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    Electro-optic modulator with voltage tunable quantum well waveguide cladding layer
    2.
    发明授权
    Electro-optic modulator with voltage tunable quantum well waveguide cladding layer 失效
    具有电压可调量子阱波导包层的电光调制器

    公开(公告)号：US5825525A

    公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

    申请号：US586195

    申请日：1996-01-12

    Applicant: Alex Harwit

    Inventor： Alex Harwit

    IPC: G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/017 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F1/03

    CPC classification number: B82Y20/00 ,  G02F1/01708 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F2001/0157

    Abstract: An electro-optic modulator (300) comprises a multiple quantum well core layer (320) in which the band gap and refractive index are adjusted to make the core layer (320) transparent to light at a selected wavelength and a voltage tunable, multiple quantum well cladding layer (330) in which an exciton absorption provides the cladding layer (330) with a first refractive index that is less than the core refractive index when a first voltage is applied and a second refractive index that approaches or exceeds the core refractive index when a second voltage is applied. The exciton absorption also provides the voltage tunable cladding layer (330) with a substantially greater absorption coefficient at the selected wavelength than that of the core layer (320). The core and voltage tunable cladding layers (320, 330) are combined with a second cladding layer (310) to form a waveguide in which light is confined to the low loss core layer (320) in the first voltage state and diverted into the highly absorbing voltage tunable cladding layer (330) in the second voltage state. In a preferred embodiment of the modulator (300), the multiple quantum well core and cladding layers (320, 330) comprise GaAs quantum wells and AlGaAs barriers. The small effective absorption coefficient of the core layer (320) and the large difference between this absorption coefficient and that of the voltage tunable cladding layer (330) in the off state provide a modulator (300) characterized by a higher contrast ratio and, simultaneously, a lower insertion loss than are available from conventional electro-absorption or electro-refraction based modulators.

    Abstract translation: 电光调制器（300）包括多量子阱核心层（320），其中调整带隙和折射率以使芯层（320）对于选定波长的光和电压可调谐多重量子（320）是透明的 其中激子吸收为包层（330）提供第一折射率，其在施加第一电压时小于芯折射率，并且第二折射率接近或超过芯折射率 当施加第二电压时。 激子吸收还提供在所选择的波长下比核心层（320）的吸收系数大得多的电压可调包层（330）。 核心和电压可调谐包覆层（320,330）与第二覆层（310）组合以形成波导，其中光在第一电压状态下被限制在低损耗核心层（320），并被转移到高度 在第二电压状态下的吸收电压可调谐包层（330）。 在调制器（300）的优选实施例中，多个量子阱核心和包层（320,330）包括GaAs量子阱和AlGaAs屏障。 核心层（320）的小的有效吸收系数和在该关闭状态下该吸收系数与电压可调谐包层（330）的吸收系数之差大的差异提供了一种以较高对比度为特征的调制器（300），同时 ，比常规电吸收或电折射基调制器可获得的插入损耗更小。

    Optical configuration for optical fiber switch
    4.
    发明授权
    Optical configuration for optical fiber switch 有权
    光纤交换机的光学配置

    公开(公告)号：US06922500B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-07-26

    申请号：US09999878

    申请日：2001-10-24

    Applicant: Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

    Inventor： Cheng-Chung Huang ,  Steven Saeed Nasiri ,  Randall Brian Sprague ,  Alex Harwit ,  Dmitry Vasily Bakin ,  Janusz Bryzek

    IPC: H04Q11/00 ,  G02B6/35

    CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0026

    Abstract: An optical fiber switch in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a first plurality of ports, a second plurality of ports, a first plurality of mirrors disposed on a first surface, and a second plurality of mirrors disposed on a second surface. Each one of the first plurality of mirrors is individually controllable to direct light output from a corresponding one of the first plurality of ports to any one of the second plurality of mirrors. Each one of the second plurality of mirrors is individually controllable to direct to a corresponding one of the second plurality of ports light incident on it from any one of the first plurality of mirrors. Advantageously, optical fiber switches in accordance with embodiments of the present invention may couple more than a thousand input ports to more than a thousand output ports with an insertion loss of less than about 3 decibels.

