摘要:
This invention relates to a novel class of biodegradable water-soluble graff copolymers having building, anti-filming, dispersing and threshold crystal inhibiting properties comprising (a) an acid functional monomer and optionally (b) other water-soluble, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (a) grafted to a biodegradable substrate comprising polyalkylene oxides and/or polyalkoxylated materials.
摘要:
A process is provided for preparing polysuccinimides by forming a polymerization mixture of poly(alkylene glycol), aspartic acid and, optionally, one or more other amino acids; heating the mixture to an elevated temperature; and maintaining the mixture at the elevated temperature to form polysuccinimides.
摘要:
Copolymers of aliphatic monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and unsaturated monomers have been formed by gradually and simultaneously adding monomers and initiator, in the presence of a metal salt activator, to a reaction vessel initially containing water at a temperature suitable for polymerization. These copolymers have consistent compositions and superior properties as antiscalants, dispersants and incrustation inhibitors.
摘要:
Polymers of itaconic acid are formed at high conversion by adding completely neutralized monomer solution and initiator solution to a vessel initially containing water at a temperature sufficient for polymerization. These polymers are biodegradable and are most useful as detergent additives, scale inhibitors and removers, sequesterants, yarn sizers, deflocculating agents, de-inking agents, suspending agents and dispersing agents.
摘要:
A process to prepare telomers of acrylic acid with a functional terminal group through use of selected secondary alcohol chain transfer agents.Telomers of acrylic acid containing a functional terminal group with a primary hydroxyl of a 6-12 carbon moiety.
摘要:
Functionalized polymeric compositions are prepared by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated functional monomer in a solvent including a reactive compound. The functional groups of the reactive compound and the functional monomer react during or subsequent to the polymerization of the functional monomer to provide functionalized polymeric composition. The reactive compound can be a hydroxy-terminated, poly(ethleneoxy)ated hydrophobe-bearing compound and the functional monomer can be a polymerizable carboxylated monomer, the functionalization in this case being a condensation. Removal of the water of condensation by azeotropic distillation drives the reaction to completion. The resulting high solids functionalized polymeric composition is soluble or dispersible in an appropriate solvent, and can be used as is, diluted with a solvent, or isolated. Polymeric compositions prepared according to the process can be used as builders in detergent compositions, as pigment dispersants in coating compositions, as tanning agents for leather, as associative thickeners and rheology modifiers for coatings compositions, and in a variety of other applications.
摘要:
A process to prepare telomers of acrylic acid with a functional terminal group through use of selected secondary alcohol chain transfer agents.Telomers of acrylic acid containing a functional terminal group with a primary hydroxyl or a 6-12 carbon moiety.
摘要:
A composition comprising a water reducible vinyl additional polymer having pendant unsaturated air drying fatty acid ester groups and additional pendant groups selected from secondary amine, tertiary amine, and combinations thereof are disclosed, as are methods for preparing such polymers, solvent coatings, water reducible coatings, and electrodeposition coatings containing such polymers.
摘要:
A process for preparing a low molecular weight water-soluble polymer comprises reacting, in an aqueous solution system, a water-soluble monomer selected from the class consisting of (a) acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, acrolein, methacrolein, methacrylamide, N-vinyl pyrollidone, acryloxypropionic acid and mixtures thereof, and (b) water-soluble comonomers of one or more of the monomers of (a) with from about 5-50% of the total monomers present, of a comonomer selected from the class consisting of itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, hydroxypropylmethacrylate, hydroxyethylacrylate, hydroxypropylacrylate, hydroxyethylmethacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, t-butylaminoethyl acrylate, 4-vinyl pyridine, beta-hydroxyethyldimethylaminoethyl methacrylate salt, t-butylaminoethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof in the presence of a catalyst system which comprises an initiator and a metal salt wherein the molar ratio of the initiator to the metal ion is from about 10:1 to about 150:1 and the initiator is present in an amount of from about 0.5 weight percent to about 35 weight percent based on the weight of the monomers present. An aqueous polymer solution has terminal hydroxyl groups, substantially all of the water which was present during the preparation of the polymer, a solids content of from about 40% to about 60% by weight of the entire composition and said polymer has an average molecular weight of up to 50,000. The polymer is prepared from the monomers set forth above.