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公开(公告)号：US06631265B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-07
申请号：US09742704
申请日：2000-12-20
IPC分类号： H04B116
CPC分类号： H03H11/0422 , H03J3/18
摘要： A signal having a substantially uniform spectral distribution, e.g., a flat noise signal such as a signal ground, is provided at the input of a bandpass filter such as an IF filter of a receiver circuit, to thereby produce an output signal at the output of the bandpass filter. The output signal is processed in a limiter to produce a limited signal. An average frequency of the limited signal is determined, and the bandpass filter is adjusted based on the determined average frequency. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the bandpass filter comprises a Gm-C filter having a transconductance, and the filter is adjusted by adjusting the transconductance of the Gm-C filter based on the determined average frequency. According to another aspect of the present invention, a desired center frequency for the bandpass filter is identified. A resolution and a desired confidence interval are also identified. The number of samples of the limited signal needed to achieve the identified desired resolution and confidence interval is determined based on the identified desired center frequency. An average frequency is determined by sampling the limited signal to obtain a plurality of samples, the number of the plurality of samples being at least as great as the determined number of samples of the limited signal to achieve the identified desired resolution and confidence level, and determining the average frequency from the plurality of samples. The bandpass filter is adjusted based on the determined average frequency to achieve a center frequency for the bandpass filter that is within a predetermined range with respect to the desired center frequency. Related apparatus are also discussed.
摘要翻译： 在诸如接收机电路的IF滤波器的带通滤波器的输入处提供具有基本上均匀的频谱分布的信号，例如平面噪声信号，例如信号地，从而在输出端产生输出信号 带通滤波器。 在限幅器中处理输出信号以产生有限的信号。 确定有限信号的平均频率，并且基于所确定的平均频率来调整带通滤波器。 根据本发明的一个实施例，带通滤波器包括具有跨导的Gm-C滤波器，并且通过基于确定的平均频率调整Gm-C滤波器的跨导来调节滤波器。 根据本发明的另一方面，识别了用于带通滤波器的期望中心频率。 还确定了分辨率和期望的置信区间。 基于所识别的期望中心频率来确定实现所识别的期望分辨率和置信区间所需的受限信号的采样数。 通过对受限信号进行采样以获得多个样本来确定平均频率，多个采样的数量至少等于所确定的限制信号样本的数量，以达到所识别的期望分辨率和置信度，以及 确定来自多个样本的平均频率。 基于确定的平均频率来调整带通滤波器，以实现相对于期望的中心频率在预定范围内的带通滤波器的中心频率。 还讨论了相关装置。
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公开(公告)号：US07242334B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-10
申请号：US11297336
申请日：2005-12-09
申请人： Alan R. Holden
发明人： Alan R. Holden
IPC分类号： H03M1/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/30 , H04B1/0028 , H04B1/0032
摘要： A CMOS hybrid analog-digital receiver core where filtering and gain functions are implemented in the digital domain. The analog portion of the receiver core includes standard circuits such as a low noise amplifier for receiving an RF input signal, and a mixer circuit for down-converting the RF input signal to a base band frequency signal. The analog to digital conversion function is provided by a merged ADC filter circuit having a low order filter stage and an ADC stage. The low order filter stage performs low order filtering of the base band signal to reduce dynamic range and clock requirements for subsequent analog to digital conversion the ADC stage. The two circuit stages are considered to be merged since they both consist of an interconnection of identical transconductance cells, where each transconductance cell includes a series of interconnected CMOS inverters.
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公开(公告)号：US06266522B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-24
申请号：US09018513
申请日：1998-02-04
IPC分类号： H04B116
CPC分类号： H03H11/0422 , H03J3/18
摘要： A signal having a substantially uniform spectral distribution, e.g., a flat noise signal such as a signal ground, is provided at the input of a bandpass filter such as an IF filter of a receiver circuit, to thereby produce an output signal at the output of the bandpass filter. The output signal is processed in a limiter to produce a limited signal. An average frequency of the limited signal is determined, and the bandpass filter is adjusted based on the determined average frequency. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the bandpass filter comprises a Gm-C filter having a transconductance, and the filter is adjusted by adjusting the transconductance of the Gm-C filter based on the determined average frequency. According to another aspect of the present invention, a desired center frequency for the bandpass filter is identified. A resolution and a desired confidence interval are also identified. The number of samples of the limited signal needed to achieve the identified desired resolution and confidence interval is determined based on the identified desired center frequency. An average frequency is determined by sampling the limited signal to obtain a plurality of samples, the number of the plurality of samples being at least as great as the determined number of samples of the limited signal to achieve the identified desired resolution and confidence level, and determining the average frequency from the plurality of samples. The bandpass filter is adjusted based on the determined average frequency to achieve a center frequency for the bandpass filter that is within a predetermined range with respect to the desired center frequency . Related apparatus are also discussed.
