公开(公告)号：US07871826B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US11861651

申请日：2007-09-26

申请人： Xiang-Dong Peng ,  Blaine Edward Herb ,  Matthew H. MacConnell ,  Winfried Stephen Hoglen

发明人： Xiang-Dong Peng ,  Blaine Edward Herb ,  Matthew H. MacConnell ,  Winfried Stephen Hoglen

IPC分类号： G01N33/00 ,  G01F1/84

CPC分类号： G01N9/36 ,  G01N33/225 ,  Y10T436/21

摘要： A method for determining a carbon content value of a hydrocarbon-containing mixture. At least one composition-dependent bulk property of the hydrocarbon-containing mixture is measured and optionally at least one non-hydrocarbon component concentration is measured with the resulting measurements used in a carbon content correlation for calculating the carbon content of the hydrocarbon-containing mixture. The carbon content may be used in a hydrogen and/or synthesis gas production process for calculating a target flow rate of steam to be combined with the hydrocarbon-containing mixture to form a mixed feed having a target steam-to-carbon ratio.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测定含烃混合物的碳含量值的方法。 测量含烃混合物的至少一种组成依赖的整体性质，并且任选地测量至少一种非烃组分浓度，用碳含量相关性得到的测量值用于计算含烃混合物的碳含量。 碳含量可以用于氢和/或合成气生产过程中，用于计算与含烃混合物组合的蒸汽的目标流速，以形成具有目标蒸汽 - 碳比的混合进料。

公开(公告)号：US07653497B2

公开(公告)日：2010-01-26

申请号：US11945985

申请日：2007-11-27

申请人： Richard L. Cline ,  Xiang Liu ,  Gregory M. Sanger ,  Charles E. Smith ,  Xin Zhou

发明人： Richard L. Cline ,  Xiang Liu ,  Gregory M. Sanger ,  Charles E. Smith ,  Xin Zhou

IPC分类号： G01N31/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/027 ,  G01J3/4338 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N33/225 ,  G01N2021/399 ,  G01N2021/8578 ,  G01N2291/02809 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02881

摘要： Thermodynamic properties of a natural gas stream can be determined in real time utilizing modeling algorithms in conjunction with one or more sensors for quantifying physical and chemical properties of the natural gas. Related techniques, apparatus, systems, and articles are also described.

摘要翻译： 天然气流的热力学性质可以利用建模算法结合一个或多个传感器来实时确定，用于量化天然气的物理和化学性质。 还描述了相关技术，装置，系统和制品。

公开(公告)号：US07484404B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-03

申请号：US11358724

申请日：2006-02-22

申请人： Kenneth O. Thompson ,  Walter F. Grehold

发明人： Kenneth O. Thompson ,  Walter F. Grehold

IPC分类号： G01N1/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/0016 ,  F17C6/00 ,  F17C9/00 ,  F17C13/02 ,  F17C2221/033 ,  F17C2223/0161 ,  F17C2223/033 ,  F17C2223/046 ,  F17C2225/0123 ,  F17C2225/0161 ,  F17C2225/033 ,  F17C2225/035 ,  F17C2227/0135 ,  F17C2227/0302 ,  F17C2227/0311 ,  F17C2227/0318 ,  F17C2227/0332 ,  F17C2227/0393 ,  F17C2250/0456 ,  F17C2270/0105 ,  F17C2270/0136 ,  G01N1/10 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G01N33/225 ,  G01N2001/105 ,  G01N2001/2261

摘要： A liquid gas vaporization and measurement system, and associated method, for efficiently vaporizing a continuous sample of liquid gas, such as liquid natural gas (LNG), and accurately determining the constituent components of the gas. A constant flow of liquid gas sampled from a mass storage device is maintained in a vaporizing device. Within the vaporizing device the liquid gas is flash vaporized within heated narrow tubing. The liquid gas is converted to vapor very quickly as it enters one or more independently operating vaporizer stages within the vaporizing device. The vapor gas is provided to a measuring instrument such as a chromatograph and the individual constituent components and the BTU value of the gas are determined to an accuracy of within +/−0.5 mole percent and 1 BTU, respectively.

