Abstract:
A storage apparatus rotates an optical recording medium at two or more kinds of rotational speeds. The rotational speed is decreased when a read or write margin becomes less than or equal to a first predetermined value or, when a frequency of generation of a servo abnormality of a tracking servo and/or a focus servo is greater than or equal to a first predetermined frequency. On the other hand, the rotational speed is increased when the read or write margin becomes greater than or equal to a second predetermined value or, when the frequency of generation of the servo abnormality of the tracking servo and/or the focus servo is less than or equal to a second predetermined frequency.
Abstract:
A communication apparatus includes a first relay destination assignment portion that assigns a first relay destination for relaying transmission data, a second relay destination assignment portion that assigns a second relay destination for transferring the transmission data from the first relay destination to the second relay destination, and a final destination assignment portion that assigns a final destination to which the transmission data are transferred from the second relay destination.
Abstract:
There is provided an optical recording medium processing apparatus comprising: a carriage including a lens to guide a light beam to a recording medium for moving in a direction extending across tracks on the recording medium; a detector for detecting a TES; and a controller for moving the carriage across the tracks from an innermost circumferential position of the medium or its vicinity, for counting the number of tracks in accordance with a TZC pulse generated by the TES having a predetermined level or higher detected by the detector, and after the carriage has been moved for a predetermined period of time, for positioning the light beam spot on a target track in accordance with the counted number of the tracks. Therefore, the initial seek control process, whereby the carriage is moved from the innermost circumferential position of the medium or its vicinity to the center, can be performed without a position sensor.
Abstract:
An optical memory apparatus has an offset inserting unit for inserting a predetermined offset to the focus error signal, and a focus servo pull-in determining unit for inserting, when the focus servo control unit executes focus servo pull-in, offset to the focus error signal, detecting level change of the focus error signal and determining success or failure of focus servo pull-in.
Abstract:
Eicosapentaenoic acid or its ester is separated and purified from a mixture containing a highly unsaturated fatty acid or its ester effectively at low cost by a process, which comprises developing the mixture by a mixed solvent of an ether solvent and a hydrocarbon solvent, using a column filled with a silica gel having a particle diameter of 1-100 micrometers.
Abstract:
A novel phosphoric acid-amino acid complex salt is provided which manifests insolubility in a neutral or alkaline aqueous solution and solubility in an acidic aqueous solution and has a basic amino acid, an alkaline earth metal, and phosphoric acid as main components thereof. An additive composition containing the complex salt and used in a feed for ruminant mammals excels in protection in the first compartment of the stomach of a ruminant mammal and solubility in the fourth compartment of the stomach. This additive composition improves the nutrition of the feed with respect to such a basic amino acid as lysine, a substance frequently missing in the feed for ruminant mammals.
Abstract:
In a traction control system, an initial engine torque for a traction control is selected from the following engine torques: an engine torque calculated from a throttle opening degree and an engine revolution-number; a required engine torque calculated from a total acceleration and a vehicle speed; and an engine torque corresponding to a road surface of an extremely low friction coefficient, depending upon a slipping state determined by comparing a driven wheel speed with slip reference values. When the driven wheel speed repeatedly exceeds the slip reference value, it is determined that a hunting has been generated, and the engine torque corresponding to the road surface of the extremely low friction coefficient is selected, and the engine torque is largely reduced. Thus, when the friction coefficient of the road surface is low, the driven wheel speed is prevented from hunting.
Abstract:
A granular additive composition for ruminant feed which stably protects a biologically active substance in the rumen of the ruminant and allows it to be effectively digested and absorbed in the digestive organs after the abomasum.
Abstract:
A recovery is promptly executed for a reading error of a track address in a modified constant angular velocity format. Upon seeking, when a defective reading operation of the track address occurs, a clock frequency of the zone corresponding to each detecting position is selected due to the detection of the head by a head position sensor or the movement of the head to a home position at which a detection signal of a home position sensor is obtained, and the reading operation is retried. Errors due to back talk noises upon reproduction are reduced. At the time of retry for the occurrence of errors due to the back talk noises, a modulation amount of a read beam from a laser diode is changed.
Abstract:
A method for determining the fully-closed state of a subsidiary throttle valve. If a stable state judging circuit judges that there is no outside influence exerted on the operational state of the engine (a state in which the vehicle is stopped and the engine is in an idling state) even if the subsidiary throttle valve is fully closed, a valve closing circuit closes the subsidiary throttle valve and a fully-closed state determination is carried out. If the opening degree of the subsidiary throttle valve or the engine revolution number is largely varied during the determination process of the fully-closed state determination circuit, a valve-closing inhibiting circuit inhibits the closing of the subsidiary throttle valve to discontinue the determination. Even if all of the conditions for determination are satisfied again, the closing of the subsidiary throttle valve and the restarting of determination by the fully-closed state determination circuit are inhibited until the comparator circuit judges that the vehicle starts traveling and vehicle speed exceeds a reference value.