公开(公告)号：US5742117A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-21

申请号：US317299

申请日：1994-10-03

申请人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  David L. Morris

发明人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  David L. Morris

IPC分类号： H01J9/18 ,  H01J9/24 ,  H01J17/49 ,  H01J29/02 ,  H01J29/08 ,  H01J29/46 ,  H01J29/86 ,  H01J31/12 ,  H01J61/30 ,  H01J19/44

CPC分类号： H01J9/185 ,  H01J29/028 ,  H01J29/085 ,  H01J29/467 ,  H01J29/864 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J61/30 ,  H01J9/242 ,  H01J2329/863 ,  H01J2329/864 ,  H01J2329/8645 ,  H01J2329/8655

摘要： A flat panel apparatus includes a faceplate with a backplate interior side, a backplate with a backplate interior side, and sidewalls positioned between the faceplate and backplate, all in combination forming an enclosed sealed envelope. At least one spacer is positioned in the envelope. The spacer includes a spacer backplate face, with a periphery, and it is positioned adjacent to the backplate interior side. The spacer also includes a spacer faceplate face, with a periphery, and it is positioned adjacent to the faceplate interior side. A first conductive layer, metallization, is applied to substantially cover the entire spacer backplate face to its periphery. A second conductive layer, metallization, is applied to substantially cover the entire spacer faceplate face to its periphery. A plurality of spacers can be positioned in the sealed envelope, and the spacers can be in the form of walls, posts, or wall segments. In place of the conductive layers at the faces, each spacer can include a plurality of electrodes that extend along spacer sidewalls. In this embodiment, the spacer has a sidewall electrode that is positioned sufficiently close to each face surface as to create good ohmic contact between the face surface and the respective faceplate or backplate interior side.

摘要翻译： 平板装置包括具有背板内侧的面板，具有背板内侧的背板和位于面板和背板之间的侧壁，所有组合形成封闭密封的外壳。 至少一个间隔物定位在信封中。 间隔件包括具有周边的隔离物背板面，并且其邻近背板内侧定位。 间隔件还包括具有周边的间隔件面板面，并且其定位成与面板内侧相邻。 施加第一导电层，金属化，以基本上将整个间隔物背板面覆盖到其周边。 施加第二导电层，金属化，以基本上将整个间隔件面板面覆盖到其周边。 多个间隔件可以定位在密封的外壳中，并且间隔件可以是壁，柱或壁段的形式。 代替表面处的导电层，每个间隔物可以包括沿间隔壁侧壁延伸的多个电极。 在该实施例中，间隔件具有侧壁电极，该侧壁电极定位成与每个面表面充分接近，以在面部表面和相应的面板或背板内侧之间产生良好的欧姆接触。

公开(公告)号：US5607335A

公开(公告)日：1997-03-04

申请号：US269311

申请日：1994-06-29

申请人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  John M. Macaulay

发明人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  John M. Macaulay

IPC分类号： H01J9/02

CPC分类号： H01J9/025

摘要： An electron emitter suitable for a flat-panel CRT display is fabricated by a process in which charged particles are passed through a track layer (144) to create charged-particle tracks (146.sub.1). The track layer is etched along the tracks to form apertures (148.sub.1) that are employed in defining corresponding cap regions (150A) over an underlying emitter layer (142). After removing the track layer, part of the emitter layer is removed using the cap regions as masks to control the extent of the emitter material removed. Electron-emissive elements (142D), typically in the shape of cones, are thereby formed in the remainder (142C) of the emitter layer. The electron emitter can also be provided with a gate electrode (158C).

