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公开(公告)号：US6126439A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-03
申请号：US909737
申请日：1997-08-12
申请人： Hans Peter Knopfel , Giacomo Bolis
发明人： Hans Peter Knopfel , Giacomo Bolis
CPC分类号： F23D11/402 , F23C7/002 , F23D17/002 , F23C2900/07002 , F23D2209/10
摘要： In a premix burner, the swirl-stabilized interior space (18) has a conical inner body (13) running in the direction of flow. The outer casing of the interior space (18) is pierced by tangentially arranged air-inlet ducts (11a, 12a) through which a combustion-air flow (16) flows into the interior space (18). The swirl flow (23) forming in the interior space (18) is enriched with a fuel via at least one fuel lance (17). The mixture of the two media is then formed in the downstream mixing tube (21). The mixing tube (21) then merges into a combustion space (31) via a jump in cross section, a backflow zone (32) forming in the region of the plane of the jump in cross section, which backflow zone (32) ensures the stability of the combustion.
摘要翻译： 在预混合燃烧器中，旋流稳定的内部空间（18）具有在流动方向上延伸的锥形内部主体（13）。 内部空间（18）的外壳由切向排列的空气入口管道（11a，12a）刺穿，燃烧空气流通过该入口管道流入内部空间（18）。 在内部空间（18）中形成的涡流（23）经由至少一个燃料喷枪（17）富集燃料。 然后在下游混合管（21）中形成两种介质的混合物。 混合管（21）然后通过横截面的跳跃而合并到燃烧空间（31）中，形成在横截面的跳跃平面的区域中的回流区（32），该回流区（32）确保 燃烧的稳定性。
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公开(公告)号：US5954496A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-21
申请号：US919476
申请日：1997-08-28
CPC分类号： F23D17/002 , F23C7/002 , F23D11/402 , F23C2202/40 , F23C2900/07002
摘要： In a burner for operating a combustion chamber, which burner essentially comprises a swirl generator (100) and a mixing section (220) arranged downstream of the swirl generator, this mixing section acting upstream of a combustion chamber (30), the swirl flow induced by the swirl generator (100) is directed via transition passages (201) into the mixing section (220). At the outlet of a mixing tube (20) belonging to the mixing section (220), the burner front (70) of the mixing tube (20) is provided with at least one torus-like notch (71) on the combustion-chamber side. Thus the stability of the backflow zone (50) can be intensified, which has a positive effect on the combustion from all aspects.
摘要翻译： 在用于操作燃烧室的燃烧器中，该燃烧器基本上包括涡流发生器（100）和布置在涡流发生器下游的混合部分（220），该混合部分作用在燃烧室（30）的上游，引起涡流 通过涡流发生器（100）通过过渡通道（201）被引导到混合部分（220）中。 在属于混合部分（220）的混合管（20）的出口处，混合管（20）的燃烧器前部（70）在燃烧室上设置有至少一个环面凹口（71） 侧。 因此，可以加强回流区（50）的稳定性，从而从各个方面对燃烧产生积极的影响。
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公开(公告)号：US5921766A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-13
申请号：US852548
申请日：1997-05-07
CPC分类号： F23D17/002 , F23C7/002 , F23C2900/07002
摘要： In a burner of the double-cone design for burning liquid (12) and gaseous fuels (16), the at least two sectional cone bodies (1, 2) overlap at least partly, the overlap angle (.delta.) increasing in the direction of flow of the burner, and the distance between the fuel injectors (15) and the air-inlet plane (21) into the burner increasing simultaneously with the increase in the overlap angle (.delta.). As a result, the air-inlet plane (21) and the fuel-injection plane (22) no longer coincide. Improved premixing of the gaseous fuel (16) with the combustion air is achieved by the invention, which leads to lower NOx emissions of the burner and to lower thermal loading of the burner front.
