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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5242552A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-07
申请号：US735094
申请日：1991-07-25
摘要： The present invention resides in a process and apparatus for the electrolytic production of strong solutions of halogen oxyacids, more specifically for the production of such acids having a normality of about 0.1 to about 3.6 from the corresponding alkali metal salts of such acids. The present invention comprises establishing a solution of the corresponding alkali metal salt having a molar concentration less than that at which precipitation of said salt occurs. An electrolytic cell is provided comprising an anode compartment containing an anode, a cathode compartment containing a cathode, and a middle feed compartment intermediate the anode compartment and cathode compartment. The feed compartment is separated from the anode compartment by a diaphragm and from the cathode compartment by a cation-selective membrane. Means are provided for introducing said alkali metal salt solution into said middle feed compartment and for applying a voltage between the anode and cathode. Under the influence of the applied voltage, the alkali metal ions migrate through the cation-selective membrane to the cathode, reacting with hydroxyl ions to form alkali metal hydroxide, and the oxyhalogen ions migrate through the diaphragm to the anode reacting with protons to form halogen oxyacid. Means are provided for maintaining the cell at a temperature in the range of about 10.degree. C. to about 40.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 本发明在于一种用于电解生产卤素含氧酸的强溶液的方法和装置，更具体地说是从相应的这种酸的碱金属盐生产正常值为约0.1至约3.6的酸。 本发明包括建立摩尔浓度小于所述盐析出的摩尔浓度的相应碱金属盐的溶液。 提供一种电解池，包括一阳极室，该阳极室包含一阳极，一阴极室和一阴极室，以及位于阳极室和阴极室之间的中间供料室。 进料室通过隔膜与阳极隔室分离，并通过阳离子选择膜从阴极室分离。 提供了用于将所述碱金属盐溶液引入所述中间进料室并用于在阳极和阴极之间施加电压的装置。 在施加电压的影响下，碱金属离子通过阳离子选择膜迁移到阴极，与羟基离子反应形成碱金属氢氧化物，氧卤素离子通过隔膜迁移到负极与质子反应形成卤素 含氧酸 提供了用于将电池维持在约10℃至约40℃范围内的温度的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US6051117A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-18
申请号：US76833
申请日：1997-11-05
申请人： Donald S. Novak , Douglas J. Waskovich , Mark L. Arnold , Kevin J. O'Leary , Eric J. Rudd , Thomas J. Gilligan, III , Timothy M. Hambor
发明人： Donald S. Novak , Douglas J. Waskovich , Mark L. Arnold , Kevin J. O'Leary , Eric J. Rudd , Thomas J. Gilligan, III , Timothy M. Hambor
CPC分类号： C25B9/00 , C25B11/035 , C25B13/00 , C25B9/04 , Y10T428/12153 , Y10T428/1216 , Y10T428/12479
摘要： An apertured and porous metal article can find use, for example, in diaphragm or membrane electrolysis cells. The article may comprise a thin and flexible metal foam of small pores which, typically, has been perforated with large apertures. The article may also be provided with an electrocatalytic coating. It can be in substantial physical contact with a membrane or diaphragm separator used in the cell for separating anode and cathode members or compartments. There is also disclosed the preparation of the article and an electrolysis cell utilizing the resulting apertured and porous metal article.
摘要翻译： 有孔和多孔的金属制品可以用于例如隔膜或膜电解池中。 该制品可以包括薄的和柔性的小孔的金属泡沫，其通常通常被穿孔的大孔。 该制品还可以具有电催化涂层。 它可以与用于分离阳极和阴极部件或隔室的电池中使用的膜或隔膜分离器大量物理接触。 还公开了该制品的制备和利用所得到的多孔金属制品的电解槽。
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公开(公告)号：US5082538A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-21
申请号：US638938
申请日：1991-01-09
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for replenishing metal ions in an electrolyte depleted of the metal ions. A preferred example is replenishing tin in the electrolyte of an electrolytic tinning apparatus having an insoluble anode. The electrolyte thus becomes depleted of tin in the electrotinning process. The replenishment apparatus comprises an electrolytic cell including a tin anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte chamber for the tin anode and the cathode. The cathode is a gas diffusion electrode. An electrical circuit, usually having additional circuit resistance but free of connection to an external power source, connects the anode to the cathode. The electrolyte chamber has an electrolyte inlet, and an electrolyte outlet which is in flow communication with the electrolytic tinning apparatus. The gas diffusion electrode is exposed, on its gas side, to a source of gaseous reactant, e.g., oxygen.When the anode and cathode of the electrolytic cell are connected together electrically, a current flows between the anode and the cathode, without an external power source. The current flow is at a current density which is effective to dissolve the tin of said tin anode into the electrolyte. The usual cell cathode reaction involves oxygen reduced to water in an acidic electrolyte.