摘要翻译： 适用于平板CRT显示器的电子发射器通过使带电粒子通过轨道层（144）以形成带电粒子轨迹（1461）的工艺来制造。 沿着轨道蚀刻轨道层以形成用于在下面的发射极层（142）上方限定对应的盖区域（150A）的孔（1481）。 在去除轨道层之后，使用盖区域作为掩模去除部分发射极层，以控制去除发射极材料的程度。 因此，在发射极层的其余部分（142C）中形成通常为锥体形状的电子发射元件（142D）。 电子发射体也可以设置有栅电极（158C）。

公开(公告)号：US5552659A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-03

申请号：US269312

申请日：1994-06-29

申请人： John M. Macaulay ,  Christopher J. Spindt ,  Patrick A. Corcoran ,  Lee H. Veneklasen

发明人： John M. Macaulay ,  Christopher J. Spindt ,  Patrick A. Corcoran ,  Lee H. Veneklasen

IPC分类号： H01J3/02 ,  H01J1/02

CPC分类号： H01J3/022 ,  H01J2201/30403 ,  H01J2201/30457 ,  H01J2329/00

摘要： An electron emitter contains a gate layer (38), an underlying dielectric layer (36), an intermediate non-insulating layer (34) situated below the dielectric layer, and a lower non-insulating region (32) situated below the intermediate non-insulating layer. A multiplicity of electron-emissive particles (42) are situated over the non-insulating region at the bottom of an opening (40) extending through the three layers. The ratio of the thickness of the dielectric layer to the thickness of the intermediate non-insulating layer is in the range of 1:1 to 4:1, while the ratio of the mean diameter of the opening to the thickness of the intermediate non-insulating layer is in the range 1:1 to 10:1. The presence of the intermediate non-insulating layer improves the collimation of the beam of electrons emitted from the electron-emissive elements. The electron emitter is manufactured according to a simple, readily controllable process.

摘要翻译： 电子发射器包括栅极层（38），下面的介电层（36），位于电介质层下面的中间非绝缘层（34）和位于中间非绝缘层下面的下部非绝缘区域（32） 绝缘层。 多个电子发射颗粒（42）位于延伸穿过三层的开口（40）底部的非绝缘区域的上方。 介电层的厚度与中间非绝缘层的厚度之比在1：1至4：1的范围内，而开口的平均直径与中间非绝缘层的厚度之比 绝缘层的范围为1：1至10：1。 中间非绝​​缘层的存在改善了从电子发射元件发射的电子束的准直。 电子发射器是根据简单易操控制造的。

公开(公告)号：US4864462A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-05

申请号：US269748

申请日：1988-11-08

申请人： Marc Madou ,  Arden Sher ,  Christopher J. Spindt

发明人： Marc Madou ,  Arden Sher ,  Christopher J. Spindt

IPC分类号： G01N27/02 ,  G01N27/00 ,  G01N27/22 ,  G01N27/414

CPC分类号： G01N27/227

摘要： Gas species are detected with a capacitor having a solid, ionic dielectric excited by an AC voltage in the ramp from 0.01-30 Hz, with an amplitude of 1-100 millivolts to allow physisorption processes and/or with an AC voltage in the same frequency range and amplitudes from 0.01-3 volts to achieve chemisorption reactions. The AC impedance of the capacitor is detected for both physisorption and chemisorption excitation to determine gas species and concentration. In chemisorption, diode like action occurs, and is detected by AC harmonic detection processes. The surface of the dielectric on which the gas is incident is overlaid with a grid or porous electrode, fabricated of inert metal or a catalyst which causes the capacitor to enable preferential adsorption by the dielectric of certain materials, to indicate the presence of certain gases. Plural capacitors, having different absorption characteristics in response to different gases facilitates detection of plural gases. The dielectric is a rare earth fluoride, preferably lanthanum fluoride. The AC impedance of the capacitor provides the specie and concentration indications.

摘要翻译： 用电容器检测气体物质，该电容器具有由0.01-30Hz的斜坡中的AC电压激发的固体离子电介质，振幅为1-100毫伏，以允许物理吸附过程和/或以相同频率的AC电压 范围和幅度从0.01-3伏特到达到化学吸附反应。 检测电容器的交流阻抗，用于物理吸附和化学吸附激发，以确定气体种类和浓度。 在化学吸附中，发生二极管状作用，并通过AC谐波检测过程进行检测。 气体入射的电介质的表面覆盖有由惰性金属或催化剂制成的栅极或多孔电极，该电极或电极使电容器能够通过某些材料的电介质优先吸附，以指示某些气体的存在。 响应于不同气体具有不同吸收特性的多个电容器便于检测多种气体。 电介质是稀土氟化物，优选氟化镧。 电容器的交流阻抗提供了种类和浓度指示。

