摘要:
It is intended to provide an acetic acid production method capable of industrially advantageously separating and removing a by-product acetaldehyde in the separation step of separating a process stream into aqueous and organic phases. In the present invention, the separation step satisfies, for example, the following conditions (vi) to (viii), and at least a portion of the aqueous phase is treated in the acetaldehyde separation and removal step: (vi) acetaldehyde concentrations in the aqueous and/or organic phases are not more than 28.1 mass % and not more than 24.8 mass %, respectively; (vii) a separation temperature is not more than 70° C.; and (viii) methyl acetate concentrations in the aqueous and/or organic phases are not more than 12.0 mass % and not more than 47.6 mass %, respectively, and/or the sum of the methyl acetate concentrations in the aqueous and organic phases is not more than 59.6 mass %.
摘要:
Described herein are solid acid catalysts and the methods for catalytically preparing α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids and/or esters thereof. In one aspect, a zeolite catalyst may be used. The catalyst may, in certain embodiments, be modified to improve the selectivity and/or conversion of a reaction. For instance, a catalyst may be modified by ion exchange to achieve a desirable acidity profile in order to achieve high level of conversion of reactants and selectivity for desirable products of the catalytic reaction. In another aspect, a variety of feed stocks (e.g., starting compositions) may be used including an α-hydroxycarboxylic acid, an α-hydroxycarboxylic acid ester, a β-hydroxycarboxylic acid, a β-hydroxycarboxylic acid ester, cyclic esters thereof (e.g., lactide), and combinations thereof.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are embodiments of a method for making fuels and feedstocks from readily available alcohol starting materials. In some embodiments, the method concerns converting alcohols to carbonyl-containing compounds and then condensing such carbonyl-containing compounds together to form oligomerized species. These oligomerized species can then be reduced using by-products from the conversion of the alcohol. In some embodiments, the method further comprises converting saturated, oligomerized, carbonyl-containing compounds to aliphatic fuels.
摘要:
The present application discloses novel amino-sulfide metal catalysts for organic chemical syntheses including hydrogenation (reduction) of unsaturated compounds or dehydrogenation of substrates. The range of hydrogenation substrate compounds includes esters, lactones, oils and fats, resulting in alcohols, diols, and triols as reaction products. The catalysts of current application can be used to catalyze a hydrogenation reaction under solvent free conditions. The present catalysts also allow the hydrogenation to proceed without added base, and it can be used in place of the conventional reduction methods employing hydrides of the main-group elements. Furthermore, the catalysts of the present application can catalyze a dehydrogenation reaction under homogenous and/or acceptorless conditions. As such, the catalysts provided herein can be useful in substantially reducing cost and improving the environmental profile of manufacturing processes for a variety of chemicals.
摘要:
A catalyst includes molybdenum, palladium, and an iron oxide, for producing at least one of an aldehyde and an alcohol from a carboxylic acid via hydrogenation. The catalyst preferably contains 0.1 to 40 parts by weight of molybdenum and 1 to 50 parts by weight of palladium per 100 parts by weight of the iron oxide. The catalyst is preferably obtained by preparing a dispersion or solution containing a molybdenum component, a palladium component, and an iron component, drying the dispersion or solution to give a solid, and firing the solid.
摘要:
The present invention provides the use of a metal-doped hydroxyapatite catalyst for highly selective conversion of an alcohol to an aldehyde at low temperatures. More specifically, the invention provides the use of a silver-doped hydroxyapatite catalyst for the highly selective oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol to acetaldehyde. The present invention also provides the method for converting ethanol to acetaldehyde using a silver-doped hydroxyapatite catalyst.
摘要:
Embodiments include an alkane oxidation catalyst having a support modified with a carboxylate group. The carboxylate group is functionalized with a manganese complex selected from the group consisting of [(C6H12N3R3)Mn(OCH3)3]Z, [(C6H12N3R3)Mn2O3]Z2, [(C6H15N3)Mn4O6]Z4. Each R is independently an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbons, and each Z is independently PF6−, ClO4−, or Br−.
摘要翻译:实施方案包括具有用羧酸酯基团改性的载体的烷烃氧化催化剂。 羧酸酯基团由选自[(C 6 H 12 N 3 R 3)Mn(OCH 3)3] Z,[(C 6 H 12 N 3 R 3)Mn 2 O 3] Z 2,[(C 6 H 15 N 3)Mn 4 O 6] Z 4的锰络合物官能化。 每个R独立地为具有1至3个碳的烷基,每个Z独立地为PF 6 - ,ClO 4 - 或Br - 。
摘要:
The invention provides a process for preparing higher alcohols and/or aldehydes and also mixtures thereof by catalytic reaction of ethanol, the reaction taking place in the presence of at least one catalyst, the catalyst comprising an activated-carbon substrate which is provided with at least one metal, and more particularly has at least one metal dope.
摘要:
Disclosed is a process for the production of higher aldehydes from lower alcohols using a two-stage vapor phase heterogeneous catalyst system. Ethanol feeds afford aldehydes such as butyraldehyde and crotonaldehyde while butanol feeds yield 2-ethylhexanal and 2-ethylhexenal. Higher product selectivities are obtained when the alcohol is first dehydrogenated in the upper catalyst stage followed by aldol condensation of the resulting lower aldehyde to a higher aldehyde.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalyst for oxygenate synthesis for synthesizing an oxygenate from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the catalyst for oxygenate synthesis containing: a component (A): rhodium, a component (B): manganese, a component (C): an alkali metal, and a component (D): a component (D1), component (D2) or component (D3), wherein the component (D1) is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of titanium, vanadium and chromium, the component (D2) is an element belonging to group 13 of the periodic table, and the component (D3) is one or more substances selected from the group consisting of magnesium and lanthanoids. According to the present invention, an oxygenate can be synthesized efficiently from a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide.