公开(公告)号：US20080033193A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

申请号：US11764512

申请日：2007-06-18

申请人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C07F5/00 ,  C07C211/00 ,  C07C49/92 ,  C07F17/02

CPC分类号： C07C209/365 ,  B01J31/1616 ,  B01J31/2234 ,  B01J2231/641 ,  B01J2531/828 ,  C07C211/52

摘要： A supported catalyst for hydrogenating nitro groups of halonitro compounds manufactured from a support, a solvent, and one or more types of organometallic complexes. The organometallic complexes have the formula: wherein, R1-R6 are independently an R, OR, OC(═O)R, halogen, or combination thereof, where R stands for an alkyl or aryl group; Y1-Y4 are independently an O, S, N, or P atom; and M is a metal atom. The supported catalysts show much higher selectivity and activity when used to hydrogenate nitro groups on halonitro aromatic compounds than catalyst currently being used for such hydrogenation.

摘要翻译： 用于氢化由载体，溶剂和一种或多种类型的有机金属络合物制造的卤代硝基化合物的硝基的负载型催化剂。 有机金属络合物具有下式：其中R 1 -R 6独立地是R，OR，OC（-O）R，卤素或其组合，其中R 代表烷基或芳基; Y 1 -Y 4个独立地是O，S，N或P原子; M是金属原子。 当用于氢化卤代硝基芳族化合物上的硝基时，与目前用于这种氢化的催化剂相比，负载催化剂显示出更高的选择性和活性。

公开(公告)号：US20070082255A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-12

申请号：US11244521

申请日：2005-10-06

申请人： Gongquan Sun ,  Shuihua Tang ,  Shiguo Sun ,  Qin Xin ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Gongquan Sun ,  Shuihua Tang ,  Shiguo Sun ,  Qin Xin ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： H01M4/96 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/8652 ,  H01M4/8657 ,  H01M4/9008 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  Y10S977/771 ,  Y10S977/773 ,  Y10S977/779

摘要： The fuel cells include electrode membrane assemblies having a nanoparticle catalyst supported on carbon nanorings. The carbon nanorings are formed from one or more carbon layers that form a wall that defines a generally annular nanostructure having a hole. The length of the nanoring is less than or about equal to the outer diameter thereof. The nanorings exhibit high surface area, high porosity, high graphitization, and/or facilitate mass transfer and electron transfer in fuel cell reactions.

摘要翻译： 燃料电池包括具有负载在碳纳米管上的纳米颗粒催化剂的电极膜组件。 碳纳米管由形成限定具有孔的大致环形的纳米结构的壁的一个或多个碳层形成。 纳米的长度小于或等于其外径。 纳米颗粒在燃料电池反应中表现出高表面积，高孔隙率，高石墨化和/或促进质量传递和电子转移。

公开(公告)号：US20060160695A1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-20

申请号：US11101209

申请日：2005-04-07

申请人： Bing Zhou ,  Horacio Trevino ,  Zhihua Wu ,  Zhenhua Zhou ,  Changkun Liu

发明人： Bing Zhou ,  Horacio Trevino ,  Zhihua Wu ,  Zhenhua Zhou ,  Changkun Liu

IPC分类号： B01J29/04 ,  B01J31/00 ,  B01J23/40

CPC分类号： C10G35/09 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/42 ,  B01J23/56 ,  B01J23/626 ,  B01J23/8906 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J37/0203 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B82Y30/00

摘要： A catalyst manufacturing process includes heat treating an intermediate catalyst composition that includes catalyst nanoparticles having catalyst atoms in a non-zero oxidation state bonded to a dispersing/anchoring agent. The catalyst nanoparticles are formed using a dispersing agent having at least one functional group selected from the group of a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, a carbonyl, an amide, an amine, a thiol, a sulfonic acid, sulfonyl halide, an acyl halide, an organometallic complex, and combinations of these. The dispersing agent can be used to form single- or multicomponent supported nanocatalysts. The dispersing agent also acts as an anchoring agent to firmly bond the nanocatalyst to a support. Performing the heat treating process in an inert or oxidative environment to maintain the catalyst atoms in a non-zero oxidation helps maintains a stronger bonding interaction between the dispersing agent and the catalyst atoms. This, in turn, increases the dispersion and/or distribution of catalyst components throughout the supported catalyst.