公开(公告)号：US06722935B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-20

申请号：US09895531

申请日：2001-06-29

申请人： James C. Dunphy ,  Christopher J. Spindt

发明人： James C. Dunphy ,  Christopher J. Spindt

IPC分类号： H01J924

CPC分类号： H01J29/467 ,  H01J9/185 ,  H01J9/242 ,  H01J29/028 ,  H01J29/864 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J2329/864 ,  H01J2329/8645 ,  H01J2329/865 ,  H01J2329/8655 ,  H01J2329/8665

摘要： In a flat-panel display structure having a spacer with laterally segmented face electrodes, one embodiment of the present invention defines the length of the laterally segmented face electrode sections to minimize zero current shift variation in electron trajectories. Advantageously, the present embodiment of the invention prevents image quality degradation. In one embodiment, values for variation in the uniformity of and dicing tolerance are combined to calculate a design optimum for the length of laterally segmented face electrodes. Zero current shift variation from fluctuations in wall resistance falls off with the length of laterally segmented face electrodes. Zero current shift due to first order angular alignment during dicing varies linearly with the dashed electrode length. In one embodiment of the present invention, an optimal value is calculated by combining these effects to minimize zero current shift. Advantageously, in one embodiment, the electrode segments are individually testable.

摘要翻译： 在具有具有横向分割的面电极的间隔件的平板显示器结构中，本发明的一个实施例限定了横向分割的面电极部分的长度，以最小化电子轨迹中的零电流偏移变化。 有利地，本发明的本实施例防止图像质量下降。 在一个实施例中，组合均匀度和切割公差的变化值，以计算横向分割的面电极的长度的最佳设计。 零电流偏移随壁面电阻波动的变化随着横向分段面电极的长度而下降。 在切割期间由于一阶角度对准导致的零电流偏移随虚线电极长度线性变化。 在本发明的一个实施例中，通过组合这些效应来计算最佳值以将零电流偏移最小化。 有利地，在一个实施例中，电极段是可单独测试的。

公开(公告)号：US06448708B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

申请号：US09588118

申请日：2000-05-31

申请人： Kishore K. Chakravorty ,  Swayambu Ramani ,  Stephanie J. Oberg ,  Johan Knall ,  Duane A. Haven ,  Ronald S. Besser ,  Paul J. Louris ,  Arthur J. Learn ,  Christopher J. Spindt ,  Roger W. Barton

发明人： Kishore K. Chakravorty ,  Swayambu Ramani ,  Stephanie J. Oberg ,  Johan Knall ,  Duane A. Haven ,  Ronald S. Besser ,  Paul J. Louris ,  Arthur J. Learn ,  Christopher J. Spindt ,  Roger W. Barton

IPC分类号： H01J102

CPC分类号： H01J9/025 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J9/148 ,  H01J2201/30403 ,  H01J2329/00

摘要： A flat panel display and a method for forming a flat panel display. In one embodiment, the flat panel display includes a cathodic structure which is formed within an active area on a backplate. The cathodic structure includes a emitter electrode metal composed of strips of aluminum overlain by a layer of cladding material. The use of aluminum and cladding material to form emitter electrode metal gives emitter electrode metal segments which are highly conductive due to the high conductivity of aluminum. By using a suitable cladding material and processing steps, a bond between the aluminum and the cladding material is formed which has good electrical conductivity. In one embodiment, tantalum is used as a cladding material. Tantalum forms a bond with the overlying resistive layer which has good electrical conductivity. Thus, the resulting structure has very high electrical conductivity through the aluminum layer and high conductivity into the resistive layer. Electrode structures that use resistor material, chromium-containing material, nickel and vanadium alloy, and gold are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 平板显示器和平板显示器的形成方法。 在一个实施例中，平板显示器包括形成在背板上的有效区域内的阴极结构。 阴极结构包括由覆盖材料层覆盖的铝条构成的发射极电极金属。 使用铝和包层材料形成发射极电极金属，由于铝的高导电性而导致高导电性的发射极电极金属片段。 通过使用合适的覆层材料和加工步骤，形成铝和包层材料之间的结合，其具有良好的导电性。 在一个实施例中，钽用作包层材料。 钽与具有良好导电性的上覆电阻层形成键。 因此，所得结构通过铝层具有非常高的导电性，并且在电阻层中具有高导电性。 还公开了使用电阻材料，含铬材料，镍和钒合金以及金的电极结构。