摘要翻译： 在诸如接收机电路的IF滤波器的带通滤波器的输入处提供具有基本上均匀的频谱分布的信号，例如平面噪声信号，例如信号地，从而在输出端产生输出信号 带通滤波器。 在限幅器中处理输出信号以产生有限的信号。 确定有限信号的平均频率，并且基于所确定的平均频率来调整带通滤波器。 根据本发明的一个实施例，带通滤波器包括具有跨导的Gm-C滤波器，并且通过基于确定的平均频率调整Gm-C滤波器的跨导来调节滤波器。 根据本发明的另一方面，识别了用于带通滤波器的期望中心频率。 还确定了分辨率和期望的置信区间。 基于所识别的期望中心频率来确定实现所识别的期望分辨率和置信区间所需的受限信号的采样数。 通过对受限信号进行采样以获得多个样本来确定平均频率，多个采样的数量至少等于所确定的限制信号样本的数量，以达到所识别的期望分辨率和置信度，以及 确定来自多个样本的平均频率。 基于确定的平均频率来调整带通滤波器，以实现相对于期望的中心频率在预定范围内的带通滤波器的中心频率。 还讨论了相关装置。
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公开(公告)号：US06181199B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09226478
申请日：1999-01-07
IPC分类号： H03F338
CPC分类号： H03F1/3241 , H03C3/38 , H03F2200/331 , H04L27/362 , H04L27/367
摘要： Power IQ modulation systems and methods include first and second power amplifiers, each including a signal input, a supply input and a power input. The first and second power amplifiers are preferably class-C power amplifiers. A source of first, second, third and fourth reference frequency signals is also provided. The first and second reference frequency signals are inverted relative to one another, and the third and fourth reference frequency signals are inverted relative to one another. Preferably, the first, second, third and fourth reference frequency signals are 0°, 180°, 90° and 270° phase shifted reference frequency signals, respectively. A switching system is also provided that selectively applies one of the first and second reference frequency signals to the signal input of the first power amplifier as a function of the polarity of one of the I and Q input signals. The switching system also selectively applies one of the third and fourth reference frequency signals to the signal input of the second power amplifier as a function of the polarity of the other of the I and Q input signals. A third amplifier, preferably a class-D amplifier, is responsive to the one of the I and Q input signals to supply a first variable supply voltage to the supply input of the first amplifier. A fourth amplifier, also preferably a class-D amplifier, is responsive to the other of I and Q input signals to supply a second variable supply voltage to the supply input of the second amplifier. A coupler couples the power outputs of the first and second power amplifiers to a load such as a radiotelephone antenna. Accordingly, power IQ modulation is provided that can use class-C and class-D amplifiers that are highly efficient.
摘要翻译： 功率IQ调制系统和方法包括第一和第二功率放大器，每个功率放大器包括信号输入，电源输入和功率输入。 第一和第二功率放大器优选为C类功率放大器。 还提供了第一，第二，第三和第四参考频率信号的源。 第一和第二参考频率信号相对于彼此反转，并且第三和第四参考频率信号相对于彼此反转。 优选地，第一，第二，第三和第四参考频率信号分别为0°，180°，90°和270°相移参考频率信号。 还提供一种切换系统，其选择性地将第一和第二参考频率信号中的一个作为I和Q输入信号之一的极性的函数施加到第一功率放大器的信号输入。 开关系统还根据I和Q输入信号中的另一个的极性，选择性地将第三和第四参考频率信号中的一个施加到第二功率放大器的信号输入。 第三放大器，优选D类放大器，响应于I和Q输入信号之一，以向第一放大器的电源输入端提供第一可变电源电压。 第四放大器，优选地是D类放大器，响应于I和Q输入信号中的另一个，以向第二放大器的电源输入端提供第二可变电源电压。 耦合器将第一和第二功率放大器的功率输出耦合到诸如无线电话天线之类的负载。 因此，提供了可以使用高效率的C类和D类放大器的功率IQ调制。
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公开(公告)号：US06181173B2
公开(公告)日：2001-01-30
申请号：US09164608
申请日：1998-10-01
IPC分类号： H03K1722
CPC分类号： H03K17/223
摘要： A power-on reset circuit for resetting the register values contained on an integrated circuit upon power-up of the integrated circuit. The power-on reset circuit can be implemented either internal or external to the integrated circuit. The power-on reset circuit generates a reset signal as long as the supply voltage is not in the operational range and maintains the reset signal for a certain time after the supply voltage has returned to its nominal value. The power-on reset circuit also provides accurate detection of a serious supply voltage drop and has low power consumption. The power-on reset circuit comprises a battery, a voltage-referenced switching circuit, a current source, a capacitor and a voltage buffer.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在集成电路上电时复位包含在集成电路上的寄存器值的上电复位电路。 上电复位电路可以在集成电路的内部或外部实现。 上电复位电路只要电源电压不在工作范围内就产生复位信号，并在电源电压恢复到其额定值之后将复位信号保持一定时间。 上电复位电路还提供严重的电源电压降的精确检测，并具有低功耗。 上电复位电路包括电池，电压参考开关电路，电流源，电容器和电压缓冲器。
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6.发明授权Method for correcting differential output mismatch in a passive CMOS mixer circuit 有权用于校正无源CMOS混频器电路中的差分输出失配的方法公开(公告)号：US07859270B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-28
