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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5017553A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-21
申请号：US469976
申请日：1990-01-25
申请人： Graham A. Whitlow , Natraj C. Iyer
发明人： Graham A. Whitlow , Natraj C. Iyer
IPC分类号： H01L39/14
CPC分类号： H01L39/143 , Y10S505/74 , Y10T428/12076
摘要： A superconductor is made, having a core (10) of superconducting material, enclosed by a contacting metallic sheath (12), where the sheath (12) contains a layer of Ag-Pd alloy with interdispersed, discrete particles of a metal selected from the group consisting of W, Mo, Ni and their mixtures.
摘要翻译： 制造超导体，其具有由接触金属护套（12）包围的超导材料芯（10），其中护套（12）包含Ag-Pd合金层，其具有分散的离散的金属颗粒，其选自 由W，Mo，Ni及其混合物组成的组。
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公开(公告)号：US4927992A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-22
申请号：US21856
申请日：1987-03-04
CPC分类号： B22F3/1055 , B22F2003/1056 , B22F2998/00 , Y02P10/295
摘要： Near net shape metal articles are cast from powder feedstock using a focused high energy beam which melts successive layers of powder as it repetitively traces the shape of the article over a substrate without the necessity for refocusing. Powder is fed into a cavity in which the article is formed at a rate to maintain a depth which provides lateral support for, and therefore forms a mold for, a thick layer of powder which is melted by the energy beam to add each layer to the article. The high energy laser or electron beam has a power density sufficient to penetrate the melted layer of powder and melt the surface of the underlying substrate or layer just enough to provide a good metallurgical bond for the layer being added. A copper fixture which supports the substrate while the article is being formed, serves as a heat sink and forms the cavity which confines the powder to the vicinity of the article being formed. Various shapes can be cast through selected programming of the repetitive pattern of relative motion between the energy beam and the substrate.
摘要翻译： 接近网状的金属制品由粉末原料使用聚焦的高能量光束铸造，该聚焦高能束熔化连续的粉末层，因为其在衬底上重复地追踪制品的形状，而不需要重新聚焦。 将粉末以一定的速度送入制品制成的空腔中，以保持深度，该深度为由能量束熔化的厚粉末层提供侧向支撑，并因此形成模具，以将每层加入到 文章。 高能量激光或电子束的功率密度足以穿透融化的粉末层，并熔化下面的基底或层的表面，足以为被加入的层提供良好的冶金结合。 在形成物品的同时支撑基板的铜固定装置用作散热器并形成将粉末限制在所形成的物品附近的空腔。 可以通过对能量束和衬底之间的相对运动的重复图案的选择编程来铸造各种形状。
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公开(公告)号：US4782768A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-08
申请号：US92849
申请日：1987-08-24
申请人： Suh Y. Lee , Graham A. Whitlow
发明人： Suh Y. Lee , Graham A. Whitlow
CPC分类号： F23G5/20 , F23G2203/205 , F23G2203/207
摘要： An improved rotary combustor has side walls with slanted openings. Air used to support combustion passes through the slanted openings and is directed at an acute angle to a vector in the direction of rotation of the combustion barrel. As a result, the air is directed towards the combustion area within the barrel.
摘要翻译： 改进的旋转燃烧器具有带有倾斜开口的侧壁。 用于支持燃烧的空气通过倾斜的开口并且与燃烧筒旋转方向上的矢量成锐角。 结果，空气被引向枪管内的燃烧区域。
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公开(公告)号：US4748737A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-07
申请号：US802562
申请日：1985-11-27
CPC分类号： H01L39/2403 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A method of removing tenacious oxide film from particulates, such as submicron sized superconductor powder, to enhance the electrical characteristics of superconductor wire fabricated from the powder. The method includes removing the oxide film with an alkali metal, or a hydroxide of an alkali metal, and coating or plating the particles with a metal whose oxide is easily reduced just prior to use, such as by annealing the coated particulate in hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 从颗粒（如亚微米尺寸的超导体粉末）中除去顽固的氧化膜的方法，以增强由粉末制成的超导体线的电特性。 该方法包括用碱金属或碱金属的氢氧化物除去氧化膜，并且在使用之前用氧化物容易地还原的金属（例如通过在氢气中退火涂覆的颗粒）来涂覆或镀覆该颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US5516995A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-14
申请号：US220129
申请日：1994-03-30
CPC分类号： H01H1/0203 , H01H11/048
摘要： A new class of low chop contact materials based on Ag-chromium carbide and Ag-Cr compositions have an essentially 100% dense, porosity free microstructure. These materials combine the advantageous properties of Ag-WC and Cu-Cr contacts without their disadvantages. A method of making this new class of low chop contact materials includes the steps of cold pressing a mixture of Ag and chromium or chromium carbide to form an unsintered blank and the elevated temperature infiltration of silver into the unsintered blank to obtain an essentially 100% dense, porosity free microstructure.
摘要翻译： 基于Ag-碳化铬和Ag-Cr组合物的一类新型低切削接触材料具有基本上100％致密，无孔隙的微结构。 这些材料结合了Ag-WC和Cu-Cr接触的有利特性而没有其缺点。 制造这种新型低切接触材料的方法包括以下步骤：将Ag和铬或碳化铬的混合物冷压以形成未烧结的坯料，并将银的高温浸入到未烧结的坯料中以获得基本上100％致密的 ，无孔隙微结构。
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公开(公告)号：USH970H
公开(公告)日：1991-10-01
申请号：US363019
申请日：1989-06-08
摘要： An integrated process for decontamination of metals, particularly metals that are used in the nuclear energy industry contaminated with radioactive material. The process combines the processes of electrorefining and melt refining to purify metals that can be decontaminated using either electrorefining or melt refining processes.
