Apparatus for sensing temperature and/or strain in an object with
optical fiber Bragg gratings
    3.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for sensing temperature and/or strain in an object with optical fiber Bragg gratings 失效
    用于用光纤布拉格光栅感测物体中的温度和/或应变的装置

    公开(公告)号:US6018160A

    公开(公告)日:2000-01-25

    申请号:US40936

    申请日:1998-03-19

    申请人: Ian Bennion Lin Zhang

    发明人: Ian Bennion Lin Zhang

    摘要: Apparatus for sensing temperature and/or strain in an object includes a broadband light source (1), connector means (2) in the form of an optical circulator or an optical coupler to which at least two substantially identical optical fiber Bragg gratings (4, 5) are connected. Grating (4) receives the broadband light from the connector means (2) and functions as a sensor of temperature and/or strain in an object. Light is reflected back from the grating (4) to the connector means (2) and then passed to the grating (5) which acts as a reference grating through which a light output signal is transmitted to a detector (8) which is conveniently a photodetector. Means are provided for chirping the two gratings (4, 5) at the same bandwidth and the detector (8) measures the intensity of the received light output signal, with the intensity being monotonically related to the change in temperature and/or strain sensed by the grating (4) in the object.

    摘要翻译: 用于感测物体中的温度和/或应变的装置包括宽带光源(1),光环行器或光耦合器形式的连接器装置(2),至少两个基本相同的光纤布拉格光栅(4, 5)连接。 光栅(4)接收来自连接器装置(2)的宽带光,并且用作物体中温度和/或应变的传感器。 光从光栅(4)反射回连接器装置(2),然后传递到光栅(5),光栅(5)作为参考光栅,光输出信号通过该光栅传输到检测器(8),该检测器方便地 光电探测器 提供了用于以相同带宽啁啾两个光栅(4,5)的装置,并且检测器(8)测量所接收的光输出信号的强度,其强度与由温度和/或应变感测的温度和/或应变的变化单调相关 物体中的光栅(4)。

    Method of Producing a Surface Plasmon Generator, a Surface Plasmon Generator and a Sensor Incorporating the Surface Plasmon Generator
    4.
    发明申请
    Method of Producing a Surface Plasmon Generator, a Surface Plasmon Generator and a Sensor Incorporating the Surface Plasmon Generator 审中-公开
    制造表面等离子体发生器,表面等离子体发生器和结合表面等离子体发生器的传感器的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110116094A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-05-19

    申请号:US12743036

    申请日:2008-11-04

    IPC分类号: G01N21/55 G02F1/295 G02B1/12

    摘要: Surface plasmon generation on a metal or semiconductor layer at an outer surface of an optical waveguide, using light reflected or scattered from inside the optical waveguide. One aspect provides a main optical waveguide (11) (e.g. optical fibre) having a second optical waveguide (18) adhered thereto, the second optical waveguide including an optically transparent material (610) separating two surface plasmon supporting layers (600, 620). Another aspect provides a surface plasmon supporting layer of material(s) adhered to the main optical waveguide, the layer having photo-induced regions of material compaction. The regions of compaction may cause un-inscribed refractive index modulations in the main optical waveguide. The surface plasmons are coupled to the guided mode(s) in the main optical waveguide. Surface plasmon resonance depends on sample material in contact with an outermost surface plasmon supporting layer. Properties of the sample material can thus be detected in output guided mode(s) because of the coupling with the generated surface plasmons.

    摘要翻译: 使用从光波导内部反射或散射的光在光波导的外表面上的金属或半导体层上产生表面等离子体。 一方面提供一种具有粘附到其上的第二光波导(18)的主光波导(11)(例如光纤),第二光波导包括分离两个表面等离子体支撑层(600,620)的光学透明材料(610)。 另一方面提供了粘附到主光波导的材料的表面等离子体支撑层,该层具有光诱导材料压实区域。 压实区域可能在主光波导中引起未内切的折射率调制。 表面等离子体激元与主光波导中的引导模式耦合。 表面等离子体共振取决于与最外表面等离子体支撑层接触的样品材料。 因此,由于与产生的表面等离子体激元的耦合,因此可以在输出引导模式中检测样品材料的特性。

    Optical devices utilizing photochromic compounds
    5.
    发明授权
    Optical devices utilizing photochromic compounds 失效
    使用光致变色化合物的光学器件