摘要翻译： 在用于燃烧液体（12）和气态燃料（16）的双锥设计的燃烧器中，至少两个截面锥体（1,2）至少部分重叠，重叠角（delta）在 随着重叠角度（delta）的增加，燃烧器的流动以及燃料喷射器（15）和入口平面（21）之间到燃烧器中的距离增加。 结果，空气入口平面（21）和燃料喷射平面（22）不再重合。 通过本发明实现了气体燃料（16）与燃烧空气的改进的预混合，这导致燃烧器的NOx排放降低并降低燃烧器前部的热负荷。
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公开(公告)号：US6027331A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US187343
申请日：1998-11-06
申请人： Klaus Dobbeling , Hans Peter Knopfel , Thomas Ruck
发明人： Klaus Dobbeling , Hans Peter Knopfel , Thomas Ruck
CPC分类号： F23D11/402 , F23C7/002 , F23D14/02 , F23D17/002 , F23C2900/07002 , F23D2900/14021
摘要： In a burner for operating a combustion chamber, which burner essentially comprises a swirl generator (100), a transition piece (200) arranged downstream of the swirl generator, and a mixing tube (20), transition piece (200) and mixing tube (20) forming the mixing section of the burner and being arranged upstream of a combustion space (30). The swirl generator (100) itself comprises at least two hollow, conical sectional bodies (140, 141, 142, 143) which are nested one inside the other in the direction of flow, the respective center axes of these sectional bodies running mutually offset in such a way that the adjacent walls of the sectional bodies form inlet ducts (120), tangential in their longitudinal extent, for a combustion-air flow (115). In the region where the combustion-air flow (115) flows into the swirl generator (100), fuel injectors (116, 116a) are arranged on both sides along the inflow edges, which fuel injectors act offset with respect to one another, in such a way that the inflow cross section of the duct (120) is integrally covered with fuel, with the result that a maximized premixing is achieved.
摘要翻译： 在用于操作燃烧室的燃烧器中，该燃烧器基本上包括涡旋发生器（100），设置在涡流发生器下游的过渡件（200）和混合管（20），过渡件（200）和混合管 20）形成燃烧器的混合部分并且布置在燃烧空间（30）的上游。 漩涡发生器（100）本身包括至少两个中空圆锥形截面体（140,141,142,143），它们沿流动方向嵌套在另一个中，这些截面体的相应中心轴线相互偏移 这样一种方式使得截面体的相邻壁形成对于燃烧空气流（115）在其纵向范围内切向的入口管道（120）。 在燃烧空气流（115）流入涡流发生器（100）的区域中，燃料喷射器（116,116a）沿着流入边缘布置在两侧，燃料喷射器相对于彼此偏移地起作用 这样使得管道（120）的流入横截面被燃料整体覆盖，结果实现了最大化的预混合。
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公开(公告)号：US09181873B2
公开(公告)日：2015-11-10
申请号：US13186867
申请日：2011-07-20
CPC分类号： F02C6/18 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/77 , B01D2257/504 , F01D17/141 , F01K23/10 , F02C3/34 , Y02C10/06 , Y02C10/08 , Y02E20/14 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/326
摘要： A method is provided for CO2 separation from a combined-cycle power plant with exhaust-gas recirculation and CO2 separation. The hot-gas flow is split into a recirculation flow and an exhaust-gas flow before the final turbine stage in the turbine. A first partial flow remains in the turbine and carries out expansion work in the conventional form, before its waste heat is dissipated, for example in a waste-heat boiler, and the gases are recirculated into the inlet flow of the gas turbine. A second partial flow is diverted before the final turbine stage, and emits its waste heat in an HRSG/heat exchanger, before CO2 is separated from the exhaust-gas flow at an increased pressure level.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种从具有废气再循环和CO 2分离的联合循环发电厂中分离CO2的方法。 在涡轮机的最终涡轮级之前，热气流分为再循环流和排气流。 第一部分流动保留在涡轮机中，并且在其废热消散之前，例如在废热锅炉中，以常规形式进行膨胀工作，并且气体再循环到燃气轮机的入口流中。 第二部分流在最终涡轮级之前被转移，并且在CO 2在增加的压力水平下与废气流分离之前，在HRSG /热交换器中排放其余的热量。
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公开(公告)号：US6155820A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-05
申请号：US192531
申请日：1998-11-17
申请人： Klaus Dobbeling , Hans Peter Knopfel , Thomas Ruck
发明人： Klaus Dobbeling , Hans Peter Knopfel , Thomas Ruck
CPC分类号： F23D11/402 , F23C7/002 , F23D14/02 , F23D17/002 , F23C2900/07002 , F23D2900/14021
摘要： In a burner for operating a heat generator, which burner essentially comprises a swirl generator (100), a transition piece (200) arranged downstream of the swirl generator, and a mixing tube (20), transition piece (200) and mixing tube (20) form the mixing section of the burner, this mixing section being arranged upstream of a combustion space (30). In the region of the tangential combustion-air-directing inflow ducts (101b-104b), fuel-directing ducts (121-124), the cross section of flow of which is designed for a low-calorific fuel (116), extend along the swirl generator (100). The fuel-directing ducts (121-124) end at a distance upstream of the transition of the tangential inflow ducts (101b-104b) into an interior space of the swirl generator (100), whereby partial mixing between the two media (115, 117) takes place before the mixture flows into the interior space (118). In addition, this setting-back provides sufficient space for other fuel-directing lines (111-114) in this region.
