摘要:
An installation and a method are described for the treatment of a gas containing hydrogen sulphide, the gas (1) being washed in a first gas scrubber (5) with an alkaline wash liquid and the spent wash liquid (4) being treated in an aerobic reactor (6) with oxygen in the presence of sulphide-oxidising bacteria and the effluent (9) from the aerobic reactor (6) being re-used as wash liquid (3) and the elementary sulphur formed during the treatment with oxygen being removed from the effluent (19), the effluent (13) from which sulphur has been removed being treated in an anaerobic reactor (17) with sulphate-reducing bacteria and returned to the aerobic reactor (6). The installation and the method can also be used for simultaneous removal of SO.sub.2, COS, CS.sub.2, NH.sub.3 and HCN.
摘要:
The invention relates to a bioreactor (1) comprising a reactor vessel (41) having a mixing chamber (3) separated by a partition (44) from a reaction chamber (2) located generally above the mixing chamber (3), the mixing chamber (3) having an inlet system (4) for influent or a mixture of influent and recycled material, wherein the inlet system (4) has an outlet opening (60-64) in the mixing chamber (3). In an embodiment the partition (44) has an opening (66) forming a connection between the mixing chamber (3) and the reaction chamber (2), wherein the outlet opening (60-64) of the inlet system (4) is directed at the opening in the partition. In an embodiment the mixing chamber (3) has a skeleton for reinforcing the mixing chamber.
摘要:
Method and apparatus for the anaerobic purification of slurry which contains organic constituents. Slurry which is to be treated is fed periodically or continuously to a mixture-filled, substantially closed reactor (2), while the slurry is forcibly mixed with mixture (3) from the reactor. The mixture in the reactor is subjected to upward flow through it and to a hydrolysis process. The mixture is subjected to floatation by injection of a low-oxygen gas, such as biogas which originates from the reactor, and the floating layer of solids which is formed in the process is returned to the mixture in the reactor, while the low-particle liquid which is formed in the process is discharged as effluent.
摘要:
A process for scrubbing a gas containing hydrogen sulphide and/or carbonyl sulphide, in which the spent scrubbing liquid is treated with autotrophic sulphide-oxidizing bacteria capable of oxidizing at high pH, and elemental sulphur is obtained, the elemental sulphur is separated and the treated scrubbing liquid is recycled to the gas scrubbing step. Before recycling, the scrubbing liquid may further be treated with heterotrophic thiosulphate-oxidizing bacteria which produce polythionate which is useful for further enhancing the sulphide-scrubbing capacity of the scrubbing liquid.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for the filtration of a bioreactor liquid (10) from a bioreactor (1) with a cross-flow membrane module (20) comprising one or more membranes (40). The method comprises feeding part of the bioreactor liquid (10) to a liquid inlet (21) of the cross-flow membrane module (20), transporting the bioreactor liquid (10) through the cross-flow membrane module (20) in a cross-flow mode, and removing a retentate (12) from a liquid outlet (22) of the cross-flow membrane module (20). The cross-flow membrane module (20) is arranged to allow a liquid downward flow of the bioreactor liquid (10) through the cross-flow membrane module (20). The method further comprises providing the liquid downward flow and a downward gas flow of a gas (30) through the cross-flow membrane module (20). Fouling of the membranes is relatively good prevented or reduced in time. Further, the liquid flow may be reduced relative to conventional configurations.
摘要:
A process for the biological treatment of a spent caustic solution containing sulphides is disclosed, wherein the solution is introduced into an aerobic reactor containing sulphide-oxidising bacteria, and the sulphides are partly converted to elemental sulphur and partly to sulphate by controlling the redox potential in the reactor at a value below -300 mV (against an Ag/AgCl reference electrode), or below -97 (against a H.sub.2 reference electrode). Also disclosed is process for the biological treatment of an aqueous solution containing sulphides and/or mercaptans in an aerobic reactor, wherein the solution is treated in the presence of bacteria of the new species Methylophaga sulfidovorans.
摘要:
A process is provided for the production of hydrogen sulphide from the bacterial reduction of a mixture of a liquid and elemental sulfur with an electron donor, such as hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide or organic compounds. The bacteria may be Desulforomonas sp. (mesophilic), Desulfotomaculum KT7 (thermophilic), etc. The liquid/sulfur mixture is at a pH ranging from 5 to 9, and the liquid/sulfur mixture contacts the bacteria at a hydraulic retention time of at least 1 day. The hydrogen sulphide is stripped from the liquid medium to produce a gas containing at least 1 volume percent hydrogen sulphide.
摘要:
The invention provides a process for removing polyamine chelating agents from aqueous solutions comprising oxidising the chelating agents with oxygen in the presence of an equivalent amount of a transition metal such as iron, followed by biologically reducing the chelates in the presence of an electron donor, and optionally by membrane filtration. The biological reduction is carried out with denitrifying and/or sulphate-reducing bacteria.