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公开(公告)号：US06374137B1
公开(公告)日：2002-04-16
申请号：US09417269
申请日：1999-10-13
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3931
摘要： An energy reduction unit is removably connectable to an external defibrillator to reduce the defibrillation energy delivered by the defibrillator to a patient. Use of the energy reduction unit is particularly suited to defibrillating pediatric patients (infants and children under 8) with an automatic or semi-automatic external defibrillator (AED). In one embodiment, the energy reduction unit includes an attenuator which partially dissipates energy produced by the AED. The attenuator is advantageously designed to present an impedance to the AED which, when connected to the patient, is approximately equal to the patient's impedance. The energy reduction unit may include a presence-detect function which enables the defibrillator to modify analysis of ECG signals to account for differences heart rhythms of pediatric and adult patients. In a second embodiment, the energy reduction unit includes an energy control modifier circuit which affects the charging operations performed internal to the AED. Other than being attached to the defibrillation equipment, the energy reduction unit does not otherwise change how an operator uses the equipment.
摘要翻译： 能量减少单元可拆卸地连接到外部除颤器，以减少除颤器向患者传递的除颤能量。 能量减少装置的使用特别适用于使用自动或半自动外部除颤器（AED）除纤维化的儿科患者（8岁以下的婴儿和8岁以下的儿童）。 在一个实施例中，能量减少单元包括部分耗散由AED产生的能量的衰减器。 衰减器有利地被设计成向AED呈现阻抗，其在连接到患者时大致等于患者的阻抗。 能量减少单元可以包括存在检测功能，其使除颤器能够修改ECG信号的分析，以解决儿科和成人患者的心律的差异。 在第二实施例中，能量减少单元包括影响在AED内部执行的充电操作的能量控制修正器电路。 除了附着到除颤设备之外，能量减少单元不会改变操作者如何使用设备。
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公开(公告)号：US6134468A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-17
申请号：US113803
申请日：1998-07-09
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3931
摘要： An energy reduction unit is removably connectable to an external defibrillator to reduce the defibrillation energy delivered by the defibrillator to a patient. Use of the energy reduction unit is particularly suited to defibrillating pediatric patients (infants and children under 8) with an automatic or semi-automatic external defibrillator (AED). In one embodiment, the energy reduction unit includes an attenuator which partially dissipates energy produced by the AED. The attenuator is advantageously designed to present an impedance to the AED which, when connected to the patient, is approximately equal to the patient's impedance. The energy reduction unit may include a presence-detect function which enables the defibrillator to modify analysis of ECG signals to account for differences heart rhythms of pediatric and adult patients. In a second embodiment, the energy reduction unit includes an energy control modifier circuit which affects the charging operations performed internal to the AED. Other than being attached to the defibrillation equipment, the energy reduction unit does not otherwise change how an operator uses the equipment.
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公开(公告)号：US06241751B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-05
申请号：US09299455
申请日：1999-04-22
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3943 , A61N1/39
摘要： A defibrillator having an energy storage capacitor network with multiple configurations selected according to patient impedance and desired energy level for delivery of an impedance-compensated defibrillation pulse is provided. The set of configurations may include series, parallel, and series/parallel combinations of energy storage capacitors within the energy storage capacitor network. The impedance-compensated defibrillation pulse may be delivered over an expanded range of energy levels while limiting the peak current to levels that are safe for the patient using configurations tailored for lower impedance patients and limiting the range of defibrillation pulse durations and providing adequate current levels for higher impedance patients. Configurations of the energy storage capacitor network may be readily added to extend the range of energy levels well above 200 joules.
