Abstract:
A corona-discharge type gas flow meter includes a discharge electrode, and a split collecting electrode, the collecting electrodes are connected to input amplifiers which act as current-to-voltage converters receiving a reference signal from an integrator acting to integrate the sum of the outputs of the input amplifiers. The output of the integrator is used to control an EHT supply for the discharge. An output amplifier provides a flow signal by running the signal from one input amplifier, from a variable offset nulling signal derived via an amplifier from the integrator and a fixed offset nulling signal from a potentiometer.
Abstract:
A pick-up for measuring the velocity of a gas by ion transit time including a coupling positioned between a valve for the gas, the velocity of which is to be measured and an electrode serving to measure the transit time inside a conduit delimiting the gaseous discharge. This pick-up can be used to measure the velocity of discharge gases at the intake of the cylinders of an internal combustion motor.
Abstract:
The flow velocity or flow rate of a fluid containing electrical charges or magnetic dipoles is sensed by receiving a noise signal generated by movement of the charges or dipoles, and determining the mean frequency of the received signal.
Abstract:
A device for measuring the mass flow or flow rate of an insulating liquid which entrains ions produced by an electrode positioned in the path of the liquid flow, this electrode being brought to a certain potential with respect to at least one other electrode also arranged in the flow path.
Abstract:
A flow gauge for measuring the mass flow rate of freely flowing material, falling through a path, said flow gauge comprising a pair of sensors spaced longitudinally along the chute, the sensors being connected to a computing means for receiving the output of each sensor, where said output is a measure of the density of the flow at the location of the sensor, the computing means utilizing the output of the sensors to provide a measure of the mass flow rate, said sensors comprising a radiation source and a radiation detector in opposed relation to the source and on the other side of the flowing material from the detector, for detecting the radiation passing through the flowing material.
Abstract:
A feedback control system for controlling the flow rate of a gas which is either drawn from or introduced into an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine for the purpose of lessening pollutants in the exhaust gas. The control system is embodied either as an exhaust gas recirculation control system or a secondary air injection control system and in either case comprises an electrically operated flow control valve, a control circuit to provide a control signal to the control valve based on input signals representing the engine operating condition so as to establish an optimum flow rate, and an electrostatic type flow rate detector which has the ability of forming ions in the gas to provide a feedback signal on an electrical principle.
Abstract:
An ion discharge type gas flow meter with an impedance control determining the total discharge current includes a humidity compensation circuit which varies the impedance control to compensate for changes in humidity.
Abstract:
There is described a meter for the flow rate or the speed of a gas stream, by converting an electric potential metering, which comprises a pair of so-called outer tubular electrodes connected to an electric voltage source and through which the gas stream will pass, said electrode pair forming with a common electrode two series-connected electric fields, as well as an ion source which is located inside the one electrode while the common electrode is connected to a measuring circuit responsive to the potential of said electrode, in which both outer electrodes are arranged on either side and with a spacing relative to the common electrode which is also a tube-like shape.
Abstract:
Apparatus for measuring the mass flow of a fluid comprises a first ionizing electrode which, in use, is located in the path of fluid flow and, when energized, ionizes said fluid. A second substantially cylindrical, hollow collector electrode extends around said first electrode so that, in use, the ions produced by the first electrode migrate to the second electrode. The second electrode includes a plurality of conductive rings which are spaced apart in the direction of fluid flow and insulating material is interposed between adjacent rings, but is arranged so as not to be exposed to the ions migrating to the rings in use. Means is responsive to the amount of ion migration to the various conductive rings for measuring the displacement of the ions by the fluid flowing past the electrodes, the displacement being dependent upon the mass flow of the fluid.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a down hole logging tool featuring a neutron generator, an acoustic disturbance generator, and a radiation detection system. In the embodiment shown, an array of acoustic magnetostriction transducers is arranged about the target of a neutron accelerator. Two gamma ray sensors are separated from the accelerator target by shielding. According to the method of the invention, the underground fluid at the level of a formation is bombarded by neutrons which react with oxygen in the fluid to produce unstable nitrogen 16 particles according to the reaction O.sup.16 (n,p)N.sup.16. Acoustic pulses are communicated to the fluid, and are incident on the boundary of the borehole at the formation. The resulting net flow of fluid across the boundary is determined from radiation detection measurements of the decaying N.sup.16 particles in the fluid. A measure of the permeability of the formation is obtained from the determination of net fluid flow across the boundary.