摘要翻译： 催化剂制造方法包括热处理包含催化剂纳米颗粒的中间催化剂组合物，所述催化剂纳米颗粒具有与分散/锚固剂结合的非零氧化态的催化剂原子。 催化剂纳米颗粒使用具有至少一个选自羟基，羧基，羰基，酰胺，胺，硫醇，磺酸，磺酰卤，酰基卤， 有机金属络合物，以及它们的组合。 分散剂可用于形成单组分或多组分负载的纳米催化剂。 分散剂也起锚固剂的作用，以将纳米催化剂牢固地粘合到载体上。 在惰性或氧化环境中进行热处理工艺以将催化剂原子维持在非零氧化中有助于在分散剂和催化剂原子之间保持更强的粘合相互作用。 这反过来又增加催化剂组分在整个负载的催化剂中的分散和/或分布。

公开(公告)号：US07887771B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

申请号：US11539120

申请日：2006-10-05

申请人： Gongquan Sun ,  Shuihua Tang ,  Shiguo Sun ,  Qin Xin ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Gongquan Sun ,  Shuihua Tang ,  Shiguo Sun ,  Qin Xin ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C01B31/00 ,  C01B31/04 ,  C09C1/44 ,  C09C1/46 ,  B01J21/18

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/18 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926

摘要： Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include 1) forming intermediate carbon nanostructures by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of templating nanoparticles, 2) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructures to form an intermediate composite nanostructure, and 3) removing the templating nanoparticles from the intermediate composite nanostructure to form carbon nanorings. The carbon nanorings manufactured using the foregoing steps have one or more carbon layers forming a wall that defines a generally annular nanostructure having a hole. The length of the nanoring is less than or about equal to the outer diameter thereof. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a fuel cell catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, high graphitization, and facilitate mass transfer and electron transfer in fuel cell reactions. Carbon nanorings manufactured according to the present invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

摘要翻译： 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）通过在模板纳米粒子存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构，2）将中间碳纳米结构碳化，形成中间复合纳米结构，和3）从中间复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米粒子 以形成碳纳米管。 使用上述步骤制造的碳纳米管具有形成壁的一个或多个碳层，所述壁限定具有孔的大致环形的纳米结构。 纳米的长度小于或等于其外径。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作燃料电池催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高表面积，高孔隙率，高石墨化，并促进燃料电池反应中的传质和电子传递。 根据本发明制造的碳纳米管可以用作更昂贵和可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

公开(公告)号：US07718155B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

申请号：US11539042

申请日：2006-10-05

申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C01B31/00 ,  C01B31/04 ,  C09C1/44 ,  C09C1/46 ,  B01J21/18

CPC分类号： H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J37/084 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  H01M4/9083

摘要： Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include: 1) forming a plurality of catalytic templating particles using a plurality of dispersing agent molecules; 2) forming an intermediate carbon nanostructure by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of the plurality of templating nanoparticles; 3) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructure to form a composite nanostructure; and 4) removing the templating nanoparticles from the composite nanostructure to yield the carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, and high graphitization. Carbon nanostructures according to the invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

摘要翻译： 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）使用多个分散剂分子形成多个催化模板颗粒; 2）通过在多个模板纳米颗粒的存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构; 3）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成复合纳米结构; 和4）从复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米颗粒以产生碳纳米结构。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高的表面积，高孔隙率和高石墨化。 根据本发明的碳纳米结构可用作更昂贵且可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

公开(公告)号：US20090048467A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-19

申请号：US11838067

申请日：2007-08-13

申请人： Bing Zhou ,  Changkun Liu

发明人： Bing Zhou ,  Changkun Liu

IPC分类号： C07F9/28 ,  C07C13/18

CPC分类号： B01J31/1633 ,  B01J31/2409 ,  B01J31/2452 ,  B01J2231/643 ,  B01J2531/821 ,  B01J2531/822

摘要： Organic ligands that contain at least one aryl group are immobilized on a solid support. The organic ligands are of the type used to form a catalyst complex suitable for carrying out a catalytic reaction, preferably an asymmetric reaction. To immobilize the organic ligands, a tethering group is bonded to the ligand using, for example, a Friedel-Crafts acylation or alkylation reaction. The immobilization of the organic ligand can be carried out using a single reaction with the organic ligand.

摘要翻译： 含有至少一个芳基的有机配体固定在固体载体上。 有机配体是用于形成适于进行催化反应，优选不对称反应的催化剂络合物的类型。 为了固定有机配体，使用例如Friedel-Crafts酰化或烷基化反应将束缚基团键合到配体上。 有机配体的固定可以使用与有机配体的单一反应进行。

公开(公告)号：US07425520B2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-16

申请号：US11764512

申请日：2007-06-18

申请人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： B01J31/00 ,  C07C209/00

CPC分类号： C07C209/365 ,  B01J31/1616 ,  B01J31/2234 ,  B01J2231/641 ,  B01J2531/828 ,  C07C211/52

摘要： A supported catalyst for hydrogenating nitro groups of halonitro compounds manufactured from a support, a solvent, and one or more types of organometallic complexes. The organometallic complexes have the formula: wherein, R1-R6 are independently an R, OR, OC(═O)R, halogen, or combination thereof, where R stands for an alkyl or aryl group; Y1-Y4 are independently an O, S, N, or P atom; and M is a metal atom. The supported catalysts show much higher selectivity and activity when used to hydrogenate nitro groups on halonitro aromatic compounds than catalyst currently being used for such hydrogenation.

