Abstract:
An optical system and method includes a source-free optical network unit coupled to an optical fiber for receiving an original carrier signal with downstream data over the optical fiber. The optical network unit includes a modulator configured to remodulate the original carrier signal with upstream data to produce an upstream data signal for transmission back down the optical fiber in a direction opposite to a direction in which that original carrier signal was received.
Abstract:
An all-fiber color laser and a light-illuminating method thereof are disclosed. The steps of the light-illuminating method include: providing a fiber color laser having a pump light source and an optical fiber with a multi-level wavelength gain medium, a first grating assembly and a second grating assembly; radiating a laser via the pump light source; generating a plurality of laser beams with various wavelengths via the multi-level wavelength gain medium; adjusting the deformation of the second grating assembly to control output of the laser beams with various wavelengths; and executing periodical modulation to generate a periodical lengthwise deformation of the second grating assembly for mixing color.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for generating an image are provided. These systems and methods include generating multiple light beams from a light source by controlling at least one parameter of the light source to be different among each of the multiple light beams. The systems and methods further include forming multiple light patterns of circuit structures that are separated in frequency by directing each of the light beams at a mask of circuit features. The systems and methods, when used in lithography for example, further include directing each of the light patterns toward a silicon substrate. The silicon substrate includes a silicon wafer having a surface at least partially covered with at least one of a photoresist material and a reversible contrast enhancement material (R-CEM).
Abstract:
A method for generating a 400 Gb/s single channel optical signal from multiple modulated subchannels includes carving respective modulated subchannels into return-to-zero RZ modulated subchannels having non-overlapping peaks with intensity modulators having a duty cycle less than 50%, and combining the subchannels into a single channel signal aggregating the bit rate of each of the subchannels. The subchannels are combined with a flat top optical component for increased subsequent receiver sensitivity.
Abstract:
A method includes inserting a virtual circuit connectivity verification packet into aggregated traffic of m packets transmitted over multiple pseudowires in a network path, replying to the transmitted m packets with a virtual circuit connectivity verification packet with a packet loss indication when at least one packet loss is detected in an m packet group, and adjusting a rate of transmitting the aggregated m packets responsive to the packet loss indication. In the preferred embodiment the multiple pseudowires are one of constant bit rate and variable bit rate and the adjusting of the rate includes rate adjustment of variable bit rate pseudowires.
Abstract:
A switching control method capable of continuously providing power is utilized for a power supply system having a first power supply unit and a second power supply unit. The switching control method includes generating a first input signal and a second input signal; performing a logical operation process on the first input signal and the second input signal to generate a first control signal; delaying the second input signal for a delay time to generate a second control signal; controlling a coupling relationship between the first power supply unit and a load according to the first control signal; and controlling a coupling relationship between the second power supply unit and the load according to the second control signal.
Abstract:
Arbitrarily high data transmission rates may be achieved by the use of N-dimensional, LDPC-coded modulation. N orthonormal basis functions are employed using coherent reception, resulting in a proportional increase in transmission rate with only a modest increase in bit-error ratio.
Abstract:
An annealing method includes performing an activation annealing on a wafer with a peak temperature of greater than about 1200° C., wherein the activation annealing has a first duration; and performing a defect-recovery annealing on the wafer at a defect-recovery temperature lower than the peak temperature for a second duration. The second duration is longer than the first duration. The annealing method includes no additional annealing steps at temperatures greater than about 1200° C., and no room-temperature cooling step exists between the activation annealing and the defect-recovery annealing.
Abstract:
A card connector includes an insulating housing defining a receiving room for receiving an electronic card, a cover coupled on the insulating housing, and a monitoring member having a base plate disposed in the insulating housing, a monitoring means extending along the insertion direction of the card, and a connecting arm perpendicularly connecting the monitoring means to the base plate. The connecting arm is inclined upward into the receiving room to make the monitoring means locate in the receiving room. One end of the monitoring means is higher than the other end thereof for electrically abutting against the cover, wherein the lower end of the monitoring means is adapted for being pressed downward by the card to make the connecting arm move downward and further make the upper end thereof disconnect from the cover so as to monitor whether the card is fully inserted in the card connector or not.
Abstract:
A laser apparatus with all optical-fiber includes a plurality of pumping light sources in different wave bands and an optical-fiber laser system. The optical-fiber laser system includes an optical fiber at least doped with erbium (Er) element and doped with or not doped with ytterbium (Yb) element according to a need. The optical-fiber laser system outputs a laser light through the pumping light source.