公开(公告)号：US06307325B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-23

申请号：US09493698

申请日：2000-01-28

申请人： Donald J. Elloway ,  David L. Morris ,  William J. Scannell ,  Christopher J. Spindt

发明人： Donald J. Elloway ,  David L. Morris ,  William J. Scannell ,  Christopher J. Spindt

IPC分类号： G09G310

CPC分类号： G09G3/22 ,  G09G2310/06 ,  G09G2310/066 ,  G09G2330/02 ,  H01J9/39 ,  H01J9/44 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J2209/0223

摘要： A method of removing contaminant particles in newly fabricated field emission displays. According to one embodiment of the present invention, contaminant particles are removed by a conditioning process which includes the steps of: a) driving a anode of a field emission display (FED) to a predetermined voltage; b) slowly increasing an emission current of the FED after the anode has reached the predetermined voltage; and c) providing an ion-trapping device for catching the ions and particles knocked off, or otherwise released, by emitted electrons. In this embodiment, by driving the anode to the predetermined voltage and by slowly increasing the emission current of the FED, contaminant particles are effectively removed without damaging the FED. The present invention also provides a method of operating FEDs to prevent gate-to-emitter current during turn-on and turn-off. In this embodiment, the method comprises the steps of: a) enabling the anode display screen; and, b) enabling the electron-emitters after the anode display screen is enabled. In this embodiment, by allowing sufficient time for the anode display screen to reach a predetermined voltage before the emitter is enabled, the emitted electrons will be attracted to the anode.

摘要翻译： 一种在新制造的场致发射显示器中去除污染物颗粒的方法。 根据本发明的一个实施例，污染物颗粒通过调节过程去除，包括以下步骤：a）将场致发射显示器（FED）的阳极驱动到预定电压; b）在阳极达到预定电压后，缓慢增加FED的发射电流; 以及c）提供离子捕获装置，用于捕获被发射的电子撞击或以其它方式释放的离子和颗粒。 在本实施例中，通过将阳极驱动到预定电压并且通过缓慢增加FED的发射电流，有效地去除污染物颗粒而不损坏FED。 本发明还提供了一种在开启和关断期间操作FED以防止栅极 - 发射极电流的方法。 在该实施例中，该方法包括以下步骤：a）启用阳极显示屏; 并且b）在使能阳极显示屏幕之后启用电子发射器。 在本实施例中，通过在发射极使能之前允许阳极显示屏足够的时间达到预定电压，发射的电子将被吸引到阳极。

公开(公告)号：US6107731A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US53247

申请日：1998-03-31

申请人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  John E. Field

发明人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  John E. Field

IPC分类号： H01J29/87 ,  H01J9/18 ,  H01J9/24 ,  H01J29/02 ,  H01J29/46 ,  H01J29/86 ,  H01J31/12 ,  H01J1/62

CPC分类号： H01J9/185 ,  H01J29/028 ,  H01J29/467 ,  H01J29/864 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J9/242 ,  H01J2329/864 ,  H01J2329/8645 ,  H01J2329/8655

摘要： A flat-panel display contains a pair of plate structures (40 and 42) coupled together to form a sealed enclosure. A spacer (44) is situated in the enclosure for resisting external forces exerted on the display. The spacer is formed with a main spacer portion (60), typically shaped like a wall, and a face electrode (66) situated over a face of the main spacer portion. The face electrode causes electrons moving from one of the plate structures to the other to be deflected in such a manner as to compensate for other electron deflection caused by the presence of the spacer. The face electrode is divided into multiple laterally separated segments (66.sub.1 -66.sub.N) to improve the accuracy of the compensation along the length of the spacer. In fabricating the display, a masking step is typically utilized in defining the widths of the segments of the face electrode.

