公开(公告)号：US4389708A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-21

申请号：US180523

申请日：1980-08-25

申请人： K. Paul Baldock

发明人： K. Paul Baldock

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/243 ,  G01R15/00 ,  G01R19/02 ,  G01R35/00 ,  G08C13/00 ,  G08C19/38 ,  H02M7/155 ,  H03K5/00

CPC分类号： G01R35/005 ,  G01R19/02

摘要： A method and apparatus for enhancing the output of a log-antilog type root-mean-square (RMS) converter by correcting the RMS converter output for nonlinearities in the AC/DC transfer characteristic of the converter are disclosed. First, preselected positive and negative DC voltages near the upper and lower ends of the range of the RMS converter are applied to the RMS converter and the output of the converter is measured by a voltage measuring instrument for each applied voltage. The applied and measured voltage values are used to determine the positive and negative gain (G) and offset voltage (V.sub.0) characteristics of the RMS converter. The characteristic information is used to correct (e.g., enhance) the output of the RMS converter when AC voltages falling within the range of the converter are later applied. The same procedure is followed for each range of the RMS converter, if the RMS converter has multiple ranges. Further enhancement is provided by correcting for gain errors resulting from crest factor variations. Crest factor variation enhancement is provided by applying preselected square waves to the converter and measuring the output of the converter. The measured output voltages are utilized to determine the positive and negative gain crest factor correction constants, which are used to correct the positive and negative gain characteristics of the RMS converter.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于通过校正转换器的AC / DC传输特性中的非线性的RMS转换器输出来增强对数 - 反对数型均方（RMS）转换器的输出的方法和装置。 首先，在RMS转换器的范围的上端和下端附近的预选正，负直流电压被施加到RMS转换器，并且通过电压测量仪器对每个施加的电压测量转换器的输出。 应用和测量的电压值用于确定RMS转换器的正增益（G）和失调电压（V0）特性。 当稍后施加在转换器的范围内的AC电压时，特性信息用于校正（例如增强）RMS转换器的输出。 RMS转换器的每个范围都遵循相同的过程，如果RMS转换器有多个范围。 通过校正由波峰因数变化引起的增益误差来提供进一步的增强。 通过对转换器应用预选方波并测量转换器的输出来提供波峰因数变化增强。 测量的输出电压用于确定正和负增益波峰因数校正常数，用于校正RMS转换器的正和负增益特性。

公开(公告)号：US4321548A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-23

申请号：US107357

申请日：1979-12-26

申请人： Edmund Jeenicke ,  Winfried Klotzner ,  Peter Dilger

发明人： Edmund Jeenicke ,  Winfried Klotzner ,  Peter Dilger

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01R21/133 ,  G01R23/06 ,  H03K5/01 ,  H03K13/01

CPC分类号： G01R21/1331 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01R23/06

摘要： A nonlinear characteristic curve of a frequency-voltage converter is approximated by summing the outputs of energized ones of a plurality of either voltage or current sources. The current sources are energized and de-energized in accordance with information contained in storage elements which may, for example, be parts of a shift register, or of an addressable storage. The breaks in the characteristic curve are achieved by changing the number of energized current sources or the current supplied by at least some of the sources at time intervals Ti=1/fi, where fi are the break frequencies and where time is measured starting with the leading edge of each pulse of the pulse frequence having the frequency f.sub.x which is to be converted to a voltage. Voltage-frequency converters can be created by connecting the frequency-voltage converter into the feedback path of a converter circuit receiving a voltage U.sub.x and furnishing the frequency f.sub.x in response thereto.

摘要翻译： 频率 - 电压转换器的非线性特性曲线通过将多个电压源或电流源中的通电的输出相加来近似。 电流源根据存储元件中包含的信息通电和断电，这些信息例如可以是移位寄存器的一部分或可寻址存储器。 通过改变通电电流源的数量或由时间间隔Ti = 1 / fi提供的至少一些源的电流来实现特性曲线的中断，其中fi是断开频率，并且从 具有要转换为电压的频率fx的脉冲频率的每个脉冲的前沿。 电压 - 频率转换器可以通过将频率 - 电压转换器连接到接收电压Ux的转换器电路的反馈路径并响应于此提供频率fx来创建。

公开(公告)号：US4241303A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-23

申请号：US4012

申请日：1979-01-17

申请人： William L. Thompson

发明人： William L. Thompson

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01K7/14 ,  G01K7/25 ,  G01R15/00 ,  G01K7/10 ,  G01R15/10

CPC分类号： G01K7/14 ,  G01K7/25 ,  G01R15/005

摘要： A voltage linearization circuit for use with a resistance thermometer device or a thermocouple to produce a nearly linear output signal from a non-linear input signal. The circuit produces a voltage proportional to the square of the input voltage through the use of operational amplifiers and field-effect transistors connected in voltage dividing arrangements, and combines this second order voltage, or a reduced magnitude thereof, with the original input voltage to produce a nearly linear output signal.