    公开(公告)号:US4990287A

    公开(公告)日:1991-02-05

    申请号:US162385

    申请日:1988-02-19

    摘要: An optical resonant assembly which comprises a plurality of partially light-transmitting mirrors, a layer of photochromic material disposed between the mirrors, a light source providing a light beam of variable intensity incident on the layer of photochromic material and detecting means for determining transmittance values of said incident beam at different intensity levels, said photochromic material having a low quantum yield for bleaching with light of a wavelength corresponding to said light beam and being selected from pyran compounds of the general formula (I) below: ##STR1## wherein X and Y together represent a spiro-adamantylidene group or a spiro-carbocyclic or heterocyclic group or X and Y independently represent hydrogen, alkyl (preferably lower alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms) or phenyl and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each independently represent hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, halogen or a heterocyclic group and R.sup.1 reprsents hydrogen, lower alkyl, aryl, aloxy, alkyl- or dialkyl amino, halogen, or heterocyclic or R.sup.1 represents a fused benzene ring at the 5, 6 or 7, 8 positions.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / GB87 / 00428 Sec。 371日期1988年2月19日 102(e)日期1988年2月19日PCT Filed 1987年6月19日PCT公布。 第WO87 / 07963号公报 日期:1987年12月30日。一种光学谐振组件,包括多个部分透光镜,设置在反射镜之间的光致变色材料层,提供入射在光致变色材料层上的具有可变强度的光束的光源,以及 用于确定所述入射光束在不同强度水平下的透射率值的检测装置,所述光致变色材料具有低量子产率,用于对与所述光束相对应的波长的光进行漂白,并且选自下列通式(I)的吡喃化合物: (I)其中X和Y一起表示螺 - 金刚烷基或螺 - 碳环或杂环基,或X和Y独立地表示氢,烷基(优选具有1至5个碳原子的低级烷基)或苯基和R 3和 R 4各自独立地表示氢,烷基,芳烷基,芳基,卤素或杂环基,R 1表示氢,低级烷基,芳基, 或二烷基氨基,卤素或杂环,或R 1表示在5,6或7,8位上的稠合苯环。

    Surface Plasmons
    6.
    发明申请
    Surface Plasmons 审中-公开
    表面斑点

    公开(公告)号:US20090303489A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-12-10

    申请号:US12306225

    申请日:2007-07-13

    IPC分类号: G01N21/55

    摘要: The generation of surface plasmons on a metal layer arranged upon an outer surface of an optical waveguide, using light reflected from inside the optical waveguide. The reflected light may be a reflected part of guided light travelling along the optical waveguide and may be a back-reflected (e.g. obliquely back-reflected) part of the guided light. The reflected part of guided light may form a radiative optical mode(s) which is used to excite surface plasmons and which is also coupled to the remaining guided mode(s) of the light from which it derives. This coupling of the radiation mode(s) and the guided mode(s) enables changes in the radiation mode(s) to cause consequential changes in the guided mode(s) of light. Such changes in the radiation mode(s) may occur due to the coupling of the reflected mode(s) to the surface plasmons they excite at the metal layer.

    摘要翻译: 使用从光波导内部反射的光,在布置在光波导的外表面上的金属层上产生表面等离子体激元。 反射光可以是沿着光波导传播的导向光的反射部分,并且可以是被引导光的反射(例如斜后反射)部分。 引导光的反射部分可以形成辐射光学模式,其用于激发表面等离子体激元,并且还耦合到其衍生的光的剩余引导模式。 辐射模式和引导模式的这种耦合使得能够改变辐射模式以引起光的导向模式的相应变化。 由于反射模式与它们在金属层上激发的表面等离子体激元的耦合,可能会发生辐射模式的这种变化。

    Gires-Tournois etalons and dispersion compensators
    7.
    发明授权
    Gires-Tournois etalons and dispersion compensators 失效
    Gires-Tournois标准具和色散补偿器

    公开(公告)号:US07580184B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-08-25

    申请号:US11813424

    申请日:2005-12-15

    IPC分类号: H04B10/17 G02F1/295 G02B6/34

    摘要: A Gires-Tournois etalon (GTE) (10) comprising an optical fiber (12) in which a primary chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (16) is provided, an RF signal generator (20), a piezoelectric transducer (22), and a glass horn (24), for coupling an acoustic wave (26) into the fiber (12). The acoustic wave (26) causes a periodic compression within the fiber (12), which induces a low frequency periodic refractive index modulation within the grating section (14) of the fiber (12). This causes two side frequency components to be generated for each high-frequency component of the FBG (16). Two secondary grating are thus excited, having the same spectral bandwidth as the FBG (16), but a lower reflectivity and different central wavelengths. The free spectral range of the GTE (10) can be adjusted by varying the frequency of the acoustic wave (26). The reflectivity of the excited secondary gratings can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude of the acoustic wave (26).

