公开(公告)号：US20160244349A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-25

申请号：US15041977

申请日：2016-02-11

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Maximus G. St. John ,  Steven Lam ,  Prakash Narayan Govindan

IPC: C02F9/00 ,  B01D24/00 ,  C02F1/42 ,  B01D25/12 ,  B01D21/00 ,  B01D29/78 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/66 ,  B01D29/11

CPC classification number: C02F9/00 ,  B01D21/00 ,  C02F1/048 ,  C02F1/10 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/283 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/463 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/56 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F5/02 ,  C02F2101/12 ,  C02F2101/32 ,  C02F2101/322 ,  C02F2103/06 ,  C02F2103/10 ,  C02F2103/18 ,  C02F2103/24 ,  C02F2103/28 ,  C02F2103/365 ,  C02F2303/22 ,  Y02A20/128

Abstract: Water treatment systems and associated methods are generally described. Certain embodiments of the water treatment systems and methods described herein may be used to treat water comprising one or more contaminants (e.g., oil, grease, suspended solids, scale-forming ions, volatile organic material) to remove at least a portion of the one or more contaminants. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the treated water may be used directly in certain applications (e.g., oil and/or gas extraction processes). In some embodiments, at least a portion of the treated water may undergo desalination to produce substantially pure water and/or concentrated brine.

Abstract translation: 通常描述水处理系统和相关方法。 本文所述的水处理系统和方法的某些实施方案可以用于处理包含一种或多种污染物（例如油，油脂，悬浮固体，鳞屑形成离子，挥发性有机材料）的水以除去至少一部分 或更多的污染物。 在一些实施方案中，处理水的至少一部分可以直接用于某些应用（例如油和/或气体萃取方法）。 在一些实施方案中，处理过的水的至少一部分可以进行脱盐以产生基本上纯的水和/或浓缩的盐水。

公开(公告)号：US20160229705A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-11

申请号：US14719299

申请日：2015-05-21

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Maximus G. St. John ,  Steven Lam ,  Prakash Narayan Govindan

IPC: C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/24

CPC classification number: C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/004 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/283 ,  C02F1/40 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/463 ,  C02F1/5236 ,  C02F1/56 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C02F11/122 ,  C02F2101/10 ,  C02F2101/32 ,  C02F2103/10 ,  C02F2303/22

Abstract: Water treatment systems and associated methods are generally described. Certain embodiments of the water treatment systems and methods described herein may be used to treat water comprising one or more contaminants (e.g., oil, grease, suspended solids, scale-forming ions, volatile organic material) to remove at least a portion of the one or more contaminants. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the treated water may be used directly in certain applications (e.g., oil and/or gas extraction processes). In some embodiments, at least a portion of the treated water may undergo desalination to produce substantially pure water and/or concentrated brine.

Abstract translation: 通常描述水处理系统和相关方法。 本文所述的水处理系统和方法的某些实施方案可以用于处理包含一种或多种污染物（例如油，油脂，悬浮固体，鳞屑形成离子，挥发性有机材料）的水以除去至少一部分 或更多的污染物。 在一些实施方案中，处理水的至少一部分可以直接用于某些应用（例如油和/或气体萃取方法）。 在一些实施方案中，处理过的水的至少一部分可以进行脱盐以产生基本上纯的水和/或浓缩的盐水。

公开(公告)号：US20160137526A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-19

申请号：US14943467

申请日：2015-11-17

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Prakash Narayan Govindan ,  Steven Lam ,  Maximus G. St. John ,  Jonn-Ross Andrews

IPC: C02F1/04 ,  C02F5/02

CPC classification number: C02F1/042 ,  B01D1/0041 ,  B01D1/0082 ,  B01D3/00 ,  B01D3/346 ,  B01D5/006 ,  C02F1/041 ,  C02F1/048 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/445 ,  C02F5/02 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2305/00 ,  Y02A20/128 ,  Y02A20/131

Abstract: Selective scaling in water treatment systems in which desalination is performed is generally described. According to certain embodiments, the location of the formation of solid scale within a water treatment system is controlled by adjusting one or more system parameters, such as the temperature and/or flow velocity of a saline stream within the water treatment system.

