Ultra-low noise cryogenic microwave amplification

    公开(公告)号:US11677206B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-06-13

    申请号:US16806874

    申请日:2020-03-02

    CPC classification number: H01S1/02

    Abstract: Embodiments of the microwave amplification system are described. In an embodiment, a microwave amplification system includes a microwave amplifier that contains a paramagnetic material with an impurity. The impurity has a plurality of nuclear spin and electron spin-based energy levels. The system includes an input to receive a pumping signal which is transmitted to the microwave amplifier to cause a population inversion in the impurity and excite it to one of the nuclear spin and electron spin-based energy levels. The system further includes another input to receive an input signal to be amplified by the microwave amplifier, the input signal having a lower power than the pumping signal. Once transmitted to the microwave amplifier, the input signal is amplified by the excited state of the impurity in the microwave amplifier thereby generating an amplified signal.

    INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR SAMPLING AND PROCESSING A LIQUID SUSPENSION

    公开(公告)号:US20210291159A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-09-23

    申请号:US16614836

    申请日:2018-05-18

    Abstract: An integrated system for sampling and processing a liquid suspension, the system comprising: a cartridge member comprising a sampling port on a first end of the cartridge member, a second one-way valve in communication with the sampling port, a stopper at a second end of the cartridge member, and a fluid chamber between the second one-way valve and the stopper; a body member having a first end configured to accept the first end of the cartridge member and a second end opposite the first end of the body member; and a cap unit disposed on the second end of the body member, the cap unit comprising a wash chamber, wherein the cap unit comprises a first one-way valve between the second end of the body member and the wash chamber and a filter between the first one-way valve and the wash chamber or a filter between the second end of the body member and the wash chamber and a first one-way valve between the filter and the wash chamber.

    Peptide exhibiting hydrolytic activity and use thereof

    公开(公告)号:US10995119B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-05-04

    申请号:US16067764

    申请日:2017-01-06

    Abstract: The present invention provides a novel molecule that catalyzes a hydrolysis reaction and is different from enzyme proteins. The catalytic peptide according to the present invention is a catalytic peptide that catalyzes a hydrolysis reaction, including at least one peptide selected from the group consisting of the following peptides (A1) to (A4): (A1) a peptide consisting of Box A and at least one of an upstream region and a downstream region therefrom in a Tob/BTG protein; (A2) a peptide consisting of a partial region of the peptide (A1); (A3) a peptide that consists of an amino acid sequence obtained by deletion, substitution, addition, and/or insertion of one or more amino acids in an amino acid sequence of the peptide (A1) or (A2) and has hydrolysis activity; and (A4) a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence with a sequence identity of at least 85% to the amino acid sequence of the peptide (A1) or (A2) and having hydrolysis activity.

    Inverse reinforcement learning by density ratio estimation

    公开(公告)号:US10896382B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-01-19

    申请号:US15329690

    申请日:2015-08-07

    Abstract: A method of inverse reinforcement learning for estimating cost and value functions of behaviors of a subject includes acquiring data representing changes in state variables that define the behaviors of the subject; applying a modified Bellman equation given by Eq. (1) to the acquired data: q(x)+gV(y)−V(x)=−ln{pi(y|x))/(p(y|x)} (1) where q(x) and V(x) denote a cost function and a value function, respectively, at state x, g represents a discount factor, and p(y|x) and pi(y|x) denote state transition probabilities before and after learning, respectively; estimating a density ratio pi(y|x)/p(y|x) in Eq. (1); estimating q(x) and V(x) in Eq. (1) using the least square method in accordance with the estimated density ratio pi(y|x)/p(y|x), and outputting the estimated q(x) and V(x).

    3D polymeric insert to apply uniform electric field in circular cultureware

    公开(公告)号:US10851337B2

    公开(公告)日:2020-12-01

    申请号:US15759734

    申请日:2016-09-16

    Abstract: A disclosed insert for a circular-shaped petri dish can generate a substantially uniform electric field across the petri dish that is filled with a fluid establishing a salt bridge. The insert includes a circular-shaped bottom plate defining a circular-shaped space; a side channel vertically erecting from a circular periphery of said bottom plate; and a pair of current rectifying chambers each having a generally planar shape communicating with the side channel. In at least some aspects of the invention, portions of the side channel bridging the pair of current rectifying chambers each have a generally concave top profile having a lowest point at the center between the pair of current rectifying chambers such that, when the salt bridge is established, the circular-shaped space defined by the bottom plate exhibits a substantially uniform electric field in a substantially entire area of the space.

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