Abstract:
An optical system and method includes a source-free optical network unit coupled to an optical fiber for receiving an original carrier signal with downstream data over the optical fiber. The optical network unit includes a modulator configured to remodulate the original carrier signal with upstream data to produce an upstream data signal for transmission back down the optical fiber in a direction opposite to a direction in which that original carrier signal was received.
Abstract:
In a bride circuit comprising a lamp choke that might partially saturate during the ignition of the lamp, at least one of the switches is switched off when the amount of charge displaced through it in forward direction equals a predetermined value. Despite the partial paturation of the lamp choke the amplitude of the ignition voltage is thereby effectively controlled.
Abstract:
Aspects of the present invention include apparatus and methods for transmitting and receiving signals in communication systems. A multicarrier generator generates a multicarrier signal. An optical demultiplexer separates the multicarrier signal into separate multicarrier signals. At least one QPSK modulator modulates signals from the separate multicarrier signals. An optical multiplexer combines the QPSK modulated signals into a multiplexed signal. The multiplexed signal is then transmitted.
Abstract:
Techniques for optical communications using optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) include operating a signal transmitter to modulate laser light to produce modulated light that carries, in optical domain, OFDM subcarriers for carrying communication information, without a frequency guard band between the OFDM subcarriers, and pilot subcarriers for channel estimation at a signal receiver, each pilot subcarrier being free of communication information, and controlling optical power of the pilot subcarriers to vary with optical frequencies of the pilot subcarriers so that optical power of a pilot subcarrier at a high optical frequency is different from optical power of another pilot subcarrier at a low optical frequency.
Abstract:
An optical transmitter comprises: first and second sets of optical in-phase and quadrature modulators; an integrable tunable laser assembly; a first polarization beam splitter that is configured to divide the continuous-waveform optical signal into a x-polarized tributary and a y-polarized tributary, each of the x-polarized tributary and the y-polarized tributary is modulated by one of the first and second sets of optical in-phase and quadrature modulators in accordance with the two respective input signals; a second polarization beam splitter that is configured to combine the modulated x-polarized tributary and the modulated y-polarized tributary into one optical signal; and an optical modulator that is configured to modulate the combined optical signal using a driving voltage, wherein the driving voltage has a bias point that is reduced by a predefined offset from a predefined reference voltage level.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for generating sub-carriers is disclosed. Coherent optical sub-carriers with sub-carrier spacing are generated for carrying an orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signal. Multiple peaks are generated by cascading multiple phase modulators driven by different radio frequency sources.
Abstract:
A hood latch having an extra-long fishmouth for enabling a vehicle hood to deflect downwardly upon impact, such as when hit by a pedestrian in a frontal crash. To prevent this deflection when the hood is slammed shut in ordinary use, a stop lever is pivotally mounted to the latch housing. The stop lever features first and second arms defining a slot therein. One arm has a proboscis thereon and is biased to align the slot with the fishmouth, with the proboscis jutting into the fishmouth. The proboscis receives an impact from the striker and rotates the stop lever to a blocking position wherein the non-proboscis arm intercepts the striker and prevents it from reaching the bottom end of the fishmouth. In the closed position the ratchet retains the striker at an intermediate depth in the fishmouth, enabling the striker to travel toward the bottom end thereof.
Abstract:
The present method is for generating a 4-level optical signal and it includes providing a continuous wave CW optical source; modulating the CW optical source with a first intensity modulator driven by a binary electrical signal a n Gbits/s to generate an optical signal; employing a second intensity modulator as a pulse carving modulator that is driven by an RF signal at n GHz thereby generating a 4 level optical signal for subsequent detection by a receiver.
Abstract:
A method and system for generating multi-subcarriers is disclosed. Re-circulating frequency shifters—based on the frequency shifting in two cascading phase modulators—are used to generate 112 subcarriers with stable architecture since there is no direct current bias in phase modulators.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention pertain to optical wireless architecture. More particularly, certain embodiments of the invention pertain to a novel method and apparatus to generate millimeter-wave signals with simple and/or low cost architecture. Simple millimeter-wave generation and dispersion-tolerant transmission is based on photonic mixing of two free-running lightwaves and self-mixing down-conversion. More particularly, heterodyne mixing of two free run lightwaves is achieved, wherein one lightwave is modulated by an external modulator driven by electrical data as one of the side-bands of a millimeter-wave signal. Optical to electrical conversion is performed and the millimeter-wave signal is broadcasted by a high-frequency antenna to a receiving side having a local oscillator with self-mixing architecture to down-convert the radio frequency to its baseband form.