    Abstract translation: 根据本发明实施例的光纤开关包括第一多个端口，第二多个端口，设置在第一表面上的第一多个反射镜和设置在第二表面上的第二多个反射镜。 所述第一多个反射镜中的每一个单独可控制以将从所述第一多个端口中的相应一个端口的光输出引导到所述第二多个反射镜中的任何一个。 所述第二多个反射镜中的每一个独立地可控制以将所述第二多个端口中的相应一个端口引导到从所述第一多个反射镜中的任何一个反射镜入射到其上的光。 有利地，根据本发明的实施例的光纤交换机可将多于一千个输入端口耦合到多于一千个输出端口，插入损耗小于约3分贝。

    Focus-position compensator
    5.
    发明授权
    Focus-position compensator 有权

    公开(公告)号：US06791759B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-14

    申请号：US10325648

    申请日：2002-12-18

    Applicant: Alex Harwit ,  Paul Robb ,  Janusz Liberkowski

    Inventor： Alex Harwit ,  Paul Robb ,  Janusz Liberkowski

    IPC: G02B2710

    CPC classification number: G02B3/0056 ,  G02B27/0025

    Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a focus-position compensator for reducing focus variations on a microlens array. The focus-position compensator comprises a plurality of tiles that are affixed to a structure disposed between the lenslets of the microlens array and the target of the collimated light from the lenslets. Each tile refractive index and tile thickness is chosen to obtain a tile focus-position correction that will apply to a region of the microlens array.

    Back-reflection reduction device
    6.
    发明授权
    Back-reflection reduction device 有权
    背反射降低装置

    公开(公告)号：US07116866B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-10-03

    申请号：US10353835

    申请日：2003-01-28

    Applicant: Alex Harwit

    Inventor： Alex Harwit

    IPC: G02B6/32

    CPC classification number: G02B6/4249 ,  G02B6/4204 ,  G02B6/4207 ,  G02B6/4212

    Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a back-reflection reduction device that is disposed between a support structure containing a plurality of optical waveguides and a bulk media. The support structure containing the optical waveguides has a substantially flat end face at which the optical waveguides terminate. Where the optical waveguides intersect the end face, they are substantially perpendicular to it. The back-reflection reduction device comprises a window disposed between the bulk media and the support structure. The window has a refractive index that is substantially identical to that of the optical waveguides. The window has an inner side that is affixed to the support structure and an opposing outer side. A gap exists between the window outer side and the bulk media. The gap provides an index of refraction substantially equal to unity.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种设置在包含多个光波导的支撑结构和大块介质之间的背景反射减少装置。 包含光波导的支撑结构具有基本平坦的端面，光波导终止于此。 当光波导与端面相交时，它们基本上垂直于其。 后反射减少装置包括设置在大容量介质和支撑结构之间的窗口。 窗口的折射率基本上与光波导的折射率相同。 窗口具有固定到支撑结构的内侧和相对的外侧。 在窗外侧和大块介质之间存在间隙。 间隙提供基本上等于1的折射率。

    Focus-position compensator
    7.
    发明授权
    Focus-position compensator 失效
    对焦位置补偿器

    公开(公告)号：US06867921B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-15

    申请号：US10825938

    申请日：2004-04-16

    Applicant: Alex Harwit ,  Paul Robb ,  Janusz Liberkowski

    Inventor： Alex Harwit ,  Paul Robb ,  Janusz Liberkowski

    IPC: G02B3/00 ,  G02B27/00 ,  G02B27/10

    CPC classification number: G02B3/0056 ,  G02B27/0025

    Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a focus-position compensator for reducing focus variations on a microlens array. The focus-position compensator comprises a plurality of tiles that are affixed to a structure disposed between the lenslets of the microlens array and the target of the collimated light from the lenslets. Each tile refractive index and tile thickness is chosen to obtain a tile focus-position correction that will apply to a region of the microlens array.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于减少微透镜阵列上的聚焦变化的对焦位置补偿器。 聚焦位置补偿器包括固定到设置在微透镜阵列的小透镜和来自小透镜的准直光的目标之间的结构的多个瓦片。 选择每个瓦片折射率和瓦片厚度以获得将应用于微透镜阵列的区域的瓦片焦点位置校正。

    Assembled multi-surface optical component and method for fabricating
    8.
    发明授权
    Assembled multi-surface optical component and method for fabricating 失效
    组装多表面光学部件及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US06856474B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-02-15

    申请号：US10354901

    申请日：2003-01-29

    Applicant: Alex Harwit

    Inventor： Alex Harwit

    IPC: G02B5/09 ,  G02B3/08 ,  G02B7/02

    CPC classification number: G02B5/09

    Abstract: An assembled optical component has a support structure with a reference surface at which a number of individual optical elements are bonded at predetermined positions. The curvature of the reference surface is selected such that optical surfaces of the optical elements are in a predetermined orientation at their assembly positions. The optical elements are preferably planar mirrors simultaneously fabricated from a wafer. An adhesive film attached to the wafer prior to separation of the optical elements assists in temporarily positioning the elements on a temporary fixture, which holds the elements in position, while they are bonded to the support structure.

