摘要:
An optical modulator, methods of manufacturing and operating the same, and an optical apparatus including the optical modulator are disclosed. The optical modulator includes an electro-optical converter and an optical-electric converter, stacked perpendicular to a substrate, and a gate transistor. The gate transistor gates a signal transmitted to the electro-optical converter from the optical-electric converter and allows charges generated in the optical-electric converter and charges remaining in the electro-optical converter to flow while bypassing the electro-optical converter when gating ON is performed.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming an insulation layer having a contact hole on a semiconductor substrate. A metal silicide layer is deposited on a surface of the contact hole and the insulation layer to have a concentration gradient that changes from a silicon-rich composition to a metal-rich composition, with the lower portion of the metal silicide layer having the silicon-rich composition and the upper portion of the metal silicide layer having the metal-rich composition. The metal silicide layer is then annealed so that the compositions of metal and silicon in the metal silicide layer become uniform.
摘要:
A channel coding device is disclosed. In the device, a bit inserter inserts known bits in an input data bit stream at predetermined positions. A channel coder codes the bit-inserted data bit stream to generate coded symbols. A rate matcher matches a rate of the coded symbols to a given channel symbol rate. A channel interleaver interleaves the rate matched channel symbols. The rate matcher includes a puncturer for puncturing the inserted known bits included in the coded symbols when the coded symbol rate is higher than the given channel symbol rate. The rate matcher includes a repeater for repeating the coded symbols to match the coded symbol rate to the given channel symbol rate when the coded symbol rate is lower than the given channel symbol rate.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for determining an uplink scheduling priority in a broadband wireless communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a basic priority determination unit for calculating a basic priority metric of at least one Mobile Station (MS), a calculation unit for calculating a correction value for considering an interference level with respect to the basic priority metric by using downlink channel quality of each MS, and a final priority determination unit for determining an uplink scheduling priority by calculating a final priority metric by using the correction value.
摘要:
A wavelength division multiplexed-passive optical network includes an optical line terminal for generating downstream optical signals of discrete wavelengths and for receiving upstream optical signals of discrete wavelengths, a remote node, coupled to the optical line terminal, a wavelength division unit settled to reflect a predetermined wavelength, and a plurality of optical network units. Each optical network unit has an optical source which is oscillated in a multi-mode and is self-injection locked by the predetermined wavelength provided thereto, thereby to generate the upstream optical signal in a single mode to be provided to the remote node.
摘要:
The invention relates to an Ethernet-based all-optical carrier sense multiple access/collision detection apparatus and method, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method capable of checking by using mutual gain saturation whether distortion occurs in two or more optical signals due to mutual interference when the optical signals pass through a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) at the same time, amplifying the optical signals transmitted in the upward direction when no distortion occurs in the optical signals, and monitoring the occupation of a plurality of subscribers with respect to a common network when the plurality of subscribers want to use an optical Ethernet network. The Ethernet-based all-optical carrier sense multiple access/collision detection apparatus according to the invention includes: a plurality of optical network units (ONUs) that carry different optical signals on upstream waves λ and transmit the upstream waves λ; a power splitter (PS) that multiplexes the optical signals and transmits the multiplexed optical signals; and a central office (CO) that checks whether the multiplexed optical signals are distorted, amplifies some of the checked optical signals, returns the other optical signals, and monitors the occupation of the plurality of optical network units with respect to a common network. According to the invention, it is possible to dynamically check whether a collision between the optical signals passing through the common network occurs and whether the optical signals are successfully transmitted. Further, since the invention uses an all-optical type, the existing electric media access control (MAC) device is not needed, which results in a high-speed operation. In addition, the invention can be used for a plurality of subscribers using an inexpensive light source. Thus, the invention can be effectively used for an optical communication industry.
摘要:
Disclosed are a wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) system using self-injection locking, an optical line terminal thereof, and a data transmission method. A wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) system according to an aspect of the invention includes an optical line terminal. The optical line terminal includes a reflector that is installed at the input side of a multiplexer and reflects an optical signal having a predetermined wavelength, and a light source that generates a multimode optical signal to transmit the generated multimode optical signal to the multiplexer through the reflector, receives reflected light by the reflector, and oscillates at a wavelength of the received reflected light. According to the aspect of the invention, it is not necessary to separately control the temperature of a light source for a downstream signal, and stable communication can be performed by collectively controlling wavelengths of downstream channel optical signals for downstream channels through temperature control of the multiplexer.
摘要:
A method for fabricating a non-volatile memory device includes forming a charge tunneling layer composed of a hafnium silicate (HfSixOyNz) layer on a semiconductor substrate. A charge trapping layer composed of a hafnium oxide nitride (HfOxNy) layer is formed on the charge tunneling layer. A charge blocking layer composed of a hafnium oxide layer is formed on the charge trapping layer. A gate layer is formed on the charge blocking layer. A non-volatile memory device fabricated by the method is also disclosed.
摘要翻译:一种用于制造非易失性存储器件的方法包括形成由硅酸铪组成的电荷隧穿层(HfSi x x O x N z N z) 层。 在电荷隧道层上形成由氧化铪氮化物(HfO x N x N y)层构成的电荷捕获层。 在电荷捕获层上形成由氧化铪层构成的电荷阻挡层。 在电荷阻挡层上形成栅极层。 还公开了通过该方法制造的非易失性存储器件。
摘要:
A control method of an image forming control apparatus includes displaying a plurality of setting items about image forming, changing at least one setting value of the plurality of setting items and storing the plurality of setting items, and emphatically displaying a setting item, of which the setting value is changed, among the plurality of setting items.
摘要:
An apparatus and method for channel encoding/decoding are provided which vary an iterative decoding number according to service type, data class and channel condition. A message information receiver receives information about a message to be received. A controller determines an iterative decoding number according to the message information received. A decoder iteratively decodes the received message according to the determined iterative decoding number. The message information includes a class of received data, and the class includes a bit error rate (BER). The iterative decoding number is increased for a low BER as compared to a predetermined BER. Further, the class includes a permissible time delay, and the iterative decoding number is increased for a long permissible time delay as compared to a predetermined permissible time delay. In addition, the message information includes a service type of the received data, and the iterative decoding number is decreased when the service type is a moving picture service.