Apparatus and a method for reducing red-eye in a digital image
    1.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and a method for reducing red-eye in a digital image 失效
    用于减少数字图像中红眼的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号:US6016354A

    公开(公告)日:2000-01-18

    申请号:US956380

    申请日:1997-10-23

    CPC classification number: G06K9/0061 G06T7/408 G06T2207/30216

    Abstract: A red-eye reduction system is described that includes a masking module. The masking module converts an image into a mask having first state areas representing red color pixels of the image and second state areas representing other color pixels of the image. The image includes an eye with a red pupil. A pupil locating module is coupled to the masking module to locate a substantially first state area in the mask that resembles a pupil. A color replacing module is then coupled to the pupil locating module to change the red color pixels in the area into monochrome (grey) or other predefined colors. The color replacing module also adjusts the boundary of the area by changing the colors of pixels in close proximity to the area if the color of these pixels is determined to be sufficiently close to red such that natural appearance of the eye is maintained when reducing the red pupil. A method of reducing red-eye effect in a digital image is also described.

    Abstract translation: 描述了包括掩模模块的防红眼系统。 屏蔽模块将图像转换成具有表示图像的红色像素的第一状态区域和表示图像的其他彩色像素的第二状态区域的掩模。 该图像包括具有红色瞳孔的眼睛。 瞳孔定位模块耦合到屏蔽模块以在掩模中定位类似于瞳孔的基本上第一状态区域。 然后将颜色替换模块耦合到光瞳定位模块,以将该区域中的红色像素改变为单色(灰色)或其它预定义的颜色。 如果这些像素的颜色被确定为足够接近于红色,则颜色替换模块还通过改变邻近该区域的像素的颜色来调整该区域的边界,使得当减少红色时保持眼睛的自然外观 瞳孔。 还描述了减少数字图像中的红眼效果的方法。

    Fast implementation of MPEG audio coding
    2.
    发明授权
    Fast implementation of MPEG audio coding 失效
    快速实现MPEG音频编码

    公开(公告)号:US06754618B1

    公开(公告)日:2004-06-22

    申请号:US09589612

    申请日:2000-06-07

    CPC classification number: G10L19/0212

    Abstract: A communication system is disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention to include an encoder circuit responsive to an audio signal for performing compression on the audio signal and adaptive to generate an audio output signal based upon the compressed audio signal, the encoder circuit for sampling the audio signal to generated sampled signals, each sampled signals having a real and an imaginary component associated therewith, each sampled signal having an energy and a phase defined within a current block and each sampled signal being transformed to have a real and an imaginary component, a previous block preceding the current block and a block preceding the previous block, the encoder circuit for calculating the phase of the samples of the current block using the real and the imaginary components of the samples of the previous block and the block preceding the previous block, wherein calculations for determining the unpredictability measure is reduced by avoiding trigonometric calculations of the sampled signals of the current block thereby improving system performance.

    Abstract translation: 在本发明的一个实施例中公开了一种通信系统,包括响应于音频信号的编码器电路,用于对音频信号执行压缩,并且根据压缩的音频信号自适应生成音频输出信号,编码器电路用于对 音频信号以产生采样信号,每个采样信号具有与其相关联的实部和虚部分量,每个采样信号具有在当前块内定义的能量和相位,并且每个采样信号被变换为具有实部和虚部分, 前一块在当前块之前的前一块和前一块之前的块,编码器电路,用于使用先前块的样本和先前块之前的块的实部和虚部分计算当前块的样本的相位, 其中通过避免三角学来减少用于确定不可预测性度量的计算 计算当前块的采样信号,从而提高系统性能。

    Method for selecting JPEG quantization tables for low bandwidth
applications
    3.
    发明授权
    Method for selecting JPEG quantization tables for low bandwidth applications 失效
    为低带宽应用选择JPEG量化表的方法

