公开(公告)号：US08567226B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-29

申请号：US12246492

申请日：2008-10-06

申请人： Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： B21D37/18 ,  B21B45/02 ,  B21K5/20

CPC分类号： B21D22/02 ,  B21D37/18 ,  B21D37/20

摘要： A die for use in a sheet metal forming process includes a die material having a surface. A plurality of depressions is formed in a predetermined portion of the surface, where each of the plurality of depressions has a predetermined diameter and depth. Interaction of a surface of a sheet metal blank with i) the plurality of depressions, and ii) a solid forming lubricant, including particles of an average predetermined size and distribution, disposed on one of the die material surface or the sheet metal blank surface substantially reduces adhesion between the sheet metal blank surface and the die material surface during the sheet metal forming process.

摘要翻译： 用于钣金成型工艺的模具包括具有表面的模具材料。 多个凹部形成在表面的预定部分中，其中多个凹陷中的每一个具有预定的直径和深度。 钣金坯料的表面与i）多个凹陷相互作用，和ii）固体成形润滑剂，包括平均预定尺寸和分布的颗粒，基本上位于模具材料表面或金属板坯表面之一上 在金属板成形过程中减少了金属板坯表面和模具材料表面之间的粘合性。

公开(公告)号：US08297091B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-30

申请号：US12477180

申请日：2009-06-03

申请人： Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： B21B45/02

CPC分类号： B21D26/021 ,  B21D37/16 ,  C03C3/115 ,  C03C8/02 ,  C03C8/14 ,  C10M103/00 ,  C10M2201/0613 ,  C10M2201/062 ,  C10M2201/0623 ,  C10M2201/082 ,  C10M2201/0873 ,  C10M2201/102 ,  C10M2201/12 ,  C10N2220/082 ,  C10N2240/402 ,  C10N2240/404 ,  C10N2240/407 ,  C10N2250/121 ,  C23D5/00 ,  Y10T428/24372 ,  C10N2210/08 ,  C10N2210/02 ,  C10N2210/05 ,  C10N2210/04 ,  C10N2210/01

摘要： In one embodiment, a substrate, for example a tool used in hot metalforming operations, is coated with an enamel nanoparticulate graded coating. The nanoparticles in the coating may be boron nitride nanoparticles. The coating may include a first portion adjacent a surface of the substrate, and a second portion adjacent the first portion. The first portion of the coating may have a lower volume fraction of nanoparticles than the second portion. The first portion has excellent adhesion to the surface of the substrate, and the second portion reduces friction and wear. The coated tool may be formed by applying at least one layer of a coating mixture to a surface of the tool and heating the coating mixture. A metal workpiece may be formed into an article by contacting the metal workpiece against the coated surface of the tool.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，衬底，例如用于热金属成形操作中的工具，涂覆有搪瓷纳米颗粒分级涂层。 涂层中的纳米颗粒可以是氮化硼纳米颗粒。 涂层可以包括邻近衬底的表面的第一部分和与第一部分相邻的第二部分。 涂层的第一部分可以具有比第二部分更低体积分数的纳米颗粒。 第一部分对基材的表面具有优异的粘附性，第二部分减少摩擦和磨损。 涂覆的工具可以通过将至少一层涂层混合物施加到工具的表面并加热涂层混合物而形成。 金属工件可以通过使金属工件与工具的涂覆表面接触而形成制品。

公开(公告)号：US08250890B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-28

申请号：US12427809

申请日：2009-04-22

申请人： Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： B21B45/02

CPC分类号： B21D37/16 ,  B21D22/00 ,  B21D37/18 ,  C10M103/00 ,  C10M103/02 ,  C10M103/06 ,  C10M2201/0413 ,  C10M2201/0663 ,  C10N2240/404 ,  C10N2240/407 ,  C10N2250/08 ,  C10N2250/121 ,  C10N2280/00

摘要： According to one embodiment, a film of solid lubricant particles is applied to metal workpieces, which are then subjected to a controlled humid environment for predetermined times and temperatures. Following the exposure to humidity, the lubricated metal workpieces are heated for a hot forming operation. The humidification of the lubricated workpiece increases the adhesion of solid lubricant films to the metal workpieces, thereby improving the tribological performance of the workpieces during subsequent hot forming operations.

摘要翻译： 根据一个实施例，将固体润滑剂颗粒的膜施加到金属工件上，然后将其经受受控的湿润环境预定的时间和温度。 在暴露于湿度之后，将润滑的金属工件加热以进行热成型操作。 润滑的工件的加湿增加了固体润滑剂膜对金属工件的粘附性，从而提高随后的热成形操作期间工件的摩擦学性能。

公开(公告)号：US20120111078A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-10

申请号：US12942964

申请日：2010-11-09

申请人： Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： B21B45/02 ,  B21D37/16

CPC分类号： B21D37/16 ,  B21D37/18

摘要： A metal forming process involves applying a lubricant, formed from a vitreous enamel mixed with particles of boron nitride, to at least one surface of a sheet metal blank, and without pre-heating the sheet metal blank, placing the sheet metal blank having the lubricant applied to the surface(s) thereof into a pre-heated forming tool so that the at least one surface contacts a surface of the forming tool. The method further involves, via the pre-heated forming tool, forming the sheet metal blank into a desired part shape, and during such forming, forming a lubricant layer on the surface(s) as the lubricant is heated from the pre-heated forming tool, the lubricant layer adhering to the surface(s) of the sheet metal blank.

摘要翻译： 金属成形方法包括将由与氮化硼颗粒混合的玻璃质搪瓷形成的润滑剂施加到金属板坯料的至少一个表面上，并且不预先加热金属板坯料，将具有润滑剂的金属板坯料 将其表面施加到预加热成形工具中，使得至少一个表面接触成形工具的表面。 该方法还包括通过预热成形工具将金属板坯料形成所需的部件形状，并且在这种成型期间，当润滑剂从预加热成型加热时，在表面上形成润滑剂层 工具，润滑剂层附着在金属板坯的表面上。

公开(公告)号：US07147200B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

申请号：US10604531

申请日：2003-07-29

申请人： Arianna T. Morales ,  Elisabeth J. Berger ,  Jessica A. Schroeder

发明人： Arianna T. Morales ,  Elisabeth J. Berger ,  Jessica A. Schroeder

IPC分类号： B29C70/06

CPC分类号： B29C70/305 ,  B29B11/16 ,  B29C70/48

摘要： An improved screen tooling for a fiber preforming process, and a durable coating system for such tooling. The coating system comprises a surface layer of a porcelain enamel composition that is generally a borosilicate glass, and preferable contains quartz, borax, boric oxide, potassium nitrate, sodium silicofluoride, and manganese dioxide, and optionally contains titanium dioxide, antimony oxide, cobalt oxide and/or barium oxide. Preferred compositions are dependent in part on the screen tooling material. The invention also encompasses a fiber preforming process that utilizes screen tooling with the coating system.

摘要翻译： 用于纤维预成型工艺的改进的屏幕工具，以及用于这种工具的耐用涂层系统。 涂层系统包括通常为硼硅酸盐玻璃的瓷釉组合物的表面层，并且优选含有石英，硼砂，氧化硼，硝酸钾，氟硅酸钠和二氧化锰，并且任选地包含二氧化钛，氧化锑，氧化钴 和/或氧化钡。 优选的组合物部分地取决于筛网加工材料。 本发明还包括利用涂布系统的丝网加工的纤维预成型方法。

公开(公告)号：US06745604B1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-08

申请号：US10387615

申请日：2003-03-13

申请人： Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： B21D2602

CPC分类号： B21D26/055 ,  Y10T29/49805

摘要： An apparatus for forming a metal piece at an elevated temperature comprises a part having a binding surface configured to hold the metal during forming, wherein the binding surface comprises a porcelain enamel coating. The apparatus may be a superplastic forming process, and the binding surface may have an enamel coated seal bead that cooperates with a second binding surface of a second binding surface to form a seal about a perimeter of a metal sheet that is formed into a desired shape.

摘要翻译： 用于在升高的温度下形成金属片的装置包括具有被配置为在成形期间保持金属的结合表面的部分，其中所述粘结表面包括瓷釉涂层。 该装置可以是超塑性成形工艺，并且结合表面可以具有搪瓷涂覆的密封珠，其与第二结合表面的第二结合表面配合，以形成围绕金属片周边的密封，所述金属片形成为期望的形状 。

公开(公告)号：US08549889B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-08

申请号：US12942964

申请日：2010-11-09

申请人： Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： B21D37/16 ,  C10M169/00

CPC分类号： B21D37/16 ,  B21D37/18

摘要： A metal forming process involves applying a lubricant, formed from a vitreous enamel mixed with particles of boron nitride, to at least one surface of a sheet metal blank, and without pre-heating the sheet metal blank, placing the sheet metal blank having the lubricant applied to the surface(s) thereof into a pre-heated forming tool so that the at least one surface contacts a surface of the forming tool. The method further involves, via the pre-heated forming tool, forming the sheet metal blank into a desired part shape, and during such forming, forming a lubricant layer on the surface(s) as the lubricant is heated from the pre-heated forming tool, the lubricant layer adhering to the surface(s) of the sheet metal blank.

摘要翻译： 金属成形方法包括将由与氮化硼颗粒混合的玻璃质搪瓷形成的润滑剂施加到金属板坯料的至少一个表面上，并且不预先加热金属板坯料，将具有润滑剂的金属板坯料 将其表面施加到预加热成形工具中，使得至少一个表面接触成形工具的表面。 该方法还包括通过预热成形工具将金属板坯料形成所需的部件形状，并且在这种成型期间，当润滑剂从预加热成型加热时，在表面上形成润滑剂层 工具，润滑剂层附着在金属板坯的表面上。

公开(公告)号：US08182963B2

公开(公告)日：2012-05-22

申请号：US12500886

申请日：2009-07-10

申请人： Mahmoud H. Abd Elhamid ,  Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Mahmoud H. Abd Elhamid ,  Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： H01M2/00 ,  C22C38/58 ,  C22C38/18 ,  B05D5/12

CPC分类号： H01M8/0206 ,  H01M8/0208 ,  H01M8/021 ,  H01M8/0228 ,  H01M8/1007

摘要： Corrosion resistant, manganese-stabilized austenitic stainless steels with a low nickel content are used in bipolar plates, methods for fabricating the bipolar plates, and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells comprising the bipolar plates. The bipolar plates are formed from high-manganese austenitic stainless steels comprising, in weight percents, 4.0 to 35 manganese, 0.5 to 1.5 nickel, 17 to 20 chromium, 0.2 to 0.5 nitrogen, up to 0.075 carbon, 0.5 to 1.0 silicon, up to 0.1 aluminum, 0 to 0.005 sulfur, and balance iron and incidental impurities. The steels exhibit suitable corrosion resistance, electrical contact resistance, and mechanical properties for high-corrosion applications such as use in bipolar plate materials for PEM fuel cells. The bipolar plates may comprise a solid plate of the steel, optionally coated with a highly electrically conductive material. Alternatively, the bipolar plates may comprise an economical substrate coated with the steel, optionally further coated with a highly electrically conductive material.

摘要翻译： 具有低镍含量的耐腐蚀，锰稳定的奥氏体不锈钢用于双极板，制造双极板的方法和包含双极板的聚合物电解质膜（PEM）燃料电池。 双极板由高锰奥氏体不锈钢形成，重量百分数为4.0至35锰，0.5至1.5镍，17至20铬，0.2至0.5氮，至多0.075碳，0.5至1.0硅，直至 0.1铝，0至0.005硫，余量为铁和杂质。 对于高腐蚀应用，例如用于PEM燃料电池的双极板材料中，钢具有合适的耐腐蚀性，电接触电阻和机械性能。 双极板可以包括钢的固体板，任选地涂覆有高度导电的材料。 或者，双极板可以包括涂覆有钢的经济的基材，任选地进一步涂覆有高度导电的材料。

公开(公告)号：US07516529B2

公开(公告)日：2009-04-14

申请号：US10738344

申请日：2003-12-17

申请人： Arianna T Morales ,  Paul E Krajewski

发明人： Arianna T Morales ,  Paul E Krajewski

IPC分类号： B23P17/00 ,  B21D39/00

CPC分类号： B32B5/20 ,  B22F3/1125 ,  B22F7/006 ,  B32B1/00 ,  B32B15/046 ,  B32B15/08 ,  B32B15/20 ,  B32B2038/0084 ,  B32B2266/045 ,  B32B2305/022 ,  B32B2605/00 ,  Y10S72/709 ,  Y10T29/49616 ,  Y10T29/49805 ,  Y10T29/49885 ,  Y10T29/4998 ,  Y10T29/49984 ,  Y10T428/12479

摘要： Disclosed is a method for producing a complex composite metal structure having a metallic foam substrate. A sheet metal structure is provided having a metallic foam precursor formed of metallic particles and foaming agents. The sheet metal structure is formed using quick plastic or superplastic formation processes. After or during the formation of the metal, the temperature of the metallic precursor is raised to a point that the foaming agent produces a metallic foam.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有金属泡沫基材的复合复合金属结构体的制造方法。 提供了一种金属结构，其具有由金属颗粒和发泡剂形成的金属泡沫前体。 钣金结构使用快速塑性或超塑性成形方法形成。 在形成金属之后或期间，将金属前体的温度升高至发泡剂产生金属泡沫的程度。

公开(公告)号：US06655181B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-02

申请号：US09976609

申请日：2001-10-15

申请人： Arianna T. Morales

发明人： Arianna T. Morales

IPC分类号： B21B4502

CPC分类号： B21D26/055

摘要： A coating for superplastic forming (SPF) and quick plastic forming (QPF) tooling and an SPF/QPF process made possible with the coating. The coating defines the forming surface of an SPF/QPF tool, and consists essentially of either a tungsten carbide cermet or a chromium carbide cermet. The coating preferably comprises a metal matrix containing tungsten carbide or chromium carbide particles having a particle size of not more than 0.1 micrometer, and is preferably prepared to have a surface finish of not rougher than 0.3 micrometer Ra. An SPF/QPF process that makes use of a tool whose forming surface is provided with the coating can be performed without depositing any lubricant on the forming surface or workpiece.

摘要翻译： 用于超塑性成型（SPF）和快速塑性成型（QPF）工具的涂层以及使涂层成为可能的SPF / QPF工艺。 涂层限定了SPF / QPF工具的成型表面，并且基本上由碳化钨金属陶瓷或碳化铬金属陶瓷组成。 涂层优选包含含有碳化钨或碳化铬颗粒的金属基体，其粒径不大于0.1微米，并且优选地具有比0.3微米Ra更粗糙的表面光洁度。 可以在成形表面设置有涂层的工具中进行SPF / QPF工艺，而不会在成形表面或工件上沉积任何润滑剂。