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    Carbon nanostructures manufactured from catalytic templating nanoparticles
    1.
    发明授权
    Carbon nanostructures manufactured from catalytic templating nanoparticles 失效
    由催化模板纳米颗粒制成的碳纳米结构

    公开(公告)号：US07718155B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

    申请号：US11539042

    申请日：2006-10-05

    申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

    发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

    IPC分类号： C01B31/00 ,  C01B31/04 ,  C09C1/44 ,  C09C1/46 ,  B01J21/18

    CPC分类号： H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J37/084 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  H01M4/9083

    摘要： Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include: 1) forming a plurality of catalytic templating particles using a plurality of dispersing agent molecules; 2) forming an intermediate carbon nanostructure by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of the plurality of templating nanoparticles; 3) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructure to form a composite nanostructure; and 4) removing the templating nanoparticles from the composite nanostructure to yield the carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, and high graphitization. Carbon nanostructures according to the invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

    摘要翻译： 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）使用多个分散剂分子形成多个催化模板颗粒; 2）通过在多个模板纳米颗粒的存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构; 3）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成复合纳米结构; 和4）从复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米颗粒以产生碳纳米结构。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高的表面积，高孔隙率和高石墨化。 根据本发明的碳纳米结构可用作更昂贵且可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

    CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES MANUFACTURED FROM CATALYTIC TEMPLATING NANOPARTICLES
    2.
    发明申请
    CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES MANUFACTURED FROM CATALYTIC TEMPLATING NANOPARTICLES 失效
    由催化态纳米粒子制备的碳纳米管

    公开(公告)号：US20070265162A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-11-15

    申请号：US11539042

    申请日：2006-10-05

    申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

    发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

    IPC分类号： D01F9/12 ,  B01J23/02

    CPC分类号： H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J37/084 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  H01M4/9083

    摘要： Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include: 1) forming a plurality of catalytic templating particles using a plurality of dispersing agent molecules; 2) forming an intermediate carbon nanostructure by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of the plurality of templating nanoparticles; 3) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructure to form a composite nanostructure; and 4) removing the templating nanoparticles from the composite nanostructure to yield the carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, and high graphitization. Carbon nanostructures according to the invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

    摘要翻译： 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）使用多个分散剂分子形成多个催化模板颗粒; 2）通过在多个模板纳米颗粒的存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构; 3）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成复合纳米结构; 和4）从复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米颗粒以产生碳纳米结构。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高的表面积，高孔隙率和高石墨化。 根据本发明的碳纳米结构可用作更昂贵且可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

    CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES MANUFACTURED FROM CATALYTIC TEMPLATING NANOPARTICLES
    3.
    发明申请
    CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES MANUFACTURED FROM CATALYTIC TEMPLATING NANOPARTICLES 审中-公开
    由催化态纳米粒子制备的碳纳米管

    公开(公告)号：US20100125035A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-05-20

    申请号：US12693915

    申请日：2010-01-26

    申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

    发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Changkun Liu ,  Bing Zhou

    IPC分类号： C01B31/04 ,  B01J21/18

    CPC分类号： H01M4/96 ,  B01J21/18 ,  B01J21/185 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J23/74 ,  B01J37/084 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  C01B32/05 ,  H01M4/9083

    摘要： Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures include: 1) forming a plurality of catalytic templating particles using a plurality of dispersing agent molecules; 2) forming an intermediate carbon nanostructure by polymerizing a carbon precursor in the presence of the plurality of templating nanoparticles; 3) carbonizing the intermediate carbon nanostructure to form a composite nanostructure; and 4) removing the templating nanoparticles from the composite nanostructure to yield the carbon nanostructures. The carbon nanostructures are well-suited for use as a catalyst support. The carbon nanostructures exhibit high surface area, high porosity, and high graphitization. Carbon nanostructures according to the invention can be used as a substitute for more expensive and likely more fragile carbon nanotubes.

    摘要翻译： 制造碳纳米结构的方法包括：1）使用多个分散剂分子形成多个催化模板颗粒; 2）通过在多个模板纳米颗粒的存在下聚合碳前体形成中间碳纳米结构; 3）碳化中间碳纳米结构以形成复合纳米结构; 和4）从复合纳米结构中去除模板纳米颗粒以产生碳纳米结构。 碳纳米结构非常适合用作催化剂载体。 碳纳米结构表现出高的表面积，高孔隙率和高石墨化。 根据本发明的碳纳米结构可用作更昂贵且可能更脆弱的碳纳米管的替代物。

    Method for manufacturing carbon nanostructures having minimal surface functional groups
    5.
    发明授权
    Method for manufacturing carbon nanostructures having minimal surface functional groups 失效
    具有最小表面官能团的碳纳米结构的制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US07718156B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-05-18

    申请号：US11614011

    申请日：2006-12-20

    申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Bing Zhou

    发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Bing Zhou

    IPC分类号： C01B31/00 ,  C01B31/04 ,  C09C1/44 ,  C09C1/46 ,  B01J21/18

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/18 ,  C01B32/20 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/82 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/32 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C09C1/44

    摘要： Carbon nanostructures are formed from a carbon precursor and catalytic templating nanoparticles. Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures generally include (1) forming a precursor mixture that includes a carbon precursor and a plurality of catalytic templating particles, (2) carbonizing the precursor mixture to form an intermediate carbon material including carbon nanostructures, amorphous carbon, and catalytic metal, (3) purifying the intermediate carbon material by removing at least a portion of the amorphous carbon and optionally at least a portion of the catalytic metal, and (4) heat treating the purified intermediate carbon material and/or treating the purified intermediate carbon material with a base to remove functional groups on the surface thereof. The removal of functional groups increases the graphitic content of the carbon nanomaterial and decreases its hydrophilicity.

    摘要翻译： 碳纳米结构由碳前体和催化模板纳米颗粒形成。 制造碳纳米结构的方法通常包括（1）形成包含碳前体和多个催化模板颗粒的前体混合物，（2）将前体混合物碳化以形成包括碳纳米结构，无定形碳和催化金属的中间碳材料 （3）通过除去至少一部分无定形碳和任选的至少一部分催化金属来纯化中间碳材料，和（4）对纯化的中间碳材料进行热处理和/或处理纯化的中间碳材料 具有用于除去其表面上的官能团的碱。 官能团的去除增加了碳纳米材料的石墨含量，降低了其亲水性。

    METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES HAVING MINIMAL SURFACE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
    6.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES HAVING MINIMAL SURFACE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS 失效
    制造具有最小表面功能组的碳纳米结构的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080152576A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

    申请号：US11614011

    申请日：2006-12-20

    申请人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Bing Zhou

    发明人： Cheng Zhang ,  Martin Fransson ,  Bing Zhou

    IPC分类号： C09C1/44 ,  C01B31/04

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/18 ,  C01B32/20 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2002/82 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/04 ,  C01P2004/32 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C09C1/44

    摘要： Carbon nanostructures are formed from a carbon precursor and catalytic templating nanoparticles. Methods for manufacturing carbon nanostructures generally include (1) forming a precursor mixture that includes a carbon precursor and a plurality of catalytic templating particles, (2) carbonizing the precursor mixture to form an intermediate carbon material including carbon nanostructures, amorphous carbon, and catalytic metal, (3) purifying the intermediate carbon material by removing at least a portion of the amorphous carbon and optionally at least a portion of the catalytic metal, and (4) heat treating the purified intermediate carbon material and/or treating the purified intermediate carbon material with a base to remove functional groups on the surface thereof. The removal of functional groups increases the graphitic content of the carbon nanomaterial and decreases its; hydrophilicity.

    摘要翻译： 碳纳米结构由碳前体和催化模板纳米颗粒形成。 制造碳纳米结构的方法通常包括（1）形成包含碳前体和多个催化模板颗粒的前体混合物，（2）将前体混合物碳化以形成包括碳纳米结构，无定形碳和催化金属的中间碳材料 （3）通过除去至少一部分无定形碳和任选的至少一部分催化金属来纯化中间碳材料，和（4）对纯化的中间碳材料进行热处理和/或处理纯化的中间碳材料 具有用于除去其表面上的官能团的碱。 官能团的去除增加了碳纳米材料的石墨含量，降低了其碳纳米材料的石墨含量。 亲水性。

    Crystalline nanocatalysts for improving combustion properties of fuels and fuel compositions incorporating such catalysts
    10.
    发明授权
    Crystalline nanocatalysts for improving combustion properties of fuels and fuel compositions incorporating such catalysts 失效
    用于改善燃料燃烧性能的结晶纳米催化剂和掺入这种催化剂的燃料组合物

    公开(公告)号：US07758660B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-20

    申请号：US11351661

    申请日：2006-02-09

    申请人： Bing Zhou ,  Zhihua Wu ,  Martin Fransson

    发明人： Bing Zhou ,  Zhihua Wu ,  Martin Fransson

    IPC分类号： B01D9/00

    CPC分类号： C10L10/02 ,  B01J23/745 ,  B01J35/0013 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J37/08 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/125 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1826 ,  C10L1/1855 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2406 ,  C10L1/2418 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L5/361 ,  C10L9/10 ,  C10L10/04

    摘要： Organically complexed nanocatalyst compositions are applied to or mixed with a carbon-containing fuel (e.g., tobacco, coal, briquetted charcoal, biomass, or a liquid hydrocarbon like fuel oils or gasoline) in order to enhance combustion properties of the fuel. Nanocatalyst compositions can be applied to or mixed with a solid fuel substrate in order to reduce the amount of CO, hydrocarbons, and soot produced by the fuel during combustion. In addition, coal can be treated with inventive nanocatalyst compositions to reduce the amount of NOx produced during combustion (e.g., by removing coal nitrogen in a low oxygen pre-combustion zone of a low NOx burner). The nanocatalyst compositions include nanocatalyst particles made using a dispersing agent. At least a portion of the nanoparticles is crystalline with a spacing between crystal planes greater than about 0.28 nm. The nanocatalyst particles can be activated by heating to a temperature greater than about 75° C., more preferably greater than about 150° C. and most preferably greater than about 250° C.

    摘要翻译： 将有机络合的纳米催化剂组合物施用于含碳燃料（例如烟草，煤，压块炭，生物质或液体烃如燃料油或汽油）或与其混合，以增强燃料的燃烧性能。 纳米催化剂组合物可以施加到固体燃料基质上或与固体燃料基质混合，以便减少在燃烧过程中由燃料产生的CO，烃和烟炱的量。 此外，煤可以用本发明的纳米催化剂组合物处理以减少在燃烧期间产生的NOx的量（例如，通过去除低NOx燃烧器的低氧预燃烧区中的煤氮）。 纳米催化剂组合物包括使用分散剂制备的纳米催化剂颗粒。 纳米颗粒的至少一部分是结晶的，晶面之间的间隔大于约0.28nm。 纳米催化剂颗粒可以通过加热至大于约75℃，更优选大于约150℃，最优选大于约250℃的温度来活化。