摘要翻译： 一种液体气体蒸发和测量系统及相关方法，用于有效地蒸发诸如液体天然气（LNG）的液体气体的连续样品，并且精确地确定气体的构成成分。 从大容量存储装置取样的液体气体的恒定流量保持在汽化装置中。 在蒸发装置内，液体气体在加热的窄管内闪蒸。 当气体进入蒸发装置内的一个或多个独立运行的蒸发器级时，液体气体非常快速地转化成蒸气。 将蒸汽气体提供给诸如色谱仪的测量仪器，并且各个构成组分和气体的BTU值分别确定在+/- 0.5摩尔％和1BTU内的精确度。

公开(公告)号：US20090013759A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-15

申请号：US11777575

申请日：2007-07-13

申请人： Aaron Jay Knobloch ,  William Joseph Antel, JR. ,  Mark Greyson Christoforo ,  Robert Michael Orenstein

发明人： Aaron Jay Knobloch ,  William Joseph Antel, JR. ,  Mark Greyson Christoforo ,  Robert Michael Orenstein

IPC分类号： G01N25/00

CPC分类号： G01N27/16 ,  G01N33/225

摘要： A sensor for measuring Wobbe index of a fuel is provided. The sensor includes a substrate and a diaphragm layer. The diaphragm layer includes a first layer having at least one heating element configured to sense energy content in a fuel, wherein the heating element includes a doped poly-silicon carbide that is disposed on the substrate. The diaphragm layer also includes a second layer including an undoped poly-silicon carbide layer configured to prevent oxidation of the first layer. The sensor further includes a sensing layer having a catalyst suspended in a support structure. The sensor also includes a cavity formed under the diaphragm layer and is configured to provide thermal isolation of the heating element.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于测量燃料的沃泊指数的传感器。 传感器包括基板和隔膜层。 隔膜层包括具有至少一个加热元件的第一层，该加热元件构造成感测燃料中的能量含量，其中加热元件包括设置在基底上的掺杂多晶硅碳化物。 隔膜层还包括第二层，其包括被配置为防止第一层的氧化的未掺杂的多晶硅碳化物层。 传感器还包括具有悬浮在支撑结构中的催化剂的感测层。 传感器还包括形成在隔膜层之下的空腔，并被构造成提供加热元件的热​​隔离。

公开(公告)号：US07197403B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-27

申请号：US11006243

申请日：2004-12-07

申请人： Thomas B. Morrow ,  Kendricks A. Behring, II

发明人： Thomas B. Morrow ,  Kendricks A. Behring, II

IPC分类号： G01N31/00

CPC分类号： G01N29/024 ,  G01N33/225 ,  G01N2291/0215 ,  G01N2291/02809 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02881

摘要： Methods for inferentially determining various properties of a gas mixture, when the speed of sound in the gas is known at an arbitrary temperature and pressure. The method can be applied to natural gas mixtures, where the known parameters are the sound speed, temperature, pressure, and concentrations of any dilute components of the gas. The method uses a set of reference gases and their calculated density and speed of sound values to estimate the density of the subject gas. Additional calculations can be made to estimate the molecular weight of the subject gas, which can then be used as the basis for heating value calculations. The method may also be applied to inferentially determine density and molecular weight for gas mixtures other than natural gases.

摘要翻译： 当在任意温度和压力下已知气体中的声速时，用于确定气体混合物的各种特性的方法。 该方法可以应用于天然气混合物，其中已知参数是气体的任何稀释组分的声速，温度，压力和浓度。 该方法使用一组参考气体及其计算的声值的密度和速度来估计目标气体的密度。 可以进行额外的计算来估计目标气体的分子量，然后将其用作热值计算的基础。 该方法还可以用于确定天然气以外的气体混合物的密度和分子量。

公开(公告)号：US07104112B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-12

申请号：US10748029

申请日：2003-12-30

申请人： Ulrich Bonne

发明人： Ulrich Bonne

IPC分类号： G01N19/00

CPC分类号： G01N35/00871 ,  G01N1/24 ,  G01N1/40 ,  G01N7/16 ,  G01N27/18 ,  G01N30/08 ,  G01N30/12 ,  G01N30/20 ,  G01N30/30 ,  G01N30/461 ,  G01N30/468 ,  G01N30/6095 ,  G01N30/66 ,  G01N30/88 ,  G01N33/225 ,  G01N2001/021 ,  G01N2030/085 ,  G01N2030/121 ,  G01N2030/123 ,  G01N2030/3061 ,  G01N2030/3076 ,  G01N2030/623 ,  G01N2030/642 ,  G01N2035/00881 ,  G01N30/36 ,  G01N30/6052 ,  G01N2030/3015 ,  G01N30/466

