公开(公告)号：US06980712B2

公开(公告)日：2005-12-27

申请号：US10926705

申请日：2004-08-26

Applicant: Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

Inventor： Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

IPC: G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/35 ,  G02B26/08 ,  H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02B6/26

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  G02B6/3556 ,  G02B6/3586 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/003 ,  H04Q2011/0037 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/0049 ,  H04Q2011/0083

Abstract: Methods of calibrating and operating optical switches as well as optical switches in which the orientations of mirrors are measured and controlled using control light beams and position sensing detectors are described. The present invention may provide high resolution control of a plurality of mirrors in an optical switch and thus allow the optical switch to cross-connect a large number of input and output ports with a low insertion loss.

公开(公告)号：US06952003B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-04

申请号：US10913974

申请日：2004-08-05

Applicant: David Skurnik ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Geoffrey Hugh Jones ,  Eric Charles Abbott ,  Waisiu Law

Inventor： David Skurnik ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Geoffrey Hugh Jones ,  Eric Charles Abbott ,  Waisiu Law

IPC: G01J1/42 ,  G02B7/04 ,  H01L27/00 ,  H01L27/144

CPC classification number: H01L27/1446 ,  H01L21/823807 ,  H01L21/823878 ,  H01L27/0922 ,  H01L29/045 ,  H01L29/7843 ,  H01L29/7846

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a centroid of a spot produced by electromagnetic radiation, e.g., optic radiation, using an array of PIN photodiodes serving as photodetectors and being organized in columns and in rows. Vertical connections are used to interconnect the PIN photodiodes in the columns in accordance with a first pattern that interconnects two or more adjacent columns. Horizontal connections are used to interconnect PIN photodiodes in the rows in accordance with a second pattern that interconnects two or more adjacent rows. The first and second patterns of interconnections can include just two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows, respectively and form a checkerboard interconnect pattern. The interconnections are made such that there are no anode connections between the PIN photodiodes in the rows and columns. The apparatus has a processing circuitry for rapidly deriving an X-extent of the centroid from current signals obtained from the columns and a Y-extent of the centroid from current signals obtained from the rows.

Abstract translation: 用于使用用作光电检测器的PIN光电二极管阵列并以列和行组织的方式来检测由电磁辐射（例如光学辐射）产生的光点的质心的装置。 垂直连接用于根据互连两个或多个相邻列的第一图案来互连列中的PIN光电二极管。 水平连接用于根据互连两个或多个相邻行的第二图案来互连行中的PIN光电二极管。 第一和第二互连图案可以分别仅包括两个相邻的列和两个相邻的行，并且形成棋盘互连图案。 进行互连使得行和列之间的PIN光电二极管之间没有阳极连接。 该装置具有处理电路，用于从根据从行获得的电流信号从当前信号和质心的Y范围快速得出质心的X范围。

公开(公告)号：US06922500B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-26

申请号：US09999878

申请日：2001-10-24

Applicant: Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

Inventor： Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

IPC: H04Q11/00 ,  G02B6/35

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0026

Abstract: An optical fiber switch in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a first plurality of ports, a second plurality of ports, a first plurality of mirrors disposed on a first surface, and a second plurality of mirrors disposed on a second surface. Each one of the first plurality of mirrors is individually controllable to direct light output from a corresponding one of the first plurality of ports to any one of the second plurality of mirrors. Each one of the second plurality of mirrors is individually controllable to direct to a corresponding one of the second plurality of ports light incident on it from any one of the first plurality of mirrors. Advantageously, optical fiber switches in accordance with embodiments of the present invention may couple more than a thousand input ports to more than a thousand output ports with an insertion loss of less than about 3 decibels.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明实施例的光纤开关包括第一多个端口，第二多个端口，设置在第一表面上的第一多个反射镜和设置在第二表面上的第二多个反射镜。 所述第一多个反射镜中的每一个单独可控制以将从所述第一多个端口中的相应一个端口的光输出引导到所述第二多个反射镜中的任何一个。 所述第二多个反射镜中的每一个独立地可控制以将所述第二多个端口中的相应一个端口引导到从所述第一多个反射镜中的任何一个反射镜入射到其上的光。 有利地，根据本发明的实施例的光纤交换机可将多于一千个输入端口耦合到多于一千个输出端口，插入损耗小于约3分贝。

公开(公告)号：US20050017882A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

申请号：US10854769

申请日：2004-05-27

Applicant: Richard Nelson ,  Brian Sprague ,  Donald McMullin ,  Richard Prodan ,  Pieter Vorenkamp

Inventor： Richard Nelson ,  Brian Sprague ,  Donald McMullin ,  Richard Prodan ,  Pieter Vorenkamp