    Abstract translation: 组装的光学部件具有支撑结构，其具有参考表面，在该表面处，多个单独的光学元件在预定位置处接合。 选择参考表面的曲率，使得光学元件的光学表面在其组装位置处处于预定取向。 光学元件优选是由晶片同时制造的平面镜。 在分离光学元件之前附着到晶片的胶粘剂有助于将元件临时定位在临时固定装置上，临时固定装置将元件保持在适当位置，同时将它们结合到支撑结构上。

    Hybrid imager
    9.
    发明授权
    Hybrid imager 有权
    混合成像仪

    公开(公告)号：US07796174B1

    公开(公告)日：2010-09-14

    申请号：US11695390

    申请日：2007-04-02

    Applicant: Alex Harwit ,  David A. Dorn ,  Christopher Lynn Mears ,  Morley M. Blouke ,  Robert H. Philbrick ,  Theresa J. Axenson

    Inventor： Alex Harwit ,  David A. Dorn ,  Christopher Lynn Mears ,  Morley M. Blouke ,  Robert H. Philbrick ,  Theresa J. Axenson

    IPC: H04N3/14 ,  H04N5/335

    CPC classification number: H04N5/335 ,  H01L27/14649 ,  H01L27/14806 ,  H01L27/14881 ,  H01L2224/48091 ,  H01L2224/48137 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N5/37206 ,  H04N5/374 ,  H04N5/378 ,  H01L2924/00014

    Abstract: The present invention relates to imaging systems that generally include at least a first substrate, on which a charge coupled device imaging sensor array is formed, and a second substrate on which readout circuitry is formed. Information related to the amount of light incident on pixels included in the imaging sensor array is passed to the readout circuitry as a voltage signal over an interconnection between the imaging sensor array and the readout circuitry. Accordingly, the readout circuitry may sample the output of the imaging sensor array multiple times. The system allows different processes to be used for forming the imaging sensor array and the readout circuitry, while also supporting multiple samples of information provided by the imaging sensor array.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通常包括形成有电荷耦合器件成像传感器阵列的至少第一衬底和其上形成读出电路的第二衬底的成像系统。 与成像传感器阵列中包括的像素相关的光量相关的信息作为成像传感器阵列和读出电路之间的互连上的电压信号传递到读出电路。 因此，读出电路可以多次对成像传感器阵列的输出进行采样。 该系统允许不同的过程用于形成成像传感器阵列和读出电路，同时还支持由成像传感器阵列提供的多个信息样本。

    Rapid hybridization based on cyclical electric fields
    10.
    发明申请
    Rapid hybridization based on cyclical electric fields 审中-公开
    基于周期电场的快速杂交

    公开(公告)号：US20050048513A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-03

    申请号：US10695685

    申请日：2003-10-28

    Applicant: Alex Harwit ,  Junhong Wang

    Inventor： Alex Harwit ,  Junhong Wang

    IPC: C12M3/00 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N33/543 ,  C12M1/34 ,  G01N33/53

    CPC classification number: C12Q1/6832 ,  C12M35/02 ,  C12Q1/6825 ,  G01N33/5438 ,  C12Q2523/307

    Abstract: An apparatus for rapid hybridization of molecules and its methods of use is provided. The apparatus generates cyclical electric fields for electrically moving molecules to specifically enhance the binding efficiency of the molecules with other molecules. The apparatus includes an electrode pair that is in direct contact with a buffer, which includes the molecules. The electrodes and/or a lid could be used to vent generated gases. A temperature controlling means could be used to control the temperature of the buffer. The apparatus is amenable to use with a wide variety of microarrays making it cost-effective.

    Abstract translation: 提供了分子快速杂交装置及其使用方法。 该装置产生用于电移动分子的循环电场，以特异性地增强分子与其他分子的结合效率。 该装置包括与包括分子的缓冲器直接接触的电极对。 电极和/或盖可用于排出产生的气体。 温度控制装置可用于控制缓冲器的温度。 该仪器适用于各种微阵列，使其具有成本效益。

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