摘要翻译： 一种与电阻温度计装置或热电偶一起使用以从非线性输入信号产生近似线性输出信号的电压线性化电路。 该电路通过使用连接在分压装置中的运算放大器和场效应晶体管产生与输入电压平方成比例的电压，并将该二阶电压或其减小的幅度与原始输入电压组合以产生 近似线性的输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US4184166A

公开(公告)日：1980-01-15

申请号：US929018

申请日：1978-07-28

申请人： Herbert H. Olson

发明人： Herbert H. Olson

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/04 ,  G01D9/28 ,  G07C5/12 ,  G01D9/36

CPC分类号： G07C5/12 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/04 ,  G01D9/285

摘要： Apparatus for recording and displaying a graphic representation of the operating performance of a railroad locomotive by monitoring the response of its engine to a throttle control setting. The apparatus includes a chart paper recording device driven in relation to time and a marking mechanism actuated by a governor and referenced to its balance position at normal operation of the locomotive engine. The marking mechanism includes a pair of fixed styli and a movable stylus for producing a graph on the chart paper. The pair of fixed styli produce a pair of spaced-apart parallel datum traces on the chart paper wherein the area therebetween represents the normal governor balance position for a specified throttle setting. The movable stylus actuated by the governor produces a single trace on the chart paper relative to the parallel datum traces and represents the movement of the governor as it seeks to maintain its normal balance position.

摘要翻译： 用于通过监视其发动机对节气门控制设置的响应来记录和显示铁路机车的操作性能的图形表示的装置。 该装置包括相对于时间驱动的图纸记录装置和由调速器致动并在机车发动机的正常操作下参考其平衡位置的标记机构。 标记机构包括一对固定测针和用于在图表纸上产生图形的活动触针。 一对固定的测针在图纸上产生一对间隔开的平行基准轨迹，其中其间的区域表示用于指定节气门设置的正常调速器平衡位置。 由调速器启动的可移动触控笔在图纸上相对于平行数据轨迹产生单个迹线，并表示调速器在维持其正常平衡位置时的运动。

公开(公告)号：US4169380A

公开(公告)日：1979-10-02

申请号：US813423

申请日：1977-07-06

申请人： Peter Mansfield ,  Terence Baines

发明人： Peter Mansfield ,  Terence Baines

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01D9/02 ,  G01K7/14 ,  G01K1/20

CPC分类号： G01K7/14 ,  G01D3/022 ,  G01D9/02

摘要： A display device has its input information subject to a non-linear processing in order to compensate for the non-linearity of a sensor or in order to enhance the display. The input is periodically read and after processing is converted to a time signal by means of a down counter fed with clock pulses. The time signal is used to control the dwell time of a beam of an oscilloscope or the pen lift mechanism of a chart recorder.

摘要翻译： 显示装置的输入信息经受非线性处理，以补偿传感器的非线性或为了增强显示。 周期性地读取输入，并且通过用时钟脉冲馈送的递减计数器将处理转换成时间信号。 时间信号用于控制示波器的光束或图表记录器的笔提升机构的驻留时间。

公开(公告)号：US3989382A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-02

申请号：US542997

申请日：1975-01-22

申请人： Frederick M. Kent ,  Michael Sokol

发明人： Frederick M. Kent ,  Michael Sokol

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01J1/16 ,  G01N15/06 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N33/49 ,  G01N33/16 ,  G01N21/14

CPC分类号： G01N21/272 ,  G01J1/1626 ,  G01N33/4905

摘要： A difference amplifier continuously generates a signal representing the difference between the optical densities of a platelet rich and a platelet poor sample of blood plasma. A variable gain amplifier multiplies the difference signal by a factor which is proportional to the initial difference signal. Electronic circuitry automatically determines the multiplying factor by comparing the initial difference signal to a predetermined magnitude. The multiplied difference signal is continuously recorded on a chart recorder and an optional filter circuit is provided for selectively filtering the difference signal.

摘要翻译： 差分放大器连续地产生表示血小板富集的血小板和血小板不良样品的光密度之间的差异的信号。 可变增益放大器将差分信号乘以与初始差分信号成比例的因子。 电子电路通过将初始差分信号与预定幅度进行比较来自动确定倍率。 乘法差分信号被连续记录在图表记录器上，并且提供可选的滤波电路用于选择性地滤波差分信号。

公开(公告)号：US3869004A

公开(公告)日：1975-03-04

申请号：US28286272

申请日：1972-08-22

申请人： GALLO MARIO

发明人： GALLO MARIO

IPC分类号： G01G23/37 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01G3/16 ,  G01G23/16 ,  G01G3/14

