摘要:
This invention relates to a process for the treatment of the reaction mass produced during the joint elimination of barium-containing nitrite-/nitrate-bearing carburizing salt wastes and cyanide-/cyanate-bearing wastes by ignition of the dry mixture at elevated temperatures, comprising suspending the reaction mass in water and eitherA. neutralizing the alkaline suspension obtained with concentrated nitric acid to a pH value of 6, the feed velocity of the acid and conditions of agitation being so selected that the pH value of the suspension will at no time fall below pH 6, and separating the barium carbonate,OrB. freeing the alkaline suspension obtained from barium carbonate, and neutralizing the filtrate with concentrated nitric acid to a pH value of 7.2, the feed velocity of the acid and conditions of agitation being so selected that the pH value of the suspension will at no time fall below pH 7.2, and separating the precipitated sodium bicarbonate,Concentrating the clear solutions obtained according to (a) or (b) to a water content of 10 - 20% by weight, separating precipitated sodium chloride, and evaporating the residual solution to dryness.
摘要:
Water-soluble salts of acid carboxylic acid esters of at least trivalent aliphatic or olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids or hydroxycarboxylic acids and at least trihydric aliphatic alcohols are used as builders for detergent and cleansing agents. Each hydroxylic group of the alcohol and optionally of the carboxylic acid has a carboxylic acid-molecule attached thereto.
摘要:
AN AQUEOUS BRINE CONTAINING DISSOLVED SODIUM CHLORIDE AND MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE IS CONCENTRATED TO PRODUCE SELECTIVE CRYSTALLIZATION OF SODIUM CHLORIDE IN A MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE-RICH CONCENTRATED BRINE, BY PASSING THE AQUEOUS BRINE THROUGH A VENTURI CONTACTOR FOR EVAPORATION OF WATER BY DIRECT CONTACT WITH A HIGH VELOCITY HOT GAS STREAM.
摘要:
A MULTI-STAGE DISTILLATION SYSTEM, PARTICULARLY USEFUL FOR DESALINATION OF SEA WATER, IS DESCRIBED COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF EVAPORATORS AND CONDENSERS DISPOSED AT ELEVATIONS INCREASING FROMTHE FIRST STAGE OF HIGHEST TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE TO THE LAST STAGE OF LOWEST TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE, THE FEED LIQUID BEING MOVED UPWARDLY AGAINST GRAVITY THROUGH THE EVAPORATORS BY THE ENERGY OF VAPORIZATION AND DIFFERENCE IN PRESSURE BETWEEN STAGES, AND THE COOLING LIQUID MOVING DOWNWARDLY BY GRAVITY THROUGH THE CONDENSERS AGAINST INCREASING PRESSURE. A FEED-LIQUID-LIFT SYSTEM IS DESCRIBED INCLUDING A DOWNFLOWING LIQUID COLUMN OF THE FEED LIQUID CONTINUOUSLY DRIVING A LONGER UP-FLOWING BOILING-MIXTURE COLUMN OF THE FEED LIQUID MIXED WITH VAPOR, WHILE LIQUID AT THE LOWER AND OF THE UP-FLOWING BOILING-MIXTURE COLUMN CONTINUOUSLY EFFECT A HYDRAULIC SEAL BETWEEN ADJACENT STAGES.
摘要:
Kainite immersed in brine in equilibrium converted to carnallite by cooling to about 10C. or under. Carnallite so obtained purified by cold flotation. Purified carnallite water leached to yield magnesium chloride brine and potassium chloride salt. Latter optionally converted to potassium sulfate by reaction with kainite, or by reacting the carnallite with kainite. Naturally occurring brine concentrated to precipitate principally sodium chloride, mother liquor warm concentrated to precipitate kainite, cooled under mother liquor for conversion to carnallite. A crude kainite fraction purified by warm flotation and a crude carnallite fraction purified by cold flotation reacted together to yield magnesium chloride brine and potassium sulfate salt.