Abstract:
Methods and systems for policing usage by one or more users (12) of a data network (14), said one or more users (12) being able to send, to receive, or to send and receive data over the network via one or more of a plurality of access nodes (42), the usage of the data network resulting from respective data units consuming network resources along respective paths across the data network (14), each of said data units being associated with one of a plurality of subsets of the usage of the data network, said data units having congestion indications associated therewith indicating a measure of their congestion impact.
Abstract:
Methods, apparatus and other means for providing path characterisation information to a data sender relating to a network characteristic such as congestion experienced by data units traversing a path across a data network from the data sender towards one of a plurality of data receivers, the data units having associated therewith information indicative of the network characteristic, the path being traversed by the data units having at least a first path portion between said data sender and a proxy node along which data units may traverse conveying a measure indicative of the network characteristic that is representable by any of a first set of codepoints, the data receivers being operable to provide data acknowledgement units in respect of data units they receive via a second path portion in which information indicative of the network characteristic may only be representable using codepoints of a second set of codepoints having less codepoints than the first set of codepoints.
Abstract:
A braking control method that includes: (1) regularly updating a grip model representative of a relationship between a coefficient of friction and a wheel slip rate; (2) determining, with an iterative calculation process including a plurality of calculation cycles a variation of a braking setpoint in a given prediction horizon, the variation of the braking setpoint in the given prediction horizon being established using the regularly updated grip model and its characteristic shape and so that the variation of the braking setpoint in the given prediction horizon complies with the braking order and complies with a given calculation constraint which is function of the wheel slip rate; and (3) retaining as the generated braking setpoint a value of the braking setpoint in the given prediction horizon which corresponds to a first calculation cycle of the plurality of calculation cycles of the iterative calculation process.
Abstract:
Flow in a data network is policed by determining a measure of greediness of a flow through a node, comparing the measure of greediness with a measure indicative of acceptable greediness dependent on the expected greediness of a compliant flow experiencing substantially similar path conditions, and designating the flow for possible sanction in the event that the greediness is not in accordance with the acceptable greediness. Such allows for the policing of a data network when one or more fields in a data packet that carry information relating to a characterization of an end-to-end path and/or a downstream path of the data packet are used in order to police the data network.
Abstract:
A processing node for processing data items in a data network, comprising means for receiving data items, means for receiving characterization metrics associated with the data items and identifying characteristic values in respect thereof, and a process selection means, said process selection means comprising means for deriving a collective value from characteristic values associated with a plurality of the data items, means for comparing characteristic values associated with a plurality of the data items with a predetermined target value, means for subjecting data items in respect of which the characteristic values are on a first side of the predetermined target value to a first process, means for selecting at least some of the data items in respect of which the characteristic values are on a second side of the predetermined target value, and means for subjecting the selected data items to a second process which is different from the first process.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for assigning information indicative of a network characteristic to one of a plurality of data units traversing a path across a network, said data units having associated therewith values indicative of said network characteristic, said path having at least one portion passing through a lower-capability region and at least one portion passing through a higher-capability region, said lower-capability region being a region in which information indicative of said network characteristic may be represented by values having a first resolution, and said higher-capability region being a region in which information indicative of said network characteristic may be represented by values having a second resolution, said second resolution being greater than said first resolution, said one data unit being a data unit entering said higher-capability region.
Abstract:
A method of distribution braking between the brakes of an aircraft. The method includes a first step of estimating a braking force objective and a steering torque objective to be achieved by the brakes of the aircraft. It also includes the steps of defining at least two groups of brakes (12, 13) and determining, for each group, a braking level that is to be achieved by the group. The braking levels being calculated in such a manner that braking performed in application of the braking levels is, at least under normal operating conditions of the brakes, in compliance with a braking force objective and with a steering torque objective.
Abstract:
Apparatus and methods for policing flows of data units (15) along a path in a data network in dependence on congestion indications associated with said data units indicating whether or not said data units have experienced, or are expected to experience, congestion on the path, said apparatus and methods allowing for a high but not unlimited short-term burst rate (wST) of data units having congestion indications associated therewith, the short-term burst rate being high when compared with a long-term average rate (wLT) at which data units having congestion indications associated therewith may be forwarded without the data units being subjected to a policing action such as dropping, delaying or marking for possible sanction.
Abstract:
Data networks, nodes making up parts of data networks, and information are related to the characterization of paths taken by data travelling between nodes in the networks. Path characterization information is arranged to be conveyed to nodes such that it may be used by nodes subsequently forwarding data. In particular, the invention relates to nodes receiving such path characterization information from upstream nodes, deriving therefrom information indicative of characteristics of a path downstream of said nodes, and using such information to make informed decisions such as routing decisions when forwarding data onward in data networks.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for encoding a number of small dynamic values over an n-bit field. Also methods and apparatus allowing for the stateless extraction of separate sequences from repetitions of a single field whereby to communicate more than one signal at once.