摘要： A fluid analyzer having a concentrator and separator for concentrating and separating fluid samples at pressures up to about 10,000 psi (˜700 bar). The concentrator and separator may consist of a solid-state thin-film heater-adsorber and a channel supported by a solid substrate. The concentrator may have numerous heated interactive elements for adsorbing and desorbing constituents of a sample fluid. The interactive elements may be heated in a time phased sequential manner by heaters. The separator may separate the sample fluid by compound. There may be thermal conductivity detectors, a flow sensor and electrical conductivity detectors proximate to the channels. This system of concentrator, separator, heaters and sensor may provide information about the sample fluid composition. A pump may be connected to the channel to move the sample fluid through it.

摘要翻译： 流体分析器具有浓缩器和分离器，用于在高达约10,000psi（〜700巴）的压力下浓缩和分离流体样品。 浓缩器和分离器可以由固体薄膜加热器 - 吸附器和由固体基底支撑的通道组成。 浓缩器可以具有用于吸附和解吸样品流体成分的许多加热的相互作用元件。 交互式元件可以通过加热器以时间顺序的方式被加热。 分离器可以通过化合物分离样品流体。 可能有热导率检测器，流量传感器和靠近通道的电导率检测器。 这种浓缩器，分离器，加热器和传感器系统可以提供关于样品流体组成的信息。 泵可以连接到通道以移动样品流体通过它。

公开(公告)号：US20060123892A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-15

申请号：US10531845

申请日：2003-10-17

申请人： Kees Brekelmans ,  Jan Rijswijk

发明人： Kees Brekelmans ,  Jan Rijswijk

IPC分类号： G01N25/00 ,  G01N25/18

CPC分类号： G01N25/005 ,  G01F1/6847 ,  G01N33/225

摘要： The invention relates to a device and methods for the characterisation of a flowing substance, liquid or gas. Particular embodiments of the invention relates to the use of the device for the identification of a flowing substance for controlling the flow of a fuel or combustion gas to deliver a controlled heat of combustion and for measuring the heat capacity of a gas. Further embodiments of the invention relate to a flow control device for controlling the flow rate of a flowing substance and a method for the combustion of a fuel or combustion gas. The device for the characterisation of a flowing substance comprises: a transport duct on which is mounted a heating or a cooling element; a temperature difference sensor comprising a first temperature measurement cell downstream of the heating or cooling element and means to determine a temperature difference in the flowing substance upstream and downstream of the heating or cooling element; flow control means comprising flow measurement means for measuring a mass flow characteristic and flow correction means for correcting for measured mass flow variations; and evaluation means for evaluating a characterising feature of the flowing substance comprising a function relating temperature differences measured on one or more calibration substances to one or more characterising features of the flowing substance. The device is relatively simple and cheap and gives a quick but accurate and reliable characterisation of a flowing substance, gas or liquid, that can be used in a flow control device to control the flow rate of unknown substances.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于表征流动物质，液体或气体的装置和方法。 本发明的具体实施方案涉及该装置用于识别用于控制燃料或燃烧气体的流动以输送受控的燃烧热并用于测量气体的热容量的流动物质的用途。 本发明的另外的实施例涉及一种用于控制流动物质的流量的流量控制装置和用于燃烧或燃烧气体的燃烧的方法。 用于表征流动物质的装置包括：运输管道，其上安装有加热或冷却元件; 温度差传感器，包括在所述加热或冷却元件下游的第一温度测量单元和用于确定所述加热或冷却元件上游和下游的流动物质的温度差的装置; 流量控制装置包括用于测量质量流量特性的流量测量装置和用于校正测量的质量流量变化的流量校正装置; 以及用于评价流动物质的特征特征的评估装置，包括将在一个或多个校准物质上测量的温度差与功能物质的一个或多个特征特征相关的功能。 该装置相对简单和便宜，并且可以快速但准确和可靠地表征流动物质，气体或液体，其可用于流量控制装置中以控制未知物质的流速。

公开(公告)号：US06893152B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-17

申请号：US10451726

申请日：2001-12-20

申请人： Rémy Cordier ,  Laurent Lantoine

发明人： Rémy Cordier ,  Laurent Lantoine

IPC分类号： G01N33/22 ,  G01F1/00 ,  G01K17/06

CPC分类号： G01N33/225

摘要： A method for evaluating the Wobbe index of a fuel gas belonging to a family of gases. The method includes measuring mass flow rates the fuel gas and of a reference gas, which is not necessarily a fuel gas at respective absolute pressures and temperatures and in a sonic flow through a microjet. An evaluation of the Wobbe index (W) of the fuel gas as W=A×Y+B uses the results of measurements of the fuel gas and the reference gas and is established for all the gases of the family considered.

