摘要:
A method for coding includes; segmenting an image into blocks; grouping blocks into a number of subsets; coding, using an entropy coding module, each subset, by associating digital information with symbols of each block of a subset, including, for the first block of the image, initializing state variables of the coding module; and generating a data sub-stream representative of at least one of the coded subsets of blocks. Where a current block is the first block to be coded of a subset, symbol occurrence probabilities for the first current block are determined based on those for a coded and decoded predetermined block of at least one other subset. Where the current block is the last coded block of the subset: writing, in the sub-stream representative of the subset, the entire the digital information associated with the symbols during coding of the blocks of the subset, and implementing the initializing sub-step.
摘要:
A method for the drainage of permeate gases from a flexible tubular pipe and a pipe embodied for carrying out the method. The pipe comprises at least one inner pressure sleeve, for the transport of hydrocarbons, which contain permeate gases which diffuse across the wall of the inner pressure sleeve. The pipe has an outer sleeve and several reinforcement layers, arranged in an annular zone between the outer sleeve and the inner pressure sleeve. The annular zone has transport ducts in which the permeate gases can circulate towards the removal. The method comprises a forced circulation of the permeate gases in the annular zone through the transport ducts towards the removal.
摘要:
To filter a digital signal, in which, for each sample of the signal, a plurality of context functions take account of a predetermined number of other samples of the signal: the value of a context function from the plurality of context functions for each sample to be filtered is calculated; the signal is divided into a set of sub-signals corresponding respectively to the different values of the context functions; and, for each sub-signal: an optimal filter is determined according to a first criterion that depends on the values of the sub-signal; and the optimal filter is associated with the context function corresponding to the sub-signal.Application to the coding of a digital signal representing an image.
摘要:
A method of dividing a digital signal representing physical quantities, including the step of determining an initial partitioning of the signal, displaying representation of the signal and the previously determined signal partitioning, acquiring at least one partitioning modification parameter, and modifying the partitioning of the signal.
摘要:
The invention proposes a digital signal coding method including a step (E1) of analysing the digital signal (IM) into a plurality of frequency sub-bands, at least one first sub-band having a lower frequency and at least one second sub-band having a higher frequency, characterised in that it includes, for each second sub-band, the steps of: dividing (E4) the second sub-bands into blocks (Bp,n), selecting (E9) first blocks which are to be coded by setting to a predetermined value and second blocks which are to be coded by trellis coded quantization, according to a selection criterion, linking (E16) the second blocks selected at the previous step in order to form a series of blocks, coding (E17) the series of blocks by trellis coded quantization of a series of coefficients extracted from the second blocks of the second sub-band.
摘要:
In order to progressively transmit a digital image (IM), a method for coding the image comprises the division (E1) of the image into vectors (V.sub.m,n), the selection (E2) of a code vector (VC.sub.d) associated with an index (A.sub.d) for each of the image vectors, and the replacement (E2) of the image vectors by the indices associated with the selected code vectors, in order to produce a plane of indices (PI) representing the image. The method comprises the steps of sub-sampling (E3) the plane of indices (PI) into sub-planes of indices (SPI.sub.1 to SPI.sub.F) respectively comprising indices selected from the plane of indices, and ordering (E4) the sub-planes of indices according to a predetermined order before transmitting them.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a flexible tubular pipe (1) of the unbonded type and including, from the inside to the outside, an internal carcass (2), first and second polymeric sheaths (3, 4), at least one tensile armor layer (6, 7) and a polymeric sealing sheath (8) and also at each of its ends, a connecting endpiece (10) comprising i.a., a tubular sleeve (15). The tubular sleeve (15) of a first endpiece (10) includes means (30, 31, 32) for draining the gases from the gap (25) between the sheaths (3, 4) towards the outside of the pipe (1) and the tubular sleeve of the second endpiece (10) including means for draining the gases from the gap (25) between two sheaths (3, 4) towards the outside or towards the inside of the pipe (1).
摘要:
A method for coding includes; segmenting an image into blocks; grouping blocks into a number of subsets; coding, using an entropy coding module, each subset, by associating digital information with symbols of each block of a subset, including, for the first block of the image, initializing state variables of the coding module; and generating a data sub-stream representative of at least one of the coded subsets of blocks. Where a current block is the first block to be coded of a subset, symbol occurrence probabilities for the first current block are determined based on those for a coded and decoded predetermined block of at least one other subset. Where the current block is the last coded block of the subset: writing, in the sub-stream representative of the subset, the entire the digital information associated with the symbols during coding of the blocks of the subset, and implementing the initializing sub-step.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a flexible tubular underwater pipe (10): A leakproof tubular structure (12, 14, 16) is covered with at least one layer (18, 20) of armor wires. At least one continuous longitudinal element made of a deformable material is wound in a helix with short pitch around the layer (18, 20) of armor wires to form a holding layer 24. The at least one longitudinal element is wound under longitudinal tension T0 so as to stretch its deformable material according to a relative elongation corresponding to a tensile stress σ0 less than the elastic limit value σE of the deformable material, and the elastic limit value σE corresponds to a tensile stress beyond which the deformation of the material is irreversible.
摘要:
A method for encoding is adapted to process a digital video signal composed of video frames into a bitstream. Each frame is divided into blocks and at least one block of a current frame is encoded by motion compensation using a block of a reference frame. The method comprises computing a difference frame between a current frame and a reference frame of said current frame, and selecting a subset of data representative of the difference frame computed. The subset of data selected is further encoded to obtain an encoded difference frame. Next, the encoded difference frame is decoded and the decoded difference frame is added to the reference frame to obtain an improved reference frame. Subsequently, the improved reference frame is used for motion compensation encoding of said current frame.