IPC: H03M1/00 ,  H04B1/18 ,  H04B1/40 ,  H04N7/08 ,  H04N7/10

CPC classification number: H04N21/4382 ,  H04N7/0806 ,  H04N7/10 ,  H04N21/2221 ,  H04N21/2383

Abstract: An apparatus for converting a signal from a first analog format to a second analog format. The apparatus has an input port, a first converter, filters, first mixers, second converters, and an output port. The input port is configured to receive the signal. The signal has the first analog format. In an embodiment, the first analog format complies with the SCTE 40 2003 technical standard. In an embodiment, the second analog format is a conventional analog format. The first converter is coupled to the port and is configured to convert the signal to a first digital format. The filters are coupled to the first converter and configured to isolate a first channel of the signal from a second channel of the signal. The first mixers are coupled to the filters and configured to expand the first channel and the second channel to a second digital format. The second converters are coupled to the first mixers and configured to convert the first channel and the second channel to the second analog format. The output port is coupled to the second converters and configured to produce the signal having the second analog format.

Abstract translation: 一种用于将来自第一模拟格式的信号转换为第二模拟格式的装置。 该装置具有输入端口，第一转换器，滤波器，第一混频器，第二转换器和输出端口。 输入端口配置为接收信号。 该信号具有第一个模拟格式。 在一个实施例中，第一模拟格式符合SCTE 40 2003技术标准。 在一个实施例中，第二模拟格式是常规的模拟格式。 第一转换器耦合到端口，并被配置为将信号转换为第一数字格式。 滤波器耦合到第一转换器并且被配置为将信号的第一信道与信号的第二信道隔离开。 第一混频器耦合到滤波器并且被配置为将第一信道和第二信道扩展到第二数字格式。 第二转换器耦合到第一混频器并且被配置为将第一通道和第二通道转换为第二模拟格式。 输出端口耦合到第二转换器并被配置为产生具有第二模拟格式的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06831263B2

公开(公告)日：2004-12-14

申请号：US10163204

申请日：2002-06-04

Applicant: David Skurnik ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Geoffrey Hugh Jones ,  Eric Charles Abbott ,  Waisiu Law

Inventor： David Skurnik ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Geoffrey Hugh Jones ,  Eric Charles Abbott ,  Waisiu Law

IPC: G01J142

CPC classification number: H01L27/1446 ,  H01L21/823807 ,  H01L21/823878 ,  H01L27/0922 ,  H01L29/045 ,  H01L29/7843 ,  H01L29/7846

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a centroid of a spot produced by electromagnetic radiation, e.g., optic radiation, using an array of PIN photodiodes serving as photodetectors and being organized in columns and in rows. Vertical connections are used to interconnect the PIN photodiodes in the columns in accordance with a first pattern that interconnects two or more adjacent columns. Horizontal connections are used to interconnect PIN photodiodes in the rows in accordance with a second pattern that interconnects two or more adjacent rows. The first and second patterns of interconnections can include just two adjacent columns and two adjacent rows, respectively and form a checkerboard interconnect pattern. The interconnections are made such that there are no anode connections between the PIN photodiodes in the rows and columns. The apparatus has a processing circuitry for rapidly deriving an X-extent of the centroid from current signals obtained from the columns and a Y-extent of the centroid from current signals obtained from the rows.

Abstract translation: 用于使用用作光电检测器的PIN光电二极管阵列并以列和行组织的方式来检测由电磁辐射（例如光学辐射）产生的光点的质心的装置。 垂直连接用于根据互连两个或多个相邻列的第一图案来互连列中的PIN光电二极管。 水平连接用于根据互连两个或多个相邻行的第二图案来互连行中的PIN光电二极管。 第一和第二互连图案可以分别仅包括两个相邻的列和两个相邻的行，并且形成棋盘互连图案。 进行互连使得行和列之间的PIN光电二极管之间没有阳极连接。 该装置具有处理电路，用于从根据从行获得的电流信号从当前信号和质心的Y范围快速得出质心的X范围。

公开(公告)号：US06636656B2

公开(公告)日：2003-10-21

申请号：US10002310

申请日：2001-10-24

Applicant: Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven S. Nasiri ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Janusz Bryzek

Inventor： Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven S. Nasiri ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Janusz Bryzek

IPC: G02B626

CPC classification number: G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/359

Abstract: An optical switching fabric enables an optical signal entering the device on any one of multiple input ports to be directed to any one of multiple output ports. The present optical switching fabrics include sensing and monitoring devices that permit precise initial calibration and continuous switch connection status monitoring and control. Light entering the switching fabric on an input port is reflected by one of a first set of individually controllable mirrors to one of a second set of individually controllable mirrors and then to a corresponding output port. The switching fabrics include control lasers and position sensing devices which provide output signals corresponding to the orientations of the mirrors. In addition, a subset of the input ports and output ports can be attached to monitor light sources and detectors for recalibration and control. Further, sensors for detecting the intensity of input signals, of signals that have been reflected by a mirror in the first set and by a mirror in the second set, and of signals backscattered from the output ports may be included.