公开(公告)号：US20150130093A1

公开(公告)日：2015-05-14

申请号：US14538619

申请日：2014-11-11

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Prakash Narayan Govindan ,  Steven Lam ,  Maximus G. St. John

IPC: B01D5/00 ,  C02F1/04

CPC classification number: B01D5/006 ,  B01D1/14 ,  B01D3/225 ,  B01D5/0003 ,  B01D5/003 ,  B01D5/0075 ,  B01F3/04 ,  B01F3/04078 ,  B01F3/04106 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/048 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  F24F6/12 ,  Y02A20/128 ,  Y02W10/37

Abstract: Condensing apparatuses and their use in various heat and mass exchange systems are generally described. The condensing apparatuses, such as bubble column condensers, may employ a heat exchanger positioned external to the condensing vessel to remove heat from a bubble column condenser outlet stream to produce a heat exchanger outlet stream. In certain cases, the condensing apparatus may also include a cooling device positioned external to the vessel configured and positioned to remove heat from the heat exchanger outlet stream to produce a cooling device outlet stream. The condensing apparatus may be configured to include various internal features, such as a vapor distribution region and/or a plurality of liquid flow control weirs and/or chambers within the apparatus having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5. A condensing apparatus may be coupled with a humidifier to form part of a desalination system, in certain cases.

公开(公告)号：US20230415068A1

公开(公告)日：2023-12-28

申请号：US18461911

申请日：2023-09-06

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Prakash Narayan Govindan ,  Steven Lam ,  Maximus G. St. John

IPC: B01D5/00 ,  B01D1/14 ,  B01D3/22 ,  C02F1/04 ,  B01F23/20 ,  B01F23/21 ,  B01F23/231 ,  F24F6/12

CPC classification number: B01D5/006 ,  B01D1/14 ,  B01D3/225 ,  C02F1/048 ,  B01F23/20 ,  B01F23/214 ,  B01F23/231 ,  C02F1/04 ,  B01D5/003 ,  B01D5/0075 ,  F24F6/12 ,  B01D5/0003 ,  Y02W10/37 ,  Y02A20/124 ,  C02F2103/08

Abstract: Condensing apparatuses and their use in various heat and mass exchange systems are generally described. The condensing apparatuses, such as bubble column condensers, may employ a heat exchanger positioned external to the condensing vessel to remove heat from a bubble column condenser outlet stream to produce a heat exchanger outlet stream. In certain cases, the condensing apparatus may also include a cooling device positioned external to the vessel configured and positioned to remove heat from the heat exchanger outlet stream to produce a cooling device outlet stream. The condensing apparatus may be configured to include various internal features, such as a vapor distribution region and/or a plurality of liquid flow control weirs and/or chambers within the apparatus having an aspect ratio of at least 1.5. A condensing apparatus may be coupled with a humidifier to form part of a desalination system, in certain cases.

公开(公告)号：US11629072B2

公开(公告)日：2023-04-18

申请号：US17270142

申请日：2019-08-22

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Richard Stover ,  Looh Tchuin Choong ,  Maximus G. St. John ,  Prakash Narayan Govindan

IPC: B01D61/02 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F103/08

Abstract: Liquid solution concentration systems, and related methods, are generally described. In some embodiments, the system is an osmotic system comprising a plurality of osmotic modules. For example, the osmotic system can comprise a feed osmotic module configured to produce an osmotic module retentate outlet stream having a higher concentration of solute than the retentate inlet stream transported to the feed osmotic module. The osmotic system can also comprise an isolation osmotic module fluidically connected to the feed osmotic module. The osmotic system can also optionally comprise a purification osmotic module fluidically connected to the feed osmotic module and/or the isolation osmotic module. Certain embodiments are related to altering the degree to which the feed osmotic module retentate outlet stream is recycled back to the retentate-side inlet of the feed osmotic module during operation. Additional embodiments are related to the manner in which the retentate-side effluent from the isolation osmotic module is distributed among the system modules during operation.