    公开(公告)号:US5883979A

    公开(公告)日:1999-03-16

    申请号:US935517

    申请日:1997-09-23

    Abstract: A method of compressing color source image data includes forming a quantization table with a "supra-threshold" term. This method includes a step of selecting a set of target images, where each target image includes one or more image elements such as text. These image elements are then analyzed to identify those that are more important for visual quality. These "supra-threshold" terms are then selected that gives a larger weight to the quantization table elements that correspond to important image elements and a smaller weight to the table elements that correspond to less important image elements. This process selectively weights the characteristics of each DCT basis vectors. By giving larger weights to the table elements that correspond to the "up-downness" of the image, i.e., the vertical attributes of the image elements, and the "left-rightness" of the image, i.e., the horizontal attributes of the image elements, and smaller weights to the table elements corresponding to the "criss-crossedness" of the image, i.e., the diagonal attributes of the image elements, the visual quality of an image that includes text can be preserved while significantly increasing the compression ratio.

    Abstract translation: 压缩颜色源图像数据的方法包括形成具有“超阈值”项的量化表。 该方法包括选择一组目标图像的步骤,其中每个目标图像包括一个或多个诸如文本的图像元素。 然后分析这些图像元素以识别那些对于视觉质量更重要的图像元素。 然后选择这些“超阈值”项,其给予对应于重要图像元素的量化表元素更大的权重,并且对于对应于不太重要的图像元素的表元素具有较小的权重。 该过程选择性地加权每个DCT基矢量的特征。 通过对与图像的“上下颠倒”对应的表格元素(即,图像元素的垂直属性)和图像的“左”(即,图像的水平属性)给予更大的权重 元素和较小的权重对应于图像的“十字交叉”对应的表格元素,即图像元素的对角属性,可以保留包括文本的图像的视觉质量,同时显着增加压缩比。

    Text and image sharpening of JPEG compressed images in the frequency
domain
    4.
    发明授权
    Text and image sharpening of JPEG compressed images in the frequency domain 失效
    在频域中JPEG压缩图像的文本和图像锐化

    公开(公告)号:US5850484A

    公开(公告)日:1998-12-15

    申请号:US940695

    申请日:1997-09-30

    CPC classification number: H04N19/126 H04N19/60 H04N19/124

    Abstract: The text and image enhancing technique according to the invention is integrated into the decoding or inverse quantization step that is necessarily required by the JPEG standard. The invention integrates the two by using two different quantization tables: a first quantization table (Q.sub.E) for use in quantizing the image data during the compression step and a second quantization table used during the decode or inverse quantization during the decompression process. The second quantization table Q.sub.D is related to the first quantization table according to a predetermined function of the energy in a reference image and the energy in a scanned image. The energy of the reference image lost during the scanning process, as represented by the energy in the scanned image, is restored during the decompression process by appropriately scaling the second quantization table according to the predetermined function. The difference between the two tables, in particular the ratio of the two tables, determines the amount of image enhancing that is done in the two steps. By integrating the image enhancing and inverse quantization steps the method does not require any additional computations than already required for the compression and decompression processes.

    Abstract translation: 根据本发明的文本和图像增强技术被集成到JPEG标准必然要求的解码或逆量化步骤中。 本发明通过使用两个不同的量化表来整合两者:用于在压缩步骤期间量化图像数据的第一量化表(QE)和在解压缩处理期间在解码或逆量化期间使用的第二量化表。 第二量化表QD根据参考图像中的能量的预定函数和扫描图像中的能量与第一量化表相关。 在扫描过程中由扫描图像中的能量表示的参考图像的能量在解压缩处理期间通过根据预定函数适当缩放第二量化表来恢复。 两个表之间的差异,特别是两个表的比率决定了在两个步骤中完成的图像增强量。 通过集成图像增强和逆量化步骤,该方法不需要比压缩和解压缩过程已经需要的任何额外的计算。

    Fast subband filtering in digital signal coding
    5.
    发明授权
    Fast subband filtering in digital signal coding 失效
    数字信号编码中的快速子带滤波

    公开(公告)号:US5508949A

    公开(公告)日:1996-04-16

    申请号:US174747

    申请日:1993-12-29

    CPC classification number: H04B1/665 G10L19/0212

    Abstract: A coding system for data compression and decompression of a digitized source signal, for example in accordance with the MPEG audio standard, includes an analysis filter in which an inverse discrete cosine transform operation is employed during data encoding, and a synthesis filter in which a discrete cosine transform is performed during data decoding.