摘要翻译： 提供一种除颤器，其具有根据患者阻抗选择的多种配置的能量存储电容器网络和用于递送阻抗补偿除颤脉冲的期望能量水平。 该组配置可以包括能量存储电容器网络内的能量存储电容器的串联，并联和串联/并联组合。 阻抗补偿的除颤脉冲可以在能量水平的扩展范围内递送，同时将峰值电流限制到对于患者使用适合于较低阻抗患者的配置的安全性的水平，并且限制除颤脉冲持续时间的范围并提供足够的电流水平 阻力较高的患者。 可以容易地添加能量存储电容器网络的配置以扩展远高于200焦耳的能量范围。
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4.发明授权Electrode pad system and defibrillator electrode pad that reduces the risk of peripheral shock 有权电极垫系统和除颤器电极垫，减少外围冲击的风险公开(公告)号：US06178357B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-23
申请号：US09143701
申请日：1998-08-28
IPC分类号： A61N105
CPC分类号： A61N1/046 , A61N1/0492
摘要： This invention is directed to a medical electrode system having a flexible substrate with two electrodes in electrical communication disposed at either end along its length. The electrode system also has one or more sensors for detecting the rate and pressure at which CPR is administered. The electrode is adjustable in length and protects the user from the potential of incidental shock when using the electrode in conjunction with a defibrillator.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有柔性基底的医疗电极系统，其中两个电极沿着其长度设置在两端。 电极系统还具有一个或多个用于检测施用CPR的速率和压力的传感器。 电极的长度是可调节的，并且当使用电极与除颤器一起使用时，可以保护使用者避免偶然的冲击的可能性。
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公开(公告)号：US5593427A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US601617
申请日：1996-02-14
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种外部除颤器和除颤方法，其自动补偿用于除颤和心脏复律的电疗脉冲递送中的患者对患者的阻抗差异。 在优选实施例中，除颤器具有能够通过患者身上的电极排出的能量源，以提供双相电压或电流脉冲。 在本发明的一个方面，第一和第二相位持续时间和初始第一相位振幅是预定值。 在本发明的第二方面中，如果在预定的第一相位持续时间结束时脉冲的第一相位的幅度不能下降到阈值，则脉冲的第一相位的持续时间可能会延长 与高阻抗患者。 在本发明的第三方面中，当第一相位幅度下降到低于阈值时或当第一相位持续时间达到阈值时间值（以先到者为准）时，第一相位结束，如同低平均阻抗患者可能发生的那样。 改变输送的双相脉冲的这种方法和装置由此通过改变递送的电疗脉冲的性质来补偿患者的阻抗差异，导致更小，更有效和更便宜的除颤器。
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公开(公告)号：US5749905A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US691755
申请日：1996-08-02
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种外部除颤器和除颤方法，其自动补偿用于除颤和心脏复律的电疗脉冲递送中的患者对患者的阻抗差异。 在优选实施例中，除颤器具有能够通过患者身上的电极排出的能量源，以提供双相电压或电流脉冲。 在本发明的一个方面，第一和第二相位持续时间和初始第一相位振幅是预定值。 在本发明的第二方面中，如果脉冲的第一相位的幅度在预定的第一相位持续时间结束时不能下降到阈值，则脉冲的第一相位的持续时间可能会延长 与高阻抗患者。 在本发明的第三方面中，当第一相位幅度下降到低于阈值时或当第一相位持续时间达到阈值时间值（以先到者为准）时，第一相位结束，如同低平均阻抗患者可能发生的那样。 改变输送的双相脉冲的这种方法和装置由此通过改变递送的电疗脉冲的性质来补偿患者的阻抗差异，导致更小，更有效和更便宜的除颤器。
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公开(公告)号：US5749904A
公开(公告)日：1998-05-12
申请号：US690529
申请日：1996-07-31
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： The invention provides a method for delivering electrotherapy to a patient through electrodes connected to a plurality of capacitors, including the steps of discharging at least one of the capacitors across the electrodes to deliver electrical energy to the patient, monitoring a patient-dependent electrical parameter (such as voltage, current or charge) during the discharging step, and adjusting energy delivered to the patient based on a value of the electrical parameter. The adjusting step may include selecting a serial or parallel arrangement for the capacitors based on a value of the electrical parameter. In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for delivering electrotherapy to a patient through electrodes connectable to a plurality of capacitors including the steps of discharging at least one of the capacitors across the electrodes to deliver electrical energy to the patient in a waveform having at least a first phase and a second phase, monitoring a patient-dependent electrical parameter (such as voltage, current or charge) during the discharging step, and modifying second phase initial voltage based on a value of the electrical parameter. The adjusting step may include selecting a serial or a parallel arrangement for the capacitors based on a value of the electrical parameter.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种通过连接到多个电容器的电极向患者传送电疗的方法，包括以下步骤：将电极中的至少一个放电到电极以将电能传递给患者，监测患者依赖的电参数（ 例如电压，电流或电荷），以及基于电参数的值来调节递送给患者的能量。 调整步骤可以包括基于电参数的值来选择用于电容器的串行或并行布置。 在另一个实施例中，本发明提供了一种通过可连接到多个电容器的电极向患者传送电疗的方法，包括以下步骤：跨过电极放电电容器中的至少一个电容器，以至少具有至少一个波形的电波 第一阶段和第二阶段，在放电步骤期间监测与患者相关的电参数（例如电压，电流或电荷），以及基于电参数的值修改第二相初始电压。 调整步骤可以包括基于电参数的值来选择用于电容器的串行或并行布置。
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公开(公告)号：US5620470A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US653386
申请日：1996-05-24
IPC分类号： A61N1/39
CPC分类号： A61N1/3937 , A61N1/3906 , A61N1/3912