摘要翻译： 平板显示器包含耦合在一起以形成密封外壳的一对板结构（40和42）。 间隔件（44）位于外壳中，用于抵抗施加在显示器上的外力。 间隔件形成有通常形成为壁的主间隔部分（60）和位于主间隔部分的表面之上的面电极（66）。 面电极导致电子从板结构中的一个移动到另一个以被偏转，以补偿由间隔物的存在引起的其他电子偏转。 面电极被分成多个横向分开的片段（661-66N），以提高沿衬垫长度的补偿精度。 在制造显示器时，通常使用掩模步骤来限定面电极的段的宽度。

公开(公告)号：US6049165A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-11

申请号：US8129

申请日：1998-01-16

申请人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  John E. Field

发明人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  John E. Field

IPC分类号： H01J9/24 ,  H01J9/18 ,  H01J29/02 ,  H01J29/08 ,  H01J29/62 ,  H01J29/86 ,  H01J29/87 ,  H01J31/12 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J29/18

CPC分类号： H01J29/085 ,  H01J29/028 ,  H01J29/864 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J2201/025 ,  H01J2329/8625 ,  H01J2329/864 ,  H01J2329/8645 ,  H01J2329/8655

摘要： A flat-panel display having a backplate structure (330), a faceplate structure (320), and a spacer (340) situated between the two plate structures is configured so that the electric potential field along the spacer approximates the potential field that would be present at the same location in free space, i.e., in the absence of the spacer, between the two plate structures. Consequently, the presence of the spacer does not significantly affect the trajectories of electrons moving from the backplate structure to the faceplate structures. Alternatively, the spacer is arranged to produce electron deflection that largely compensates for undesired electron deflection which occurs during earlier electron travel from the backplate structure to the faceplate structure. The net electron deflection is small.

摘要翻译： 配置有位于两个板结构之间的具有背板结构（330），面板结构（320）和间隔物（340）的平板显示器，使得沿着间隔物的电势场近似于将是 存在于两个板结构之间的自由空间的相同位置，即不存在间隔件的位置。 因此，间隔物的存在不会显着影响从背板结构移动到面板结构的电子的轨迹。 或者，间隔件被布置成产生电子偏转，其大大补偿了在从背板结构到面板结构的早期电子行进期间发生的不期望的电子偏转。 净电子偏转小。

公开(公告)号：US6002198A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-14

申请号：US161069

申请日：1998-09-25

申请人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  David L. Morris ,  Anthony P. Schmid ,  Yu Nan Sun

发明人： Christopher J. Spindt ,  David L. Morris ,  Anthony P. Schmid ,  Yu Nan Sun

IPC分类号： H01J29/87 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/22 ,  H01J29/02 ,  H01J29/92 ,  H01J29/96 ,  H01J31/12 ,  H01J1/62 ,  H01J1/88

CPC分类号： H01J31/123 ,  H01J29/028 ,  H01J2329/8625 ,  H01J2329/864 ,  H01J2329/8645 ,  H01J2329/8655

摘要： A flat panel display (300) contains a faceplate structure (320), a backplate structure (330) coupled to the faceplate structure, and a spacer (351 or 352) situated between the faceplate and backplate structures. The spacer is formed with material having a dielectric constant greater than 100 times the permittivity constant. The constituents of the spacer material typically include oxygen and aluminum, chromium, and titanium bonded to the oxygen. The titanium is present in the spacer at a level corresponding to approximately 4% titanium oxide by weight.

摘要翻译： 平板显示器（300）包括面板结构（320），联接到面板结构的背板结构（330）和位于面板和背板结构之间的间隔物（351或352）。 间隔物由介电常数大于介电常数常数的100倍的材料形成。 间隔材料的成分通常包括键合到氧上的氧和铝，铬和钛。 钛在间隔物中的含量相当于按重量计约4％的氧化钛。