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公开(公告)号：US06395153B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-28
申请号：US09655967
申请日：1999-09-10
申请人： Rudolf C. Matousek , Mark L. Arnold , Barry L. Martin , Eric J. Rudd , Lynne M. Ernes , Zoilo J. Colon , Gary F. Wyman , Joseph J. Chance
发明人： Rudolf C. Matousek , Mark L. Arnold , Barry L. Martin , Eric J. Rudd , Lynne M. Ernes , Zoilo J. Colon , Gary F. Wyman , Joseph J. Chance
IPC分类号： C25B900
摘要： The present invention pertains to electrolytic diaphragm cells, particularly for the electrolysis of brine to produce chlorine and caustic. The innovation resides generally in the discovery that electrolytic cell operation can be desirably enhanced by compressing the diaphragm between anode and cathode. This compression of the diaphragm reduces the diaphragm thickness from an original thickness, e.g., from an original thickness of a diaphragm freshly deposited on a cathode. The reduced thickness of the diaphragm provides for cell operation that is less than zero gap operation. By maintaining the diaphragm under compression and in a reduced thickness, the cell operates with a narrower interelectrode gap and consequently at a desirably reduced cell voltage.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及电解隔膜电池，特别是用于电解盐水以产生氯和苛性碱。 该创新通常在于通过在阳极和阴极之间压缩膜片可以期望提高电解池操作的发现。 隔膜的这种压缩使隔膜厚度从原始厚度减小，例如从刚刚沉积在阴极上的隔膜的原始厚度。 膜片的减小的厚度提供小于零间隙操作的电池操作。 通过将隔膜保持在压缩和减小的厚度下，电池以更窄的电极间间隙运行，并因此以期望的电池电压降低。
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公开(公告)号：US4822509A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-18
申请号：US928230
申请日：1986-11-06
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , C01G49/02 , G11B5/70694 , C01P2002/60 , C01P2004/32 , C01P2004/38 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/42
摘要： A highly magnetic isotropic iron oxide powder with a uniform particle size distribution and particle size in the range from 0.005 to 0.2 micrometer consists of a mixed iron oxide exhibiting gamma (Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3) and ferrite (Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4) structure, having the empirical formula Fe.sub.72-x O.sub.96, where x has a value between 2 to 7, an aspect ratio of at most 2:1 and a temperature coefficient of coercivity of less than -0.7% per degree Celcius. The mixed oxide is optionally a cobalt-modified mixed iron oxide containing 2-6% by weight of cobalt and is obtained by heating ultrafine, ferrite particles in a controlled, oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 240.degree. C. to 320.degree. C. for a period of one to three hours.
摘要翻译： 具有均匀粒度分布和粒度在0.005至0.2微米范围内的高磁性各向同性氧化铁粉末由具有经验式Fe72-xO96的具有γ（Fe 2 O 3）和铁氧体（Fe 3 O 4）结构的混合氧化铁组成， 其中x具有2至7之间的值，至多2:1的纵横比和矫顽力的温度系数小于-0.7％/摄氏度。 混合氧化物任选是含有2-6重量％钴的钴改性混合氧化铁，并且通过在240℃至320℃的温度下在受控的氧化气氛中加热超细铁素体颗粒而获得，以获得 一到三个小时的时间。
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公开(公告)号：US4332662A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-01
申请号：US166422
申请日：1980-07-07
申请人： Dirk Pouli , Leo S. Melnicki , Eric J. Rudd
发明人： Dirk Pouli , Leo S. Melnicki , Eric J. Rudd
摘要： An improved electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of alkali metal halide solutions to produce halides and alkali metal hydroxides is provided wherein current reductions are obtained by the passage of an oxidizing gas, such as oxygen, into a porous cathode to depolarize the cathode and eliminate the porduction of hydrogen. The cathode is provided with small diameter pores for diffusion of said oxidizing gas, and larger diameter pores or holes for liquid product flow through the cathode. The cathode, separator, and anode may be in direct contact with each other in a sandwich configuration, thus eliminating the need for a catholyte compartment and external H.sub.2 O feed lines.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于电解碱金属卤化物溶液以生产卤化物和碱金属氢氧化物的改进的电解池，其中通过氧气等氧化气体（例如氧气）通入多孔阴极而获得电流降低，以使阴极去极化并消除阴极 的氢。 阴极设置有用于扩散所述氧化气体的小直径孔，以及用于液体产物流过阴极的较大直径孔或孔。 阴极，隔板和阳极可以以夹层结构彼此直接接触，因此不需要阴极电解液隔室和外部H 2 O供料管线。
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