摘要翻译： 在用于操作热发生器的燃烧器中，该燃烧器基本上包括旋流发生器（100），设置在涡流发生器下游的过渡件（200）和混合管（20），过渡件（200）和混合管 20）形成燃烧器的混合部分，该混合部分设置在燃烧空间（30）的上游。 在切向燃烧空气引导入流管道（101b-104b）的区域中，其流动为低热量燃料（116）设计的横截面的燃料导向管道（121-124）沿着 涡流发生器（100）。 燃料导向管道（121-124）在切向流入管道（101b-104b）的过渡的上游距离旋转发生器（100）的内部空间中终止，从而两个介质（115， 117）在混合物流入内部空间（118）之前进行。 此外，该设置为该区域中的其他燃料引导线（111-114）提供足够的空间。
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公开(公告)号：US5885068A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US828540
申请日：1997-03-31
CPC分类号： F23R3/343 , F23R3/02 , F23R3/42 , F23D2900/00015
摘要： In a combustion chamber of a gas-turbine group which essentially comprises a mixing section (2) for premixing an air/fuel mixture (16) and a downstream combustion space (3), a jump (5) in cross section is provided at the transition between the two said flow sections (2/3). This jump (5) in cross section induces the cross section of flow of the combustion space (3) and at the same time forms outer recirculation zones (10) in the combustion space (3). Flow passages (4) branch off in the end phase of the mixing section (2), which flow passages (4) then lead into the outer recirculation zones (10). A portion (9) of the air/fuel mixture flows out of the mixing section (2) through these flow passages (4) and into the outer recirculation zones (10), the portion being enriched here with an additional fuel (6). This fuel (6) is introduced via a circular line (19) provided with bores (18). The branched off mixture (9) constitutes a self-igniting pilot flame in the outer recirculation zones (10), which pilot flame substantially stabilizes the flame front (20).
摘要翻译： 在燃气轮机组的燃烧室中，主要包括用于预混空气/燃料混合物（16）和下游燃烧空间（3）的混合部分（2），横截面上设有横截面（5） 两个流动部分（2/3）之间的过渡。 横截面中的这种跳跃（5）引起燃烧空间（3）的流动的横截面，同时在燃烧空间（3）中形成外循环区（10）。 流动通道（4）在混合部分（2）的末端分支，该流动通道（4）然后导入外部再循环区域（10）。 空气/燃料混合物的一部分（9）通过这些流动通道（4）流出混合部分（2）并进入外部再循环区域（10），该部分在这里用另外的燃料（6）富集。 该燃料（6）通过设有孔（18）的圆形管线（19）引入。 分支混合物（9）在外部再循环区域（10）中构成自燃引燃火焰，该引燃火焰基本稳定火焰前沿（20）。
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公开(公告)号：US5791894A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US747569
申请日：1996-11-12
CPC分类号： F23D17/002 , F23C7/002 , F23D11/402 , F23D14/62 , F23C2900/07002
摘要： In a premix burner having a swirl-stabilizing interior space (20) which is essentially formed by sectional shells (11, 12) nested one inside the other in a mutually offset manner as well as by a conically running inner body (13), one feed duct (11c, 12c) each extends upstream of the tangential air-inlet slots (11a, 12a) formed by the offset sectional shells, which feed duct (11c, 12c) is fitted at least with means (11d, 12d) for swirling an air flow (23) and with means for introducing a fuel (24). The introduction of the fuel is preferably arranged downstream of the means for swirling the air flow.
