摘要:
The invention relates to methods and apparatuses for guiding and emitting electromagnetic radiation from a fluid waveguide. Various methods for changing optical properties (e.g., refractive index, absorption, and fluorescence) and/or physical properties (e.g., magnetic susceptibility, electrical conductivity, and temperature) of either the waveguide core or the cladding, or both, are provided herein. In one embodiment, electromagnetic radiation is guided and/or emitted at multiple distinct wavelengths, including emission in the form of an essentially continuous band, in some cases covering at least 150 nanometers. In another embodiment, methods for splitting a waveguide core and/or the joining of at least two waveguide cores in a waveguide are provided. In yet another embodiment, the invention includes the use of thermal gradients to generate a waveguide and/or to change the properties of waveguides. Embodiments of the waveguides may be used for optical detection or spectroscopic analysis.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to methods for patterning substrates by contact printing methods using tools that include continuous, flexible surfaces having variable surface areas and variable shapes.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to stencils for high-throughput, high-resolution etching of substrates and processes of making and using the same.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to heterogeneous stamp and stencil compositions, methods for patterning substrates using contact printing processes employing the heterogeneous stamps and stencils, and products formed by the contact printing processes.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to methods for patterning substrates using contact printing to form patterns comprising a polymer, using the patterns formed therefrom as resists, and process products formed by the process.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to methods for patterning substrates using contact printing processes and inks comprising an organic semiconductive or semiconductive polymer, inks for use with the processes, and products formed by the processes.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to methods for patterning surfaces using contact printing and pastes, pastes for use with the processes, and products formed therefrom.
摘要:
The present invention is directed to edge-emitting light-emitting diode arrays, a process to prepare the edge-emitting light-emitting diode arrays, and process products prepared by the process.