摘要翻译： 用于氢化由载体，溶剂和一种或多种类型的有机金属络合物制造的卤代硝基化合物的硝基的负载型催化剂。 有机金属络合物具有下式：其中R 1 -R 6独立地是R，OR，OC（-O）R，卤素或其组合，其中R 代表烷基或芳基; Y 1 -Y 4个独立地是O，S，N或P原子; M是金属原子。 当用于氢化卤代硝基芳族化合物上的硝基时，与目前用于这种氢化的催化剂相比，负载催化剂显示出更高的选择性和活性。

公开(公告)号：US20080081877A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-03

申请号：US11538339

申请日：2006-10-03

申请人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C08F8/00

CPC分类号： C08F6/02 ,  H01L51/0025 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0039 ,  H01L51/0043

摘要： Conductive polymers are purified using a solid scavenger. The solid scavengers include metal-scavenging functional groups linked to the surface of a particle support material. To improve the functionalization of the support material, the support materials are first treated with sulfuric acid or nitric acid before attaching the molecules containing the metal-scavenging functional groups. The solid scavengers used in the purification methods are more efficient at removing impurities in conductive polymers than existing scavengers.

摘要翻译： 使用固体清除剂纯化导电聚合物。 固体清除剂包括连接到颗粒载体材料表面的金属清除官能团。 为了改善载体材料的功能化，首先在将含有金属清除功能基团的分子连接之前，用硫酸或硝酸处理载体材料。 净化方法中使用的固体清除剂在除去导电聚合物中的杂质比现有的清除剂更有效。

公开(公告)号：US20100135893A1

公开(公告)日：2010-06-03

申请号：US11539120

申请日：2006-10-05

申请人： Gongquan Sun ,  Shuihua Tang ,  Shiguo Sun ,  Qin Xin ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Gongquan Sun ,  Shuihua Tang ,  Shiguo Sun ,  Qin Xin ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C01B31/04 ,  H01M4/88

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/18 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926

摘要： Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include 1) forming intermediate carbon nanostructures by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of templating nanoparticles, 2) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructures to form an intermediate composite nanostructure, and 3) removing the templating nanoparticles from the intermediate composite nanostructure to form carbon nanorings. The carbon nanorings manufactured using the foregoing steps have one or more carbon layers forming a wall that defines a generally annular nanostructure having a hole. The length of the nanoring is less than or about equal to the outer diameter thereof. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a fuel cell catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, high graphitization, and facilitate mass transfer and electron transfer in fuel cell reactions. Carbon nanorings manufactured according to the present invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

摘要翻译： 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）在模板纳米颗粒存在下，通过聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构，2）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成中间复合纳米结构，和3）从中间复合纳米结构中除去模板纳米颗粒 以形成碳纳米管。 使用上述步骤制造的碳纳米管具有形成壁的一个或多个碳层，所述壁限定具有孔的大致环形的纳米结构。 纳米的长度小于或等于其外径。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作燃料电池催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高表面积，高孔隙率，高石墨化，并促进燃料电池反应中的传质和电子传递。 根据本发明制造的碳纳米管可以用作更昂贵和可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

公开(公告)号：US07687601B2

公开(公告)日：2010-03-30

申请号：US11538339

申请日：2006-10-03

申请人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

发明人： Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

IPC分类号： C08F8/00 ,  C08F6/02 ,  C08C2/04

CPC分类号： C08F6/02 ,  H01L51/0025 ,  H01L51/0036 ,  H01L51/0039 ,  H01L51/0043

摘要： Conductive polymers are purified using a solid scavenger. The solid scavengers include metal-scavenging functional groups linked to the surface of a particle support material. To improve the functionalization of the support material, the support materials are first treated with sulfuric acid or nitric acid before attaching the molecules containing the metal-scavenging functional groups. The solid scavengers used in the purification methods are more efficient at removing impurities in conductive polymers than existing scavengers.

摘要翻译： 使用固体清除剂纯化导电聚合物。 固体清除剂包括连接到颗粒载体材料表面的金属清除官能团。 为了改善载体材料的功能化，首先在将含有金属清除功能基团的分子连接之前，用硫酸或硝酸处理载体材料。 净化方法中使用的固体清除剂在除去导电聚合物中的杂质比现有的清除剂更有效。