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公开(公告)号：US4934146A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-19
申请号：US402841
申请日：1989-09-01
申请人： Joachim Wilhelm , Ulf Jauernik , Manfred Kriebel
发明人： Joachim Wilhelm , Ulf Jauernik , Manfred Kriebel
CPC分类号： F25J3/0242 , C10G5/06 , F25J3/0209 , F25J3/0233 , F25J3/0238 , F25J2205/02 , F25J2205/04 , F25J2205/50 , F25J2220/66 , Y10S62/921 , Y10S62/922 , Y10S62/932
摘要： A natural gas, which in addition to methane contains 2 to 4 carbon atoms per molecule and H.sub.2 S, is treated to remove the H.sub.2 S and the hydrocarbons in part. The natural gas under a pressure of at least 5 bars is indirectly cooled in a heat exchange zone to temperatures from -30.degree. to 100.degree. C. The condensate is removed from the cooled natural gas and is pressure-relieved and is then passed as a coolant through the heat exchange zone. Scrubbing liquor is cooled in the heat exchange zone to temperatures from -30.degree. to -80.degree. C. and is contacted in a scrubbing zone with the natural gas from which the condensate has been removed. The laden scrubbing liquor which has been withdrawn from the scrubbing zone is passed through the heat exchange zone. The natural gas which has been purified in the scrubbing zone is pressure-relieved and is also passed through the heat exchange zone.
摘要翻译： 除了每分子含有2-4个碳原子的甲烷和H 2 S之外，天然气被处理以部分地除去H 2 S和烃。 在至少5巴的压力下将天然气在热交换区间接冷却至-30℃至100℃的温度。将冷凝物从冷却的天然气中除去，并被压力释放，然后以 冷却剂通过热交换区。 洗涤液体在热交换区域被冷却至-30℃至-80℃的温度，并在洗涤区域与已经从其中除去冷凝物的天然气接触。 从洗涤区抽出的装满洗涤液通过热交换区。 在洗涤区中净化的天然气被压力释放并且也通过热交换区。
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公开(公告)号：US4933163A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US247029
申请日：1988-09-20
申请人： Herbert Fischer , Manfred Kriebel
发明人： Herbert Fischer , Manfred Kriebel
CPC分类号： C01B17/0413 , C01B17/0417 , C01B17/508 , F23D14/22 , F23D14/32
摘要： A feed gas which contains H.sub.2 S is combusted with oxygen and air in at least one burner, which opens into a combustion chamber. The resulting gas mixture contains H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 and is intended to be converted to elementary sulfur by the Claus process. The combustion chamber is supplied with oxygen through a central tube of the burner, with the H.sub.2 S-containing feed gas through a second tube, which coaxially surrounds the central tube, and with air through a coaxial outer tube. The feed gas supplied to the burner contains H.sub.2 S and at least 5% by volume hydrocarbons or CO.sub.2. Velocities of flow of oxygen of 50 to 250 m/sec. and of the H.sub.2 S-containing feed gas of 10 to 30 m/sec. are adjusted at the outlet of the burner. Temperatures in the range from 2000.degree. to 3000.degree. C. are generated in the core zone of the burner flame. A gas mixture which contains at least 2% by volume CO and at least 8% by volume H.sub.2 and is at temperatures from 1350.degree. to 1650.degree. C. is withdrawn from the combustion chamber.
摘要翻译： 含有H 2 S的进料气体在至少一个燃烧器中与氧气和空气一起燃烧，该燃烧器通向燃烧室。 所得气体混合物含有H 2 S和SO 2，并且通过Claus方法将其转化成元素硫。 通过燃烧器的中心管将燃烧室供给氧气，含有H 2 S的进料气体通过同轴地围绕中心管的第二管和通过同轴外管的空气。 供给燃烧器的进料气体含有H 2 S和至少5体积％的烃或CO 2。 50至250米/秒的氧气流动速度。 和含有H 2 S的原料气体为10〜30m / sec。 在燃烧器出口处进行调节。 在燃烧器火焰的核心区域中产生在2000℃至3000℃范围内的温度。 含有至少2体积％CO和至少8体积％H 2并且处于1350℃至1650℃的温度的气体混合物从燃烧室中排出。
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公开(公告)号：US4318716A
公开(公告)日：1982-03-09
申请号：US170414
申请日：1980-07-21
摘要： An improvement in a process of regenerating a hydrocarbon laden water miscible high boiling organic solvent obtained by scrubbing a hydrocarbon-containing gas with said water miscible high boiling organic solvent at normal temperature and super atmospheric pressure, wherein the laden solvent is regenerated by flashing, heating and/or stripping, cooled and recycled to the scrubbing step, the improvement comprising:A. adding liquid hydrocarbons to at least a part of said regenerated solvent and thereafter extracting the resultant mixture in the presence of water whereby to obtain a hydrocarbon rich phase and an aqueous phase containing said solvent;B. separating said aqueous phase from said hydrocarbon rich phase and recycling said aqueous phase to the regeneration step; andC. withdrawing said hydrocarbon rich phase.
摘要翻译： 在常温和超大气压下通过用所述水混溶性高