Abstract translation: 光交换结构使得能够将进入多个输入端口中的任何一个的设备的光信号引导到多个输出端口中的任何一个。 本发明的光交换结构包括能够精确地进行初始校准和连续切换连接状态监视和控制的感测和监视设备。 在输入端口上进入交换结构的光被第一组单独可控的反射镜中的一个反射到第二组单独可控的反射镜中的一个，然后到相应的输出端口。 交换结构包括控制激光器和位置感测装置，其提供对应于反射镜取向的输出信号。 此外，输入端口和输出端口的子集可以附加到监视光源和检测器上以进行重新校准和控制。 此外，可以包括用于检测由第一组中的反射镜和第二组中的反射镜反射的信号的输入信号的强度的传感器和从输出端口反向散射的信号。

公开(公告)号：US20120297414A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-22

申请号：US13316796

申请日：2011-12-12

Applicant: Brian Sprague ,  Glenn Chang ,  Timothy Gallagher ,  Sridhar Ramesh

Inventor： Brian Sprague ,  Glenn Chang ,  Timothy Gallagher ,  Sridhar Ramesh

IPC: H04N7/167

CPC classification number: H04N21/43615 ,  H04N21/434 ,  H04N21/4341 ,  H04N21/4343 ,  H04N21/4347 ,  H04N21/4367 ,  H04N21/4382 ,  H04N21/4383 ,  H04N21/440209 ,  H04N21/440218 ,  H04N21/4405 ,  H04N21/4408 ,  H04N21/4627 ,  H04N21/60 ,  H04N21/61 ,  H04N21/6106 ,  H04N21/6143 ,  H04N21/6193 ,  H04N21/63 ,  H04N21/63345 ,  H04N21/637 ,  H04N21/64 ,  H04N21/6402 ,  H04N21/64322 ,  H04N21/64746 ,  H04N21/64761

Abstract: One or more circuits for use in a transceiver that is collocated with a satellite dish, may receive a satellite signal carrying media content, and remove content protection from the received media content. After removing the first content protection, the one or more circuits may apply second content protection to the media content. The content protection applied by the one or more circuits may adhere to a different protocol, utilize different keys, and/or otherwise be distinguishable from the content protection that was removed. After applying the content protection, the one or more circuits may transmit the media content onto one or more links between the satellite dish and one or more client devices. The removal of the content protection may comprise descrambling and/or decrypting the media content. The application of the content protection may comprise scrambling and/or encrypting the media content.

Abstract translation: 用于与卫星天线并置的收发器中的一个或多个电路可以接收携带媒体内容的卫星信号，并从接收到的媒体内容中移除内容保护。 在移除第一内容保护之后，一个或多个电路可以向媒体内容应用第二内容保护。 由一个或多个电路应用的内容保护可以遵循不同的协议，利用不同的密钥和/或以其他方式与被去除的内容保护区分开来。 在应用内容保护之后，一个或多个电路可以将媒体内容发送到卫星天线和一个或多个客户端设备之间的一个或多个链路上。 删除内容保护可以包括解扰和/或解密媒体内容。 内容保护的应用可以包括对媒体内容进行加扰和/或加密。

公开(公告)号：US07233778B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-19

申请号：US10854769

申请日：2004-05-27

Applicant: Richard Nelson ,  Brian Sprague ,  Donald McMullin ,  Richard Prodan ,  Pieter Vorenkamp

Inventor： Richard Nelson ,  Brian Sprague ,  Donald McMullin ,  Richard Prodan ,  Pieter Vorenkamp

IPC: H03D5/00

CPC classification number: H04N21/4382 ,  H04N7/0806 ,  H04N7/10 ,  H04N21/2221 ,  H04N21/2383

Abstract: An apparatus for converting a signal from a first analog format to a second analog format. The apparatus has an input port, a first converter, filters, first mixers, second converters, and an output port. The input port is configured to receive the signal. The signal has the first analog format. In an embodiment, the first analog format complies with the SCTE 40 2003 technical standard. In an embodiment, the second analog format is a conventional analog format. The first converter is coupled to the port and is configured to convert the signal to a first digital format. The filters are coupled to the first converter and configured to isolate a first channel of the signal from a second channel of the signal. The first mixers are coupled to the filters and configured to expand the first channel and the second channel to a second digital format. The second converters are coupled to the first mixers and configured to convert the first channel and the second channel to the second analog format. The output port is coupled to the second converters and configured to produce the signal having the second analog format.

