摘要:
A threaded fastener having a conical seat is provided to mechanically couple a fuel injector assembly to a fuel rail assembly. By mating the conical seat with a spherical collar integral with the fuel injector assembly, an injector coupling is provided that mechanically supports loads from relatively high fuel pressure and combustion pressure while allowing the injector assembly to pivot relative to the fuel rail assembly. A biasing member is provided to pre-load the spherical collar against the mating conical seat.
摘要:
A method for equalizing fuel injector flows among a plurality of fuel injectors in an internal combustion engine including the steps of a) characterizing the electrical and/or mechanical performance of each fuel injector; b) imprinting characterization data on each fuel injector; c) reading the imprinted data into a control computer, preferably at the time of engine assembly or sub-assembly; and d) using the characterization data in an algorithm to adjust at least one electrical parameter such as hold current, peak current, and boost time for each fuel injector in an assembled engine during each fuel injection cycle.
摘要:
A fuel rail assembly includes a fuel injector socket having a cylindrical end for receiving an injector and a boxed end for orienting and positioning the injector relative to the engine cylinder. A boxed shape end cap is fitted over the boxed end of the socket thereby supporting the socket. Planar saddle members are disposed on each side of the end cap and radiused edges are fitted to the cylindrical surface of the fuel distribution tube. A jump tube communicates fuel from the fuel distribution tube to the fuel injector socket. A bracket defines a sole plate for the assembly, for attachment to an engine head, and includes a generally planar surface for locating against the planar surface of the saddle members. Components of the fuel rail assembly are first assembled loosely on a fixture, then joined together as the fuel rail assembly.
摘要:
A fuel cell having a non-uniform electrical resistivity over the flow area of the cell. Resistance is higher in areas of the cell having locally low levels of hydrogen than in areas having locally high levels of hydrogen. Excess oxygen ion migration and buildup is suppressed in regions having low hydrogen concentration and is correspondingly increased in regions having a surfeit of hydrogen. Destructive oxidation of the anode is suppressed and a greater percentage of the hydrogen passed into the cell is consumed, thereby increasing electric output.
摘要:
An electrode fluid distributor includes a fluid passageway having a plurality of segment pairs each including an inlet segment in fluid communication with an inlet and an outlet segment in fluid communication with an outlet. The fluid passageway may have a length greater than the longest dimension of the distributor. Further, a plurality of fluid passageways may be provided, wherein at least one of the fluid passageways includes at least one turn. A baffle is disposed between adjacent inlet segments and outlet segments of the fluid passageway. Each inlet segment is in fluid communication with adjacent inlet segments and adjacent outlet segments, and each outlet segment is in fluid communication with adjacent outlet segments.
摘要:
A solid oxide fuel cell stack is disclosed. The solid oxide fuel cell stack comprises an electrochemical cell having an electrolyte disposed between and in ionic communication with a first electrode and a second electrode. The solid oxide fuel cell stack also comprises at least one interconnect disposed in fluid and thermal communication with at least a portion of the electrochemical cell, the interconnect comprising an electrical supply connector.
摘要:
A method of starting a solid oxide fuel cell system is disclosed. The method comprises pressurizing a main plenum to a first pressure. The main plenum comprises a first supply of fuel, blowers, and air control valves. The first supply of fuel and a first supply of air are directed to a preheated micro-reformer. A heated pre-reformate is created in the micro-reformer and discharged from the micro-reformer to a main reformer. The main reformer is preheated with the heated pre-reformate. A second supply of fuel and a second supply of air are introduced to the main reformer. A heated main reformate is created in the main reformer and directed to a waste energy recovery assembly. A cathode supply is heated in the waste energy recovery system and then directed to a solid oxide fuel cell stack in order to heat the solid oxide fuel cell stack. Methods of transitioning, operating, shutting down, and maintaining in standby mode are also disclosed. A solid oxide fuel cell mechanization for a transportation vehicle is also disclosed.
摘要:
A remote control lever module comprises an inner shaft coaxially located inside an outer shaft. The inner and outer shafts are rotatably mounted on a support and can rotate with respect to one another. A return mechanism is engageable with the inner and outer shafts enabling forward rotation of the inner shaft to cause forward rotation of the outer shaft. The return mechanism further enables extended forward rotation of the inner shaft with respect to the outer shaft, and urges backward rotation of the inner shaft to a rearmost position. The return mechanism limits backward rotation of the inner and outer shafts beyond a nonactuating position. A force spring urges the outer shaft to the nonactuating position. Sensors produce electrical signals proportional to the angular position of the inner and outer shafts. A friction pad can be disposed between the inner shaft and support to frictionally resist rotation of the inner shaft with respect to the support.
摘要:
A method for determining an optimal combustion interval during start-up of a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer under various conditions of temperature, fuel type, and combustion fuel flow rate. An initial catalyst temperature is measured and an algorithm is used to calculate a rate of heating of the catalyst by combustion based upon heat content of the fuel, selected fuel flow rate, and heat capacity and mass of the catalyst and reformer passages. From the initial temperature and the heating gradient, an optimal combustion interval is inferred through the algorithm and used to terminate combustion, initiate a combustion quench interval, and change over the fuel flow rate and mixture from combustion to reforming.
摘要:
Apparatus and method for substantially reducing or eliminating pressure pulsations caused by the opening and closing of fuel injectors. A preferred embodiment provides a restriction orifice adjacent the inlet end of a fuel injector filter of a respective fuel injector.