    Abstract translation: 用于数字化源信号的数据压缩和解压缩的编码系统,例如根据MPEG音频标准,包括分析滤波器,其中在数据编码期间采用逆离散余弦变换操作,以及合成滤波器,其中离散 在数据解码期间进行余弦变换。

    Simplified method and apparatus for loss signal compression
    6.
    发明授权
    Simplified method and apparatus for loss signal compression 失效
    用于丢失信号压缩的简化方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US5321645A

    公开(公告)日:1994-06-14

    申请号:US92308

    申请日:1993-07-15

    CPC classification number: G06F17/17 G06T9/001

    Abstract: Although data compression methods exist in the prior art, some of which would result in an optimal number of piecewise linear approximation segments for the compressed output signal, these compression methods require complicated calculations and data processing that inhibit real time signal processing and portability in hardware implementation. A novel method for signal compression with a known level of loss by selecting a level of acceptable error is described. With this new compression method, the number of additional approximation segments to its compressed output signal is generally 50% more than the optimal number obtained in the prior art. However, its processing simplicity allows for improved real time signal processing and simplified practical hardware implementation.

    Abstract translation: 尽管在现有技术中存在数据压缩方法,但是其中的一些将导致用于压缩输出信号的分段线性近似段的最佳数量,这些压缩方法需要复杂的计算和数据处理,从而抑制硬件实现中的实时信号处理和可移植性 。 描述了通过选择可接受的误差水平的具有已知损耗水平的信号压缩的新颖方法。 利用这种新的压缩方法,其压缩输出信号的附加近似段的数量通常比现有技术中获得的最佳数量多50%。 然而,其处理简单性允许改进的实时信号处理和简化的实际硬件实现。

    Postprocessing system for removing blocking artifacts in block-based codecs
    7.
    发明授权
    Postprocessing system for removing blocking artifacts in block-based codecs 失效
    用于在基于块的编解码器中去除块伪影的后处理系统

    公开(公告)号:US06320905B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-11-20

    申请号:US09111827

    申请日:1998-07-08

    CPC classification number: H04N19/86

    Abstract: Video signal post-processor de-blocks signal by processing block edges, particularly vertical and/or horizontal neighboring pixels. Depending on boundary condition, received signal is filtered using smoothing LPF function. Low-memory post-processor system neither requires DCT block characteristics nor blurs image edges close to block boundary.

    Abstract translation: 视频信号后处理器通过处理块边缘,特别是垂直和/或水平相邻像素来解块信号。 根据边界条件,使用平滑LPF功能对接收信号进行滤波。 低内存后处理器系统既不需要DCT块特性也不会使靠近块边界的图像边缘模糊。

    System for variable quantization in JPEG for compound documents
    8.
    发明授权
    System for variable quantization in JPEG for compound documents 失效
    用于复合文档的JPEG中的可变量化系统

    公开(公告)号:US06314208B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-11-06

    申请号:US09120072

    申请日:1998-07-21

    CPC classification number: G06T9/005

    Abstract: An image compression system for compound images containing both text and pictures. The system is capable of receiving the images on a non-overlapping 8 by 8 pixel blank basis and includes a discrete cosine transformer connected to a quantizer drawing lossy quantization factors from quantization tables. The lossy quantization factors are modified by a variable quantization subsystem based on the frequency of changes in the block to provide low lossy quantization factors for high frequency of changes and high lossy quantization factors for low frequency of changes. The high frequency of changes being indicative of text and the low frequency of changes being indicative of pictures. The quantizer is connected to an entropy coder using lossless entropy encoding factors from Huffman tables to provide JPEG compliant files.

    Abstract translation: 一种包含文本和图片的复合图像的图像压缩系统。 该系统能够以8×8像素空白的不重叠的方式接收图像,并且包括连接到量化器的离散余弦变换器,其从量化表中绘制有损的量化因子。 有损的量化因子由可变量化子系统基于块的变化频率来修改,以提供用于高频率变化的低损耗量化因子和用于低频率变化的高有损耗量化因子。 变化的高频率表示文本,低频变化指示图像。 量化器使用来自霍夫曼表的无损熵编码因子连接到熵编码器,以提供符合JPEG标准的文件。

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