摘要翻译： 在具有旋转稳定的内部空间（20）的预混合燃烧器中，所述旋转稳定内部空间（20）基本上由相互偏移的方式嵌套在另一个内部以及由圆锥形运行的内部主体（13）嵌套的截面壳体（11,12）形成， 进料管道（11c，12c）各自在由偏移截面壳体形成的切向进气狭槽（11a，12a）的上游延伸，进料管道（11c，12c）至少装配有用于旋转的装置（11d，12d） 空气流（23）和用于引入燃料（24）的装置。 燃料的引入优选地布置在用于旋转空气流的装置的下游。
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公开(公告)号：US5147200A
公开(公告)日：1992-09-15
申请号：US619439
申请日：1990-11-29
申请人： Hans-Peter Knopfel , Claude Pelet , Hans Peter
发明人： Hans-Peter Knopfel , Claude Pelet , Hans Peter
CPC分类号： F23C7/002 , F23C7/06 , F23C9/00 , F23D17/002 , F23C2202/30 , F23C2900/07002 , F23C2900/09002 , Y02E20/348
摘要： In a firing installation, fresh air (6) is drawn in and mixed with a fraction of flue gases (7), which are taken from the combustion chamber (1), by means of a fan (5) which acts outside of the casing of the firing installation. The fresh air/flue gas mixture (8) thus formed flows on its way to the combustion chamber (1) through a first heat exchanger (2a) whose caloric preparation is accomplished by the flue gases (7) fed in. In the combustion chamber (1) itself, this mixture flows through a heat exchanger (2) placed there. Before the mixture (9) thus preheated is fed as combustion air to a burner (4), it undergoes a further mixing with flue gases via a number of jet injectors (3), which further increases the temperature of this combustion air (10), with an optimized flue gas fraction.
摘要翻译： 在点火装置中，新鲜空气（6）被吸入并与从燃烧室（1）中取出的一部分烟道气（7）混合，借助于在壳体外部作用的风扇（5） 的射击安装。 这样形成的新鲜空气/烟道气混合物（8）通过第一热交换器（2a）流入燃烧室（1），第一热交换器（2a）的热量准备由进料的烟道气（7）完成。在燃烧室 （1）本身，这种混合物流过放置在那里的热交换器（2）。 在将如此预热的混合物（9）作为燃烧空气进料到燃烧器（4）之前，经由多个喷射喷射器（3）进一步与烟道气混合，这进一步增加了该燃烧空气（10）的温度， ，具有优化的烟气分数。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4436814A
公开(公告)日：1984-03-13
申请号：US325819
申请日：1981-11-30
申请人： Hans Muller , Hans-Peter Knopfel , Felix Muller , Rolf H. Kretz
发明人： Hans Muller , Hans-Peter Knopfel , Felix Muller , Rolf H. Kretz
CPC分类号： C12P7/06 , C12P19/14 , Y02E50/17 , Y10S435/813
摘要： In a method for the recovery of enzymes, the activity of which after the treatment of starch-containing raw materials used for the production of fermentation alcohol is still not exhausted, the liquid phase containing solutions with still active enzymes after the first separation of the protein fraction is led to a fermentation, then a distillation. The wash water for the protein fraction is provided with a portion of the total amount of alpha-amylase necessary for starch hydrolysis of the raw material and then solids are again separated. The enzyme-containing wash water for the second separated solids is led back into the first enzymatic degradation stage simultaneously with a portion of the slop coming from the distillation.
摘要翻译： 在回收酶的方法中，用于生产发酵酒精的含淀粉原料处理后的活性仍未消耗，在第一次分离蛋白质后，含有活性酶的液相含有活性酶 馏分导致发酵，然后进行蒸馏。 用于蛋白质级分的洗涤水提供了原料淀粉水解所需的α-淀粉酶总量的一部分，然后再分离固体。 用于第二分离固体的含酶洗涤水与来自蒸馏的一部分斜率同时引导回到第一酶促降解阶段。
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