摘要:
A process of the present invention for producing a hydrotreated gas oil has a step for obtaining a product oil having a total aromatic content of 3% by volume or less by hydrogenating a hydrotreated oil including 95% by volume or more of fraction having a boiling point range of 150-380° C., a sulfur content of 2-15 ppm by mass, a total aromatic content of 10-25% by volume, and a naphthene of 20-60% by volume in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst; and a step for obtaining, by hydrogenating the above-described product oil in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst containing a crystalline molecular sieve component, a product oil satisfying the conditions that the content of petroleum fraction having a boiling point range of lower than 150° C. is 16% by volume or less, and the sum of the total aromatic content and the total naphthene content is 80% or less relative to the sum of these in the hydrotreated oil.
摘要:
A muffler for efficiently reducing noise. Front side exhaust pipes and rear side exhaust pipes extend from front cylinders and rear cylinders, respectively, of a V-type water-cooled 4-cylinder engine and are operatively connected to a catalyst chamber disposed below a crankcase. The catalyst chamber is connected to an exhaust chamber located to the rear thereof in which exhaust gas is expanded. An outlet pipe laterally projects from a lateral surface of a rear end portion of the exhaust chamber and is connected to a front pipe projecting from the lateral surface of the front portion of a muffler. The front pipe is transversely inserted into the muffler to increase a cross-section ratio, thereby efficiently reducing noise.
摘要:
An increase in the span of the transmission distance is aimed at by reducing unwanted ASE generated during optical communication. A carbon nanotube is employed as a saturable absorber 15 and this saturable absorber constitutes a noise reduction apparatus that has the function of cutting off or reducing transmission of unwanted ASE or the like which is of weak signal light intensity and of allowing transmission of signal light of strong light intensity. This noise reduction apparatus is arranged for example in the transmission path of signal light of a bidirectional excitation type EDFA, more precisely the apparatus is inserted in the latter stage of the EDF 40. In this way, carbon nanotubes having a saturable absorption function can be utilized in the field of optical communication.
摘要:
A method of controlling the hydraulic pressure for an automatic transmission gear system, in which the actual rotation speed of a rotatable element during a speed shift from, for example, the 1st speed ratio to the 2nd speed ratio is detected, and the hydraulic pressure supplied to a frictional engaging element acting to change the rotation speed of the rotatable element is controlled so that the rate of change of the rotation speed of the rotatable element can converge to a predetermined change rate when the speed change rate due to the speed shift is ideal. On the other basis of the hydraulic pressure supplied to the frictional engaging element in the final state of the speed shift, the initial hydraulic pressure to be supplied to the frictional engaging element immediately after starting of the next speed shift is computed. Such a trial is repeated a plurality of times so that an automatic transmission whose operating hydraulic pressure is not primarily designed to meet the operation of an engine from the aspect of the capacity can be adapted to operate with the engine.
摘要:
This invention provides a base material comprising a plastic-containing support and, on its surface, a hydrophilic layer comprising an ethylene glycol chain (an EG chain) composed of one or more ethylene glycol units, as well as a method for producing such base material. A polysiloxane-containing primer layer is provided on the support comprising a plastic material on its surface, and the EG chain is covalently bound to a polysiloxane side chain of the primer layer. Thus, a hydrophilic layer comprising the EG chain can be provided on the surface of the plastic-containing support.
摘要:
A control system allows controlling a nuclear facility in an evacuation area. The control system includes a control device in ordinary use disposed in a non-evacuation area, an emergency control device—for emergency in the evacuation area, a plant control facility connectable to the control device—and the emergency control device, a signal switching unit that switches from a normal coupling to an emergency coupling based on an emergency switch signal, a first selector switch in the non-evacuation area, a second selector switch-in the evacuation area, an AND circuit configured to output the emergency switch signal to the signal switching unit in the case where the emergency switch signal is input from the first selector switch and the emergency switch signal is input from the second selector switch.
摘要:
A nuclear power control system includes: a safety protection apparatus which outputs a first safety mode operating signal while outputting a first unsafety mode operating signal; a CCF apparatus that outputs a second safety mode operating signal; and a signal input/output circuit that is connected to the safety protection apparatus and the CCF apparatus. The signal input/output circuit includes an OR circuit that outputs a third safety mode operating signal based on the presence or absence of an input of the first safety mode operating signal and the second safety mode operating signal; a NOT circuit that is connected to the output side of the OR circuit; and an AND circuit that outputs a third unsafety mode operating signal, and the presence and absence of an input of a first unsafety mode operating signal.
摘要:
Hydrocarbon oil obtained by Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reaction using a catalyst within a slurry bed reactor is fractionated into a distilled oil and a column bottom oil in a rectifying column, part of the column bottom oil is flowed into a first transfer line that connects a column bottom of the rectifying column to a hydrocracker, at least part of the column bottom oil is flowed into a second transfer line branched from the first transfer line and connected to the first transfer line downstream of the branching point, the amount of the catalyst fine powder to be captured is monitored while the catalyst fine powder in the column bottom oil that flows in the second transfer line are captured by a detachable filter provided in the second transfer line, and the column bottom oil is hydrocracked within the hydrocracker.
摘要:
A process for production of a lubricating base oil whereby a lubricating base oil is obtained by a first step in which a stock oil containing normal paraffins of C20 or more is subjected to isomerization reaction so that the content of the normal paraffins of C20 or more is 6-20 wt % based on the total weight of hydrocarbons of C20 or more in the obtained reaction product, a second step in which a lube-oil fraction containing hydrocarbons of C20 or more is separated from the reaction product of the first step, and a third step in which the lube-oil fraction obtained in the second step is separated into a dewaxed oil and a wax by a solvent dewaxing treatment.
摘要:
A process for hydrotreating a naphtha fraction that includes a step of estimating the difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature, based on the reaction temperature of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction and the ratio of the flow rate of the treated naphtha fraction returned to the naphtha fraction hydrotreating step relative to the flow rate of the treated naphtha fraction discharged from the naphtha fraction hydrotreating step, a step of measuring the difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature, and a step of adjusting the reaction temperature of the naphtha fraction hydrotreating step so that the measured difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature becomes substantially equal to the estimated difference between the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor outlet temperature and inlet temperature.