CPC分类号： G01G3/16 ,  G01G23/163

摘要： The present invention relates to a method of automatically fine adjusting balances comprising a computing instrument and digital display means, wherein the load is determined throughout the measuring range in terms of measuring units that are smaller than the units used for the indication. The object contemplated by the present invention resides in providing automatic zero adjustment in the zero range, which will permit a uniform degree of resolution for all values and identical load ranges for each value throughout the entire weighing range to be obtained. The automatic adjustment in the zero range relieves the operator of the necessity of doing more than infrequently resetting the coarse adjustment. At the same time manipulations in favour of the operator are practically impossible to carry out. The proposed method comprises first in each weighing ascertaining whether the measured value determined by the computing instrument is within the zero range and if so deducting 5 measuring units from the measured value, the result replacing a previously stored adjusting factor as a fresh adjusting factor, whereas in the alternative case the stored adjusting factor is deducted from the measured value determined by the computing instrument and the result indicated in multiples of indicating units. The invention also relates to a balance for performing this method comprising a computing instrument, digital display means, manually operable coarse adjusting means and an automatic fine adjusting means, wherein the measured load is determined by the computing instrument throughout the measuring range in measuring units that are smaller than the units in which the indication is made, characterized in that the smalles digit of the final decimal of the digital display means represents one unit of the indication, that in each measurement an adjusting factor stored in measuring units in a storage device is deducted in a first arithmetic unit preceding the computing instrument and connected to the computing instrument, from the measured value determined in the computing instrument, and that the result is indicated by the digital display means, that the value stored in said storage unit is determined by a second arithmetic unit connected through an AND-gate to the computing instrument and to a zero range circuit in such manner that whenever the measured value is within the zero range five measuring units are deducted from this measured value in said second arithmetic unit and the result used to replace the adjusting factor previously stored in the storage device.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种自动微调天平的方法，包括计算仪器和数字显示装置，其中根据小于用于指示的单位的测量单位，在整个测量范围内确定载荷。

公开(公告)号：US3868848A

公开(公告)日：1975-03-04

申请号：US28907272

申请日：1972-09-14

申请人： SENOUR DONALD A

发明人： SENOUR DONALD A

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01B7/16 ,  G01L1/22

CPC分类号： G01L1/2256

摘要： A digital indicator responsive to strain-gage inputs incorporates gage-factor adjustment by way of a dual-slope integrator operable in two modes, one of which modes entails upand-down integrations in relation to voltage references through different resistances, including a resistance which is adjustable to cause the indicator to produce a digital display of the existing gage factor, and the other of which modes entails upand-down integrations in relation to output of a strain-gage amplifier and one of the voltage references, respectively, through opposite ones of the different resistances; portable operation of the indicator is under control of an R-C and relay timing and switching network which prevents wasteful battery usages.

摘要翻译： 响应于应变计输入的数字指示器通过可在两种模式中操作的双斜率积分器结合量规因子调整，其中一种模式需要通过不同电阻与电压基准相关的上下积分，包括电阻 其可调节以使得指示器产生现有量具因数的数字显示，并且另一个模式分别涉及应变计放大器的输出和电压参考之一的上下积分， 通过相反的不同电阻; 指示灯的便携式操作受R-C和继电器定时和开关网络的控制，可防止浪费电池使用。

公开(公告)号：US3850384A

公开(公告)日：1974-11-26

申请号：US29988772

申请日：1972-10-24

申请人： INFORMATION DESIGN INC

发明人： PRIEST L

IPC分类号： G01B5/04 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G03B21/11 ,  B65H59/38 ,  G03B1/02

CPC分类号： G01B5/043 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G03B21/113

摘要： An analog computer device comprising at least one spiral pulley and a flexible cord wound on the pulley, said device having particular utility in measuring the length of coiled materials, the spiral pulley being connected to a spool or drum of coiled material and the flexible cord being connected to an indicator or control device; whereby rotation of the spiral pulley positions the indicator or control device in linear relationship to the length or amount of material wound or unwound from the spool.

摘要翻译： 一种模拟计算机装置，包括至少一个螺旋滑轮和缠绕在滑轮上的柔性绳索，所述装置在测量卷绕材料的长度方面具有特别的用途，螺旋滑轮连接到卷绕材料的卷轴或滚筒，柔性绳是 连接到指示器或控制装置; 由此螺旋滑轮的旋转将指示器或控制装置定位成与卷轴缠绕或退绕的材料的长度或数量成线性关系。

公开(公告)号：US3619777A

公开(公告)日：1971-11-09

申请号：US3619777D

申请日：1969-03-17

申请人： JACQUES TERRY

发明人： TERRY JACQUES

IPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01T1/163 ,  G08C19/00 ,  G01R7/00 ,  G01R35/04

CPC分类号： G01T1/163 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G08C19/00

摘要： Precision measuring network including a plurality of piezoelectric detectors and associated circuits and a control and calibrating apparatus including a calibrating oscillator, a measuring instrument and a control. The circuits are connected to the detectors by calibrated cables. A calibration signal from the oscillator is applied to a capacitive voltage divider constituted by the detector and cables and stray capacitances. The circuits are packaged in sealed cylindrical housings.