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公开(公告)号：US4058441A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-15
申请号：US581674
申请日：1975-05-28
CPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C23G1/36 , C25C1/06 , Y02P10/212
摘要： Regeneration of spent hydrochloric acid after use for pickling iron, whichherefore contains iron chlorides, by electrolysis in the cathodic and intermediate compartments of an electrodialysis cell. The installation includes electric circuitry for connecting up the anode as well as input conduits for the spent acid but otherwise consists essentially of an electrodialysis cell with an uneven number of compartments wherein each cathodic compartment is separated from the adjacent intermediate compartment by an anion-selective membrane while a cation-selective membrane separates each intermediate compartment from the anodic compartment, the latter being filled with an anolyte whose total Faraday yield for water oxidation is close to 1. Electrolysis is conducted with current densities at the cathode of 0.1 - 20 A/dm.sup.2, at the anode corresponding to the water oxidation reaction and at the membranes such that their perm-selectivity is close to 1. The ionic strengths in equivalents of the regenerated solution and of the untreated spent acid are the same.
摘要翻译： 废酸盐在使用后由于在电渗析池的阴极和中间隔室中电解而酸化铁，因此含有氯化铁。 该装置包括用于连接阳极的电路以及用于废酸的输入管道，但是其它部分基本上由具有不均匀数量隔室的电渗析池组成，其中每个阴极室通过阴离子选择性膜与相邻的中间隔室分离 而阳离子选择性膜将每个中间隔室与阳极室隔开，后者充满阳极电解液，其全部法拉第水分氧化产率接近1.电解以阴极0.1-20A / dm 2的电流密度进行 在对应于水氧化反应的阳极和膜处，使得它们的选择性接近1。再生溶液和未处理的废酸的当量离子强度相同。
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2.发明授权Process for making amino alcohols by electrochemical reduction of nitro alcohols 失效通过电化学还原硝基醇制备氨基醇的方法
公开(公告)号：US4678549A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-07
申请号：US828558
申请日：1986-02-10
CPC分类号： C25B3/04
摘要： A process for producing amino alcohols by electrosynthesis of nitro alcohols.Reduction of the nitro group is performed in three stages on a cathode made of a material having a strong hydrogen overpotential. During the second stage of reduction, the electronegative potential is higher, and in the last stage the sulfuric solution of amino alcohol obtained is subjected to a purification operation by electro-electrodialysis (EED), followed by an elimination of water.The process is particularly useful for the production of 2-nitro-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-nitro-2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 2-nitro-2-ethyl-1, 3-propanediol, 2-nitro-1-butanol, tris(hydroxymethyl) nitromethane.
摘要翻译： 一种通过电合成硝基醇生产氨基醇的方法。 在由具有强氢过电位的材料制成的阴极上分三个阶段进行硝基的还原。 在第二次还原期间，电负性电位较高，在最后阶段，通过电渗析（EED）对得到的氨基醇的硫酸溶液进行纯化操作，然后除去水。 该方法特别适用于制备2-硝基-2-甲基-1-丙醇，2-硝基-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇，2-硝基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇，2 硝基-1-丁醇，三（羟甲基）硝基甲烷。
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公开(公告)号：US4175027A
公开(公告)日：1979-11-20
申请号：US831918
申请日：1977-09-09
申请人： Jean-Claude Catonne , Jean Royon , Maurice Bonnemay , Marie-Therese Descarsin , Marcel Bernard-Maugiron , Henri Fencki , Jean-Francois Fayolle
发明人： Jean-Claude Catonne , Jean Royon , Maurice Bonnemay , Marie-Therese Descarsin , Marcel Bernard-Maugiron , Henri Fencki , Jean-Francois Fayolle
CPC分类号： C25C7/007 , C25C1/16 , Y02P10/234
摘要： In a process for recovering zinc from residues containing it, particularlyrom ashes and hard-spelters coming from galvanizing baths, and which comprises the extraction by electrolysis of the zinc contained in the alkaline or acid solutions obtained. The solutions deriving from the ashes are obtained by dissolving their relatively low metallic zinc content granulometric fraction, the high metallic zinc content granulometric fraction of these ashes being re-introduced directly into the galvanizing bath advantageously after a leaching treatment and the solutions deriving from the hard-spelters are obtained by dissolving them either by having recourse to a corrosion cell or by forming by means of these hard-spelters the anodes of an electrolysis circuit.