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公开(公告)号：US4889059A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-26
申请号：US309742
申请日：1989-02-13
申请人： Graham A. Whitlow , Suh Y. Lee
发明人： Graham A. Whitlow , Suh Y. Lee
CPC分类号： F23G5/20 , F23M5/08 , Y10S29/048
摘要： A rotary combustor has a wall formed from water cooled pipes that are secured together by welded perforated strips. The strips comprise cylindrical shaped metallic rods and the perforations are provided either by forming apertures through the cylindrical shaped metallic rods, or by slots formed between segments by spacing segments of cylindrical shaped rods along the pipes, or by gaps formed between welds that are provided at spaced intervals along the pipes and rods. A method of fabricating a rotary combustor wall is also provided.
摘要翻译： 旋转燃烧器具有由水冷管形成的壁，其通过焊接的穿孔条固定在一起。 条带包括圆柱形金属杆，穿孔通过形成通过圆柱形金属棒的孔，或通过沿着管道间隔成圆柱形杆的间隙，或通过在管道之间形成的间隙而形成， 沿着管道和杆的间隔。 还提供了制造旋转燃烧器壁的方法。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5701993A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-30
申请号：US257990
申请日：1994-06-10
CPC分类号： C22C1/0425 , C22C1/0475 , H01H1/0206
摘要： A 100% dense, porosity free copper-chromium contact has been prepared in which deleterious porosity has been eliminated. This copper-chromium contact has been produced by pressurizing liquid copper to infiltrate an evacuated chromium based, lightly sintered, highly porous preform. The electrical contact has one of either a homogeneous Cr distribution and a graded Cr distribution. The apparatus used to effect the molten metal infiltration has two independent, physically separated chambers--a first cold chamber and a second hot chamber. The first chamber is under no applied pressure except inside a gating system used to transfer molten Cu into the porous preform in the first chamber. The new contact has about 15-30% Cr material and a high erosion resistant contact surface. The graded Cr distribution has a Cr rich layer with about 25-50% by weight Cr, an intermediate Cr layer with about 15-20% by weight Cr, a low Cr layer with about 5-15% Cr and a Cr poor layer with about 1-5% Cr above a copper substrate.
摘要翻译： 已经制备了100％密度，无孔隙率的铜 - 铬接触，其中消除了有害的孔隙率。 这种铜 - 铬接触是通过加压液体铜来渗透真空的铬基，轻度烧结的高度多孔的预制棒来制备的。 电接触具有均匀的Cr分布和分级的Cr分布之一。 用于实现熔融金属渗透的装置具有两个独立的物理分离的室 - 第一冷室和第二热室。 第一室没有施加压力，除了在用于将熔融的铜转移到第一室中的多孔预制件中的浇注系统之外。 新的接触层具有约15-30％Cr材料和高抗腐蚀接触面。 分级的Cr分布具有富Cr层，其具有约25-50重量％的Cr，具有约15-20重量％Cr的中间Cr层，具有约5-15％Cr的低Cr层和具有约5-15％Cr的Cr不良层， 铜基底上约1-5％Cr。
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公开(公告)号：US5330088A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-19
申请号：US54171
申请日：1993-04-30
CPC分类号： B23K35/007 , H01H1/0203 , H01H11/045 , B23K35/3006 , Y10S428/929 , Y10T428/12806
摘要： A layer selected from a group comprising: molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, osmium, rhenium, ruthenium and an alloy of two or more thereof on the under surface of an electrical contact acts as a barrier to copper diffusion from the braze material into the contact structure. A thin nickel layer on the barrier facilitates the brazing of the barrier coated contact surface to the copper electrodes.
摘要翻译： 选自包括钼，钽，钨，锇，铼，钌以及其中两个或更多个的合金在电接触的下表面上的层作为铜从铜焊材料扩散到接触结构中的屏障 。 屏障上的薄镍层有利于阻挡涂层的接触表面与铜电极的钎焊。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5223478A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US707525
申请日：1991-05-30
IPC分类号： H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/248 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A method to form a superconducting wire or ribbon contains the steps: (1) forming ceramic powder, (2) forming pellets from the powder, (3) inserting the pellets in a metal sheath, (4) reducing the cross-section of the sheathed pellets to form a composite, (5) sealing the composite in a deformable container, (6) hot isostatically pressing the composite at a temperature over 600.degree. C., where the temperature is close to or just above the melting point of the core, and (7) annealing the pressed composite in a source of oxygen at a temperature from 770.degree. C. to 870.degree. C. for at least 40 hours.
摘要翻译： 形成超导线或带的方法包括以下步骤：（1）形成陶瓷粉末，（2）从粉末形成颗粒，（3）将颗粒插入金属护套中，（4）减小 （5）将复合材料密封在可变形的容器中，（6）在温度超过600℃的温度下将复合材料热等静压，其中温度接近或刚好高于芯的熔点 ，和（7）将压制的复合材料在氧源中在770℃至870℃的温度下退火至少40小时。
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