltage controlled negative resistance (VCNR) characteristics. A conductive thin film containing fine particles of a metal, metal oxide, semiconductor or the like is formed on a substrate between opposing electrodes which are also form on the substrate. A voltage is applied across the conductive thin film to generate heat with which the conductive thin film is heat treated to have an island structure which is formed of a spatially discontinuous film of fine particles and which serves as an electron emitting region.
摘要:
A surface conduction electron-emitting device includes a high-potential electrode provided on a substrate surface, an electron-emitting region provided in contact with the periphery of an exposed part of the high-potential electrode, and a low-potential electrode in contact with the periphery of the electron-emitting region. The low-potential electrode may project upward in the thickness direction of the substrate to a higher level than the high-potential electrode. A device for applying a voltage may further provided between the high-potential electrode and low-potential electrode. The low-potential electrode may be divided into plural numbers and potential may be applied to each of the low-potential electrodes independently.
摘要:
A photoelectric conversion device having a photoelectric conversion section and a transistor for transferring or amplification of the photoelectric conversion signal or an accumulating section of a photo carrier. The photoelectric conversion section and the transistor or the accumulating section have common semiconductor layer.
摘要:
A measuring system particularly suitably usable with an apparatus having a plurality of electron emitting sources, for measuring the characteristics of the electron emitting sources is disclosed. In the measuring system, the electron emitting sources are driven so that they emit electron flows of predetermined and different frequencies. The emitted electron flows are collected and, thereafter, only those signals having components corresponding to the predetermined frequencies are extracted. Based on the extracted signals, the characteristics of the electron emitting sources are measured at the same time and independently of each other.
摘要:
A process for purifying lysine in a lysine production process, which involves passing a solution containing lysine over a cation exchange resin such that lysine adsorbs onto the resin, eluting adsorbed lysine from the resin with an aqueous solution of ammonia to produce a lysine-containing elution liquid, passing the elution liquid directly to a reverse osmosis membrane system, and concentrating the lysine-containing elution liquid with the reverse osmosis membrane system such that ammonia is selectively removed from the lysine containing elution; the aqueous ammonia which is separated from the lysine may be recycled through the cation exchange resin to regenerate the resin or to elute more lysine from the resin.
摘要:
In an alcohol concentration estimation apparatus for an engine, a first crank angular speed (ω1) within a first predetermined interval overlapping with the compression top dead center is calculated, and a first variation amount (Δω1) is calculated by subtracting ω1 from an average engine speed. A second crank angular speed (ω2) within a second predetermined interval overlapping with the combustion bottom dead center is calculated, and a second variation amount (Δω2) is calculated by subtracting ω1 from ω2. In a relationship between air fuel ratio A/F and an indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP)/charging efficiency (ηc) of the engine when the engine is operated with a predetermined fuel injection map indicating a relationship between A/F and IMEP/ηc for each desired alcohol concentration, IMEP/ηc is substituted by Δω2/Δω1 ratio to estimate an alcohol concentration in fuel. The alcohol concentration estimation apparatus eliminates requirement of sensors for detecting an intake air mass.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus body, a recording head, a cap member, and release valves. The head has a nozzle face with nozzles to eject liquid droplets. The head is placed in the apparatus body so as to eject the droplets obliquely downward in any of the vertical or horizontal arrangement of the apparatus body. The cap member caps the nozzle face and has openings at opposed ends in a longitudinal direction of the cap member to communicate an inside of the cap member with an outside of the cap member. The valves open and close the openings relative to an atmosphere. One of the valves placed higher than another one of the valves in accordance with the vertical or horizontal arrangement is configured to open the inside of the cap member to the atmosphere through one of the openings placed higher than another one of the openings.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus body, a recording head, a cap member, and release valves. The head has a nozzle face with nozzles to eject liquid droplets. The head is placed in the apparatus body so as to eject the droplets obliquely downward in any of the vertical or horizontal arrangement of the apparatus body. The cap member caps the nozzle face and has openings at opposed ends in a longitudinal direction of the cap member to communicate an inside of the cap member with an outside of the cap member. The valves open and close the openings relative to an atmosphere. One of the valves placed higher than another one of the valves in accordance with the vertical or horizontal arrangement is configured to open the inside of the cap member to the atmosphere through one of the openings placed higher than another one of the openings.
摘要:
A sub tank is provided that includes a case at which an air flow path is formed, the air flow path including an entrance flow path portion that is connected to an ink accommodating portion of the case, and a cross flow path portion that continues from the entrance flow path portion. The cross flow path portion extends in an upper diagonal direction with respect to a reference plane corresponding to the ink liquid level at a standstill state. Another sub tank is provided that includes a case forming an ink accommodating portion, on which case a flexible film member is attached through bonding or welding to seal an opening of the ink accommodating portion and to form one side of the sub tank. A spring is disposed within the ink accommodating portion between the case and the flexible film member, the spring forcing the flexible film member outward.
摘要:
A display device consisting of an electron-emitting device which is a laminate of an insulating layer and a pair of opposing electrodes formed on a planar substrate. A portion of the insulating layer is between the electrodes and a portion containing an electron emitting region in between one electrode and the substrate. Electrons are emitted from the electron emission region by a voltage to the electrodes, thereby stimulating a phosphorous to emitting light.