公开(公告)号：US20220168664A1

公开(公告)日：2022-06-02

申请号：US17516078

申请日：2021-11-01

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Steven Lam ,  Maximus G. St. John ,  Prakash Narayan Govindan

IPC: B01D3/16 ,  C02F1/52 ,  B01D3/34 ,  C02F7/00

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to hybrid desalination systems and associated methods. The hybrid desalination system can comprise a first desalination unit comprising a reverse osmosis unit and a second desalination unit fluidically connected to the first desalination unit, wherein the second desalination unit comprises a humidification-dehumidification desalination apparatus. The present disclosure is also related to systems and methods for the formation of solid salts using a humidifier. According to certain embodiments, the flow velocity of a gas in the humidifier can be relatively high during the formation of the solid salt. In some embodiments, the humidifier comprises a multi-stage bubble column humidifier.

公开(公告)号：US11052326B2

公开(公告)日：2021-07-06

申请号：US16882608

申请日：2020-05-25

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Prakash Narayan Govindan ,  Maximus G. St. John ,  Karim M. Chehayeb ,  Steven Lam

IPC: B01F3/04 ,  C02F1/26 ,  B01D3/42 ,  F28F27/00 ,  F28B1/02 ,  F28C1/02 ,  C02F1/00 ,  B01D3/16 ,  C02F1/10 ,  F28B5/00 ,  F28D21/00 ,  B01D3/34 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F103/08 ,  C02F103/10

Abstract: A counter-flow simultaneous heat and mass exchange device is operated by directing flows of two fluids into a heat and mass exchange device at initial mass flow rates where ideal changes in total enthalpy rates of the two fluids are unequal. At least one of the following state variables in the fluids is measured: temperature, pressure and concentration, which together define the thermodynamic state of the two fluid streams at the points of entry to and exit from the device. The mass flow rate of at least one of the two fluids is changed such that the ideal change in total enthalpy rates of the two fluids through the device are brought closer to being equal.

公开(公告)号：US10981082B2

公开(公告)日：2021-04-20

申请号：US16382307

申请日：2019-04-12

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Prakash Narayan Govindan ,  Maximus G. St. John ,  Steven Lam

IPC: C02F1/04 ,  B01D1/14 ,  B01D5/00 ,  C02F1/10 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F103/08 ,  C02F101/32 ,  C02F1/40 ,  C02F1/52

Abstract: Embodiments described herein generally relate to humidification-dehumidification desalination systems, including apparatuses that include a vessel comprising a humidification region (e.g., a bubble column humidification region) and a dehumidification region (e.g., a bubble column dehumidification region), mobile humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination systems (e.g., systems having a relatively low height and/or a relatively small footprint), and associated systems and methods. Certain embodiments generally relate to methods of operating, controlling, and/or cleaning desalination systems comprising a plurality of desalination units (e.g., HDH desalination units).

公开(公告)号：US10688409B2

公开(公告)日：2020-06-23

申请号：US16268643

申请日：2019-02-06

Applicant: Gradiant Corporation

Inventor： Prakash Narayan Govindan ,  Maximus G. St. John ,  Karim M. Chehayeb ,  Steven Lam

IPC: B01F3/04 ,  C02F1/26 ,  B01D3/42 ,  F28F27/00 ,  F28B1/02 ,  F28C1/02 ,  C02F1/00 ,  B01D3/16 ,  C02F1/10 ,  F28B5/00 ,  F28D21/00 ,  B01D3/34 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F103/08 ,  C02F103/10

Abstract: A counter-flow simultaneous heat and mass exchange device is operated by directing flows of two fluids into a heat and mass exchange device at initial mass flow rates where ideal changes in total enthalpy rates of the two fluids are unequal. At least one of the following state variables in the fluids is measured: temperature, pressure and concentration, which together define the thermodynamic state of the two fluid streams at the points of entry to and exit from the device. The flow rates of the fluids at the points of entry and/or exit to/from the device are measured; and the mass flow rate of at least one of the two fluids is changed such that the ideal change in total enthalpy rates of the two fluids through the device are brought closer to being equal.