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    Apparatus for use in maxillary orthopaedics
    1.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for use in maxillary orthopaedics 失效
    用于上颌骨矫形器的装置

    公开(公告)号：US4255138A

    公开(公告)日：1981-03-10

    申请号：US071500

    申请日：1979-08-31

    申请人： Hermann-Josef Frohn

    发明人： Hermann-Josef Frohn

    IPC分类号： A61C7/00

    CPC分类号： A61C7/00

    摘要： Apparatus for use in maxillary orthopaedics comprises a time-measuring device 18 fitted in a cavity in a moulding means 13 which is made of plastics material and is carried in the mouth. The time-measuring device 18 consists of an electronic counter which is connected to an impulse generator. The impulse generator is actuated by a switch 17 which is arranged to be in a different state according to whether the device is worn or not. The time-measuring device is connected, via leads 20' and switch 17, to a battery 16 also fitted in a cavity in the moulding means 13.

    摘要翻译： 用于上颌骨矫形器的装置包括装配在模制装置13中的空腔中的时间测量装置18，模制装置13由塑料材料制成并被携带在口中。 时间测量装置18由连接到脉冲发生器的电子计数器组成。 脉冲发生器由开关17驱动，开关17根据装置是否被磨损而处于不同的状态。 时间测量装置经由引线20'和开关17连接到也装配在模制装置13中的空腔中的电池16。

    Micromanipulator
    3.
    发明授权
    Micromanipulator 失效
    微操纵器

    公开(公告)号：US5325010A

    公开(公告)日：1994-06-28

    申请号：US108400

    申请日：1993-08-18

    申请人： Karl-Heinz Besocke ,  Martin Teske ,  Josef Frohn ,  Francis J. Wolf

    发明人： Karl-Heinz Besocke ,  Martin Teske ,  Josef Frohn ,  Francis J. Wolf

    IPC分类号： B25J7/00 ,  G01N27/00 ,  G01N37/00 ,  G01Q10/02 ,  G01Q10/04 ,  G01Q60/16 ,  G02B21/32 ,  G12B1/00 ,  H01J37/20 ,  H01L41/09 ,  H01L41/08

    CPC分类号： G01Q10/04 ,  B25J7/00 ,  B82Y35/00 ,  G01Q60/16 ,  H01J37/20 ,  H02N2/025 ,  H02N2/046 ,  H02N2/067

    摘要： A micromanipulator for the movement of an object relative to a treatment or analyzing position so that at least a part of the surface of the object can be treated or analyzed. The micromanipulator possesses a plurality of kinematic elements which support the object or an object holder and which, for this purpose, are equipped with a support for the object or the object holder. For the implementation of micromovements, the kinematic elements are piezo-electrically displaceable. The object is supported on at least one of the kinematic elements in such a manner that there can also be concurrently implemented micromovement and macromovements normal to the treatment or analysis plane of the object.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于物体相对于处理或分析位置移动以使物体表面的至少一部分能被处理或分析的显微操纵器。 微操纵器具有多个运动元件，其支撑物体或物体保持器，并且为此目的，配备有用于物体或物体保持器的支撑件。 为了实现微移动，运动学元件是压电可位移的。 该物体以至少一个运动学元件被支撑，使得可以同时实现与物体的处理或分析平面垂直的微运动和大运动。

    Scanning tunnel microscope capable of detecting electrons emanating from a specimen
    4.
    发明授权
    Scanning tunnel microscope capable of detecting electrons emanating from a specimen 失效
    检测电子从扫描样本中扫描的扫描隧道显微镜

    公开(公告)号：US5099117A

    公开(公告)日：1992-03-24

    申请号：US533406

    申请日：1990-06-05

    申请人： Josef Frohn ,  Harald Ibach

    发明人： Josef Frohn ,  Harald Ibach

    IPC分类号： G01B7/34 ,  G01N27/00 ,  G01Q10/00 ,  G01Q30/02 ,  G01Q30/10 ,  G01Q30/20 ,  G01Q60/10 ,  H01J3/04 ,  H01J37/244 ,  H01J37/252 ,  H01J37/28 ,  H01J49/48

    CPC分类号： G01Q30/02 ,  B82Y35/00 ,  G01Q60/16 ,  Y10S977/852 ,  Y10S977/861

    摘要： A scanning tunnel microscope having an emission tip, specimen holder and xyz movement mechanism as well as devices for applying a voltage between the emission tip and the specimen and for detecting the electrons emanating from the specimen can be used for verifying secondary electrons generated in the same surface region and/or an energy analysis of electrons emitted by the emission tip and scattered by the surface if a cylindrical mirror analyzer with assigned detector is arranged coaxially to the emission tip. With relatively high applied voltages, a cylindrically symmetrical correction electrode between the emission tip and the cylindrical mirror, arranged coaxially to the emission tip, is expedient, with which electrode the imaging properties of the analyzer open toward the specimen are made to approximate those of a conventional cylindrical mirror. A masking device allows a solid angle-oriented detection of scattered and secondary electrons. The outer cylinder of the cylindrical mirror may, at least in part, be made transmissive to photons, which are verified by a detector arranged on the outside. A channel multiplier plate with a fluorescent screen, provided opposite the emissions tip, allows detection of structural and/or emission properties of the emission tip by field ion microscopy or field electron microscopy.

    摘要翻译： 具有发射尖端，样品夹持器和xyz运动机构的扫描隧道显微镜以及用于在发射尖端和样品之间施加电压并用于检测从样品发出的电子的装置可以用于验证在其中产生的二次电子 如果具有分配检测器的圆柱形镜面分析器与发射尖端同轴地布置，则由发射尖端发射并由表面散射的电子的表面区域和/或能量分析。 在相对较高的施加电压下，发射尖端和圆柱形反射镜之间的圆柱形对称的校正电极与发射尖端同轴地布置，是有利的，分析仪朝向试样开放的成像特性与哪一个电极相接近 常规圆柱镜。 掩蔽装置允许散射和二次电子的立体角度取向检测。 至少部分地，圆柱形反射镜的外圆柱体可以被制成对光子的透射，这被布置在外部的检测器所证实。 具有与发射端相对的荧光屏的通道倍增器板允许通过场离子显微镜或场电子显微镜检测发射尖端的结构和/或发射特性。