Abstract translation: 一种用于将来自第一模拟格式的信号转换为第二模拟格式的装置。 该装置具有输入端口，第一转换器，滤波器，第一混频器，第二转换器和输出端口。 输入端口配置为接收信号。 该信号具有第一个模拟格式。 在一个实施例中，第一模拟格式符合SCTE 40 2003技术标准。 在一个实施例中，第二模拟格式是常规的模拟格式。 第一转换器耦合到端口，并被配置为将信号转换为第一数字格式。 滤波器耦合到第一转换器并且被配置为将信号的第一信道与信号的第二信道隔离开。 第一混频器耦合到滤波器并且被配置为将第一信道和第二信道扩展到第二数字格式。 第二转换器耦合到第一混频器并且被配置为将第一通道和第二通道转换为第二模拟格式。 输出端口耦合到第二转换器并被配置为产生具有第二模拟格式的信号。

公开(公告)号：US06898341B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-24

申请号：US09999610

申请日：2001-10-24

Applicant: Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

Inventor： Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

IPC: G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/35 ,  G02B26/08 ,  H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02B6/26

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  G02B6/3556 ,  G02B6/3586 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/003 ,  H04Q2011/0037 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/0049 ,  H04Q2011/0083

Abstract: Methods of calibrating and operating optical switches as well as optical switches in which the orientations of mirrors are measured and controlled using control light beams and position sensing detectors are described. The present invention may provide high resolution control of a plurality of mirrors in an optical switch and thus allow the optical switch to cross-connect a large number of input and output ports with a low insertion loss.

Abstract translation: 描述了使用控制光束和位置感测检测器来测量和控制光学开关以及光学开关的校准和操作的方法。 本发明可以提供光开关中的多个反射镜的高分辨率控制，从而允许光开关以低插入损耗交叉连接大量输入和输出端口。

公开(公告)号：US20050020222A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-27

申请号：US10854768

申请日：2004-05-27

Applicant: Richard Nelson ,  Brian Sprague ,  Donald McMullin ,  Richard Prodan ,  Pieter Vorenkamp

Inventor： Richard Nelson ,  Brian Sprague ,  Donald McMullin ,  Richard Prodan ,  Pieter Vorenkamp

IPC: H03M1/00 ,  H04B1/18 ,  H04B1/40 ,  H04N7/08 ,  H04N7/10

CPC classification number: H04N21/4382 ,  H04N7/0806 ,  H04N7/10 ,  H04N21/2221 ,  H04N21/2383

Abstract: An apparatus for tuning a frequency conversion device. The apparatus has a channel identifier, a channel cross-referencer, and a frequency conversion device tuner. The channel identifier is configured to identify a first channel to which a receiver is tuned. The channel cross-referencer is coupled to the channel identifier and is configured to cross-reference the first channel with a second channel. The frequency conversion device tuner is coupled to the channel cross-referencer and is configured to tune the frequency conversion device to the second channel. An apparatus for processing a signal. The apparatus has an input port, a signal format identifier, a switch, a converter, an output port, and a bypass signal path. The input port is configured to receive the signal. The signal format identifier is coupled to the input port and configured to identify the signal as having a first format or a second format. The switch is coupled to the signal format identifier. The converter is configured to be coupled to the switch and to convert the signal from the first format to the second format. The output port is coupled to the converter and configured to produce the signal. The bypass signal path is coupled to the output port and configured to be coupled to the switch and to convey the signal.

Abstract translation: 一种用于调谐变频装置的装置。 该设备具有信道标识符，信道交叉引用和频率转换设备调谐器。 信道标识符被配置为识别接收机被调谐到的第一信道。 信道交叉引用器被耦合到信道标识符，并被配置为用第二信道交叉引用第一信道。 频率转换装置调谐器耦合到信道交叉引用器，并且被配置为将频率转换装置调谐到第二信道。 一种用于处理信号的装置。 该装置具有输入端口，信号格式标识符，开关，转换器，输出端口和旁路信号路径。 输入端口配置为接收信号。 信号格式标识符被耦合到输入端口并且被配置为将信号识别为具有第一格式或第二格式。 开关耦合到信号格式标识符。 转换器被配置为耦合到开关并将信号从第一格式转换成第二格式。 输出端口耦合到转换器并被配置为产生信号。 旁路信号路径耦合到输出端口并且被配置为耦合到开关并传送信号。