摘要翻译： 一种用于评估属于一族气体的燃料气体的沃泊指数的方法。 该方法包括测量燃料气体和参考气体的质量流量，其不一定是在相应的绝对压力和温度下以及通过微型喷射器的声流中的燃料气体。 对于W = AxY + B的燃料气体的沃泊指数（W）的评估使用燃料气体和参考气体的测量结果，并且被建立用于所考虑的家庭的所有气体。

公开(公告)号：US20050028530A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-10

申请号：US10894031

申请日：2004-07-20

申请人： Klaus Doebbeling ,  Ken-Yves Haffner ,  Rolf Ruetschi ,  Hanspeter Zinn

发明人： Klaus Doebbeling ,  Ken-Yves Haffner ,  Rolf Ruetschi ,  Hanspeter Zinn

IPC分类号： F02C9/34 ,  C10L3/00 ,  F02C3/22 ,  F02C7/228 ,  F02C9/40 ,  F23N5/00 ,  F23R3/28 ,  G01N33/00 ,  F02C9/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/359 ,  F02C3/22 ,  F02C9/40 ,  F23N5/003 ,  F23N2021/10 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N33/225

摘要： Relevant fuel-gas properties (XG) are measured on an ongoing basis while a gas turbine group is operating. The C2+alkane content of the fuel gas is of particular interest in this context, since it has a significant influence on the ignitability of the fuel gas in the combustion chamber. The operating parameters of the gas turbine group are acted on directly as a function of the measured fuel-gas properties. In particular, in the case of the example of a gas turbine group with sequential combustion, the distribution of the fuel mass flows ({dot over (m)}EV, {dot over (m)}SEV) between the combustion chambers (4, 8) of the gas turbine group is varied. Furthermore, if there is provision for inert media, such as water or steam, to be introduced, it is possible for the mass flow of inert media ({dot over (m)}ST) to be controlled as a function of the measured fuel properties.

摘要翻译： 燃气轮机组正在运行时，持续测量相关的燃气特性（XG）。 在这种情况下，燃料气体的C2 +烷烃含量是特别有意义的，因为它对燃烧室中的燃料气体的可燃性具有显着的影响。 燃气轮机组的操作参数作为测量的燃料 - 气体性质的函数直接作用。 特别地，在具有顺序燃烧的燃气轮机组的实例的情况下，燃料质量的分布流动（{气点（mEV），气体燃烧室（4,8）之间的点（mSEV） 涡轮机组是不同的，此外，如果要提供诸如水或蒸汽的惰性介质，要引入惰性介质的质量流（{dot over（mST））作为 测量燃料性能。

公开(公告)号：US06804610B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US10401206

申请日：2003-03-27

申请人： Thomas B. Morrow ,  Kendricks A. Behring, II

发明人： Thomas B. Morrow ,  Kendricks A. Behring, II

IPC分类号： G01N3100

CPC分类号： G01N29/024 ,  G01N33/225 ,  G01N2291/0215 ,  G01N2291/02809 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02836 ,  G01N2291/02881

摘要： A methods of indirectly measuring the nitrogen concentration in a gas mixture. The molecular weight of the gas is modeled as a function of the speed of sound in the gas, the diluent concentrations in the gas, and constant values, resulting in a model equation. Regression analysis is used to calculate the constant values, which can then be substituted into the model equation. If the speed of sound in the gas is measured at two states and diluent concentrations other than nitrogen (typically carbon dioxide) are known, two equations for molecular weight can be equated and solved for the nitrogen concentration in the gas mixture.

摘要翻译： 间接测量气体混合物中氮浓度的方法。 气体的分子量被模拟为气体中的声速，气体中的稀释剂浓度和常数值的函数，导致模型方程式。 回归分析用于计算常数值，然后将其代入模型方程。 如果在两种状态下测量气体中的声速，并且已知氮气（通常为二氧化碳）以外的稀释剂浓度，则可以将气体混合物中的氮浓度的两个分子式等式和解决。