摘要： This invention provides an external defibrillator and defibrillation method that automatically compensates for patient-to-patient impedance differences in the delivery of electrotherapeutic pulses for defibrillation and cardioversion. In a preferred embodiment, the defibrillator has an energy source that may be discharged through electrodes on the patient to provide a biphasic voltage or current pulse. In one aspect of the invention, the first and second phase duration and initial first phase amplitude are predetermined values. In a second aspect of the invention, the duration of the first phase of the pulse may be extended if the amplitude of the first phase of the pulse fails to fall to a threshold value by the end of the predetermined first phase duration, as might occur with a high impedance patient. In a third aspect of the invention, the first phase ends when the first phase amplitude drops below a threshold value or when the first phase duration reaches a threshold time value, whichever comes first, as might occur with a low to average impedance patient. This method and apparatus of altering the delivered biphasic pulse thereby compensates for patient impedance differences by changing the nature of the delivered electrotherapeutic pulse, resulting in a smaller, more efficient and less expensive defibrillator.
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07010351B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-07
申请号：US09802808
申请日：2001-03-08
IPC分类号： A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/375 , A61N1/0531 , A61N1/0534 , A61N1/0539 , A61N1/36017 , A61N1/36025 , A61N1/36082 , A61N1/36103 , A61N1/3756
摘要： The following disclosure describes several methods and apparatus for intracranial electrical stimulation to treat or otherwise effectuate a change in neural-functions of a patient. Several embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention are directed toward enhancing or otherwise inducing a lasting change in neural activity to effectuate a particular neural-function. Such lasting change in neural activity is defined as “neuroplasticity.” The methods in accordance with the invention can be used to treat brain damage (e.g., stroke, trauma, etc.), brain disease (e.g., Alzheimer's, Pick's, Parkinson's, etc.), and/or brain disorders (e.g., epilepsy, depression, etc.). The methods in accordance with the invention can also be used to enhance neural-function of normal, healthy brains (e.g., learning, memory, etc.), or to control sensory functions (e.g., pain). Certain embodiments of methods in accordance with the invention electrically stimulate the brain at a stimulation site where neuroplasticity is occurring. The stimulation site may be different than the region in the brain where neural activity is typically present to perform the particular neural function according to the functional organization of the brain. In one embodiment in which neuroplasticity related to the neural-function occurs in the brain, the method can include identifying the location where such neuroplasticity is present. In an alternative embodiment in which neuroplasticity is not occurring in the brain, an alternative aspect is to induce neuroplasticity at a stimulation site where it is expected to occur. Several embodiments of these methods that are expected to produce a lasting effect on the intended neural activity at the stimulation site use electrical pulses that increase the resting membrane potential of neurons at the stimulation site to a subthreshold level.
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公开(公告)号：US06671547B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-30
申请号：US09879057
申请日：2001-06-13
IPC分类号： A61N139
CPC分类号： A61N1/3925
摘要： An electrotherapy device including at least one sensor operable to sense at least one physiological parameter of a patient. A controller is operably connected to the at least one sensor operable to receive signals from the at least one sensor corresponding to the at least one physiological parameter. Memory is operable to store computer-programming code executed by the controller. The programming code includes decision-making criteria operable to adapt a patient treatment in response changes to the detected at least one physiological parameter. At least one pair of electrodes is operably connected to the controller and operable to administer the treatment to the patient.
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