    摘要翻译: 包括其中设置有主啁啾光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)(16))的光纤(12)的Gires-Tournois标准具(GTE)(10),RF信号发生器(20),压电换能器(22) 和用于将声波(26)耦合到光纤(12)中的玻璃喇叭(24)。 声波(26)引起光纤(12)内的周期性压缩,其在光纤(12)的光栅部分(14)内引起低频周期性折射率调制。 这导致为FBG(16)的每个高频分量产生两个侧频分量。 因此,两个次级光栅被激发,具有与FBG(16)相同的光谱带宽,但是较低的反射率和不同的中心波长。 GTE(10)的自由光谱范围可以通过改变声波的频率来调节(26)。 激发的二次光栅的反射率可以通过调节声波的振幅来调节(26)。

    Torsion Sensor
    8.
    发明申请
    Torsion Sensor 审中-公开
    扭转传感器

    公开(公告)号:US20090201503A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-08-13

    申请号:US12306240

    申请日:2007-07-09

    IPC分类号: G01J4/00 G02B6/00

    CPC分类号: G01M11/088 G01L3/12

    摘要: A torsion sensor using an optical waveguide in optical communication with a diffraction grating, preferably a tilted grating, and most preferably a tilted Bragg grating, which provides the optical waveguide and grating with a torsion-dependent collective optical transmission spectrum. Changes in the collective optical transmission spectrum of the waveguide and grating, induced by changes in the amount of torsion applied to the waveguide, may be detected by detecting a corresponding change in the intensity of optical radiation transmitted through the grating from a controlled optical source. The degree of change in the collective optical transmission spectrum is dependent upon the degree of torsion (twist) applied to the optical waveguide. Measuring the magnitude and/or sense (i.e. increase/decrease) in the intensity of optical radiation transmitted through the grating from an optical source enables torsion to be sensed.

    摘要翻译: 一种扭转传感器,其使用与衍射光栅光学通信的光波导,优选为倾斜光栅,最优选为倾斜布拉格光栅,其向光波导和光栅提供扭转依赖的集体光透射光谱。 可以通过从受控光源检测透过光栅的光辐射的强度的相应变化来检测由施加到波导的扭转量的变化而引起的波导和光栅的集体光透射光谱的变化。 集体光透射光谱的变化程度取决于施加到光波导的扭转程度(扭曲)。 测量从光源传输通过光栅的光辐射的强度的大小和/或感觉(即增加/减少)使得能够感测扭转。

    Optical waveguide based surface profiling apparatus
    10.
    发明授权
    Optical waveguide based surface profiling apparatus 失效
    基于光波导的表面轮廓设备

    公开(公告)号:US07221814B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-05-22

    申请号:US10521335

    申请日:2003-07-23

    IPC分类号: G02B6/00

    摘要: Surface profiling apparatus (10) according to one embodiment comprises three long period gratings (LPGs) (12, 14, 16) fabricated in progressive three layered (PTL) fibre (18) and embedded within a deformable carrier member (40) comprising a skeleton (42) provided between two sheets of flexible rubber skin (44, 46). The LPGs (12, 14, 16) are illuminated by three wavelength modulated, narrow bandwidth optical signals, each having a different wavelength and modulation frequency. A photodetector (26) connected to three lock-in amplifiers (28, 30, 32) measures the amplitudes of the first and second harmonic frequency components of the photodetector output signal corresponding to each LPG (12, 14, 16). Similar surface profiling apparatus (10) forms the basis for respiratory function monitoring apparatus (100) in which five LPGs are provided within each of four PTL fibres (104, 106, 108, 110) and embedded in four carrier members (40a–d) attached to a garment (114) to be worn by a subject.

    摘要翻译: 根据一个实施例的表面轮廓设备(10)包括以渐进三层(PTL)纤维(18)制造并嵌入在包括骨架的可变形载体构件(40)内的三个长周期光栅(LPG)(12,14,16) (42)设置在两片柔性橡胶表皮(44,46)之间。 LPG(12,14,16)由三个波长调制窄带宽光信号照亮,每个具有不同的波长和调制频率。 连接到三个锁定放大器(28,30,32)的光电检测器(26)测量对应于每个LPG(12,14,16)的光电检测器输出信号的第一和第二谐波频率分量的振幅。 类似的表面轮廓设备(10)形成呼吸功能监测设备(100)的基础,其中在四个PTL光纤(104,106,108,110)的每一个内提供五个LPG并嵌入四个载体构件(40a-d) 附着到要被受试者佩戴的衣服(114)上。