摘要翻译： 在从含有它的残渣中回收锌的方法中，特别是来自镀锌浴的灰分和硬质合金，并且包括通过电解提取所得到的碱或酸溶液中所含的锌。 通过溶解其相对较低的金属锌含量粒度部分得到来自灰分的溶液，这些灰分的高金属锌含量粒度分数有利地在浸出处理后直接重新引入镀锌浴中，并且从硬 通过溶解它们可以通过溶解腐蚀电池或通过这些硬质涂层将电解电路的阳极形成来获得。
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4.发明授权Process and plant for electrolytically coating surface of a roll, for the continuous casting of thin metal strip, with a metal laser 有权用于电镀表面的辊的工艺和设备，用于金属激光的连续铸造薄金属带公开(公告)号：US06228242B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09147205
申请日：1998-12-09
IPC分类号： C25D500
CPC分类号： C25D1/04
摘要： Both a process and plant are provided for electrolytically coating with a metal layer the casting surface of a roll for twin-roll or single-roll continuous casting of thin metal strip. The casting surface is at least partially immersed in an electrolyte solution containing a salt of the metal to be deposited, so as to face at least one anode. The surface is placed at a cathode and a relative movement is created between the casting surface and the electrolyte solution. Insulating masks are interposed between the anode or anodes and the arrises of the casting surface, the insulating masks preventing a concentration of the lines of current on the arrises and in their vicinity.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种工艺和设备用于用金属层进行电解涂覆，辊的铸造表面用于薄金属带的双辊或单辊连续铸造。 铸造表面至少部分地浸入含有要沉积的金属的盐的电解液中，以面对至少一个阳极。 表面被放置在阴极处，并且在铸造表面和电解质溶液之间产生相对运动。 绝缘掩模插入在阳极或阳极和铸造表面的前端之间，绝缘面罩防止电流线在集线区及其附近。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5788824A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-04
申请号：US838847
申请日：1997-04-11
IPC分类号： B22D11/04 , B22D11/057 , B22D11/059 , B22D11/06 , C23F17/00 , C25D3/12 , C25D5/24 , C25D5/34 , C25F5/00 , C23C28/00 , C25D5/12 , C25D7/04
CPC分类号： C25F5/00 , B22D11/0651 , C25D5/34
摘要： The subject of the invention is a process for conditioning the copper or copper-alloy external surface of an element of a mold for the continuous casting of metals, of the type including a step of nickel plating of said surface and a step of nickel removal therefrom, wherein: a preparation of said surface, comprising in succession an operation of cleaning said bare surface, an operation of pickling said bare surface in an oxidizing acid medium and an operation of brightening said bare surface, is carried out; then, an operation of nickel plating of said bare surface is carried out by electroplating, by placing said element as the cathode in an electrolyte consisting of an aqueous nickel sulfamate solution containing from 60 to 100 g/l of nickel; then, after said element has been used, an operation of partially or completely removing the nickel from said surface electrolytically is carried out, by placing said element as the anode in an electrolyte consisting of an aqueous nickel sulfamate solution containing from 60 to 100 g/l of nickel and sulfamic acid in an amount from 20 to 80 g/l, and the pH of which is less than or equal to 2; and then a new nickel plating of said surface is carried out, if appropriate preceded by a preparation of the surface of the bared copper as explained previously.
摘要翻译： 本发明的主题是一种用于连续铸造金属的模具元件的铜或铜合金外表面的方法，包括所述表面的镀镍步骤和从其中除去镍的步骤 其中：所述表面的制备方法，连续地包括清洁所述裸露表面的操作，在氧化酸性介质中酸洗所述裸露表面的操作和使所述裸露表面变亮的操作; 然后，通过电镀进行所述裸露表面的镀镍操作，将所述元件作为阴极放置在由含有60-100g / l镍的氨基磺酸镍水溶液组成的电解液中; 然后，在使用所述元件之后，通过将所述元件作为阳极放置在由含有60-100g / m 2的氨基磺酸镍水溶液组成的电解液中，进行从所述表面电解部分或完全去除镍的操作， l的镍和氨基磺酸的量为20至80g / l，其pH值小于或等于2; 然后如前所述，如果适当的话，进行所述表面的新的镍电镀，之前是如先前所述的裸露铜的表面的制备。
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