申请号：US12493357
申请日：2009-06-29
CPC分类号： H03D7/1441 , H03D7/1433 , H03D7/1458 , H03D7/1466 , H03D2200/0047 , H03D2200/0088
摘要： A passive CMOS differential mixer circuit with a mismatch correction circuit for balancing the electrical characteristics of the two output paths. Once the output paths of the differential circuit are balanced, or matched as closely as possible, second order intermodulation product generation can be inhibited or at least reduced to acceptable levels. The mismatch correction circuit receives a digital offset signal, and generates one or more voltage signals to be selectively applied to the signal paths of the passive differential mixer circuit. The voltage signals can be adjusted back gate bias voltages applied to the bulk terminals of selected transistors to adjust their threshold voltages, or the voltage signals can be adjusted common mode voltages applied directly to a selected signal path. Since the differential mixer circuit is passive, no DC current contribution to noise is generated. The switching transistors of the mixer circuit can be maintained at minimal dimensions to reduce switching signal drive loading, resulting in lower power consumption and higher operating frequencies than if larger switching transistors were use
摘要翻译： 一种具有用于平衡两个输出路径的电气特性的失配校正电路的无源CMOS差分混频器电路。 一旦差分电路的输出路径平衡或尽可能匹配，可以抑制二阶互调乘积的产生或至少降低到可接受的水平。 失配校正电路接收数字偏移信号，并产生一个或多个电压信号以选择性地施加到无源差分混频器电路的信号路径。 电压信号可以调节施加到所选晶体管的体积端子的反向栅极偏置电压以调整其阈值电压，或者可以将电压信号调整为直接施加到选定信号路径的共模电压。 由于差分混频器电路是无源的，所以不产生直流电流对噪声的贡献。 混合器电路的开关晶体管可以保持在最小的尺寸以减少开关信号驱动负载，导致比如果使用更大的开关晶体管时更低的功耗和更高的工作频率
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7.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07509101B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-24
申请号：US10833908
申请日：2004-04-28
CPC分类号： H04B1/30 , H04B1/0475
摘要： Methods and apparatus for reducing the amount of leakage in a transmitter are disclosed. In one embodiment, a wireless transmitter is comprises: a divider providing a local oscillation (LO) signal, a plurality of mixers that receive the LO signal and receive a signal to be modulated, a summer coupled to the plurality of mixers, and a plurality of amplifiers serially coupled to the summer. The divider couples to a capacitor, a resistor, and a power supply and the resistor and the capacitor form a pole that attenuates the LO signal present on the power supply.
摘要翻译： 公开了减少发射机泄漏量的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中，无线发射机包括：提供本地振荡（LO）信号的分频器，接收所述LO信号并接收待调制的信号的多个混频器，耦合到所述多个混频器的加法器，以及多个 的放大器串联耦合到夏天。 分压器耦合到电容器，电阻器和电源，电阻器和电容器形成一个极点，可以衰减电源上存在的LO信号。
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8.发明授权Systems and methods for converting a stream of complex numbers into a modulated radio power signal 有权用于将复数流转换成调制无线电功率信号的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06201452B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09208912
申请日：1998-12-10
IPC分类号： H03C100
CPC分类号： H04L27/2071 , H03F1/0294 , H03F3/24
摘要： Modulation systems and methods can modulate a stream of complex numbers representing a desired modulation of a radio signal by representing a real part of each of the complex numbers in a stream of complex numbers representing a desired modulation of a radio signal, as a plurality of first digits of decreasing numerical significance and representing an imaginary part of each of the complex numbers as a plurality of second digits of decreasing numerical significance. A respective one of the first digits and a respective one of the second digits of like numerical significance are grouped to form a plurality of phase control symbols. A respective phase control symbol is then used to control the phase of an output signal at the radio carrier frequency from a respective one of the plurality of power amplifiers. Each of the power amplifiers provides an output power level that is related to the numerical significance of the first and second digits that form the associated phase control symbol. The output power levels of the plurality of power amplifiers are combined to thereby form the modulated radio power signal.
摘要翻译： 调制系统和方法可以通过将表示无线电信号的期望调制的复数流中的每个复数的实数部分表示为多个第一数据来调制表示无线电信号的期望调制的复数流 数字值减小的数值，并将每个复数的虚部表示为具有递减数值含义的多个第二数字。 第一数字中的相应一个和具有相似数值含义的第二数字的相应一个被分组以形成多个相位控制符号。 然后使用相应的相位控制符号来控制来自多个功率放大器中的相应一个的无线电载波频率处的输出信号的相位。 每个功率放大器提供与形成相关联的相位控制符号的第一和第二数字的数值意义相关的输出功率电平。 多个功率放大器的输出功率电平被组合从而形成调制无线电功率信号。
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9.发明申请SYSTEM FOR REDUCING SECOND ORDER INTERMODULATION PRODUCTS FROM DIFFERENTIAL CIRCUITS 有权用于减少不同电路中的第二订单间隔产品的系统公开(公告)号：US20090261887A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-22
申请号：US12493357
申请日：2009-06-29
IPC分类号： G06G7/12
CPC分类号： H03D7/1441 , H03D7/1433 , H03D7/1458 , H03D7/1466 , H03D2200/0047 , H03D2200/0088
摘要： A passive CMOS differential mixer circuit with a mismatch correction circuit for balancing the electrical characteristics of the two output paths. Once the output paths of the differential circuit are balanced, or matched as closely as possible, second order intermodulation product generation can be inhibited or at least reduced to acceptable levels. The mismatch correction circuit receives a digital offset signal, and generates one or more voltage signals to be selectively applied to the signal paths of the passive differential mixer circuit. The voltage signals can be adjusted back gate bias voltages applied to the bulk terminals of selected transistors to adjust their threshold voltages, or the voltage signals can be adjusted common mode voltages applied directly to a selected signal path. Since the differential mixer circuit is passive, no DC current contribution to noise is generated. The switching transistors of the mixer circuit can be maintained at minimal dimensions to reduce switching signal drive loading, resulting in lower power consumption and higher operating frequencies than if larger switching transistors were use
摘要翻译： 一种具有用于平衡两个输出路径的电气特性的失配校正电路的无源CMOS差分混频器电路。 一旦差分电路的输出路径平衡或尽可能匹配，可以抑制二阶互调乘积的产生或至少降低到可接受的水平。 失配校正电路接收数字偏移信号，并产生一个或多个电压信号以选择性地施加到无源差分混频器电路的信号路径。 电压信号可以调节施加到所选晶体管的体积端子的反向栅极偏置电压以调整其阈值电压，或者可以将电压信号调整为直接施加到选定信号路径的共模电压。 由于差分混频器电路是无源的，所以不产生直流电流对噪声的贡献。 混合器电路的开关晶体管可以保持在最小的尺寸以减少开关信号驱动负载，导致比如果使用更大的开关晶体管时更低的功耗和更高的工作频率
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10.发明授权System for reducing second order intermodulation products from differential circuits 有权用于从差分电路减少二阶互调产物的系统公开(公告)号：US07554380B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US11298667
申请日：2005-12-12
IPC分类号： G06G7/16
CPC分类号： H03D7/1441 , H03D7/1433 , H03D7/1458 , H03D7/1466 , H03D2200/0047 , H03D2200/0088
摘要： A passive CMOS differential mixer circuit with a mismatch correction circuit for balancing the electrical characteristics of the two output paths. Once the output paths of the differential circuit are balanced, or matched as closely as possible, second order intermodulation product generation can be inhibited or at least reduced to acceptable levels. The mismatch correction circuit receives a digital offset signal, and generates one or more voltage signals to be selectively applied to the signal paths of the passive differential mixer circuit. The voltage signals can be adjusted back gate bias voltages applied to the bulk terminals of selected transistors to adjust their threshold voltages, or the voltage signals can be adjusted common mode voltages applied directly to a selected signal path. Since the differential mixer circuit is passive, no DC current contribution to noise is generated. The switching transistors of the mixer circuit can be maintained at minimal dimensions to reduce switching signal drive loading, resulting in lower power consumption and higher operating frequencies than if larger switching transistors were used.
摘要翻译： 一种具有用于平衡两个输出路径的电气特性的失配校正电路的无源CMOS差分混频器电路。 一旦差分电路的输出路径平衡或尽可能匹配，可以抑制二阶互调乘积的产生或至少降低到可接受的水平。 失配校正电路接收数字偏移信号，并产生一个或多个电压信号以选择性地施加到无源差分混频器电路的信号路径。 电压信号可以调节施加到所选晶体管的体积端子的反向栅极偏置电压以调整其阈值电压，或者可以将电压信号调整为直接施加到选定信号路径的共模电压。 由于差分混频器电路是无源的，所以不产生直流电流对噪声的贡献。 混合电路的开关晶体管可以维持在最小的尺寸以减少开关信号驱动负载，导致比使用更大的开关晶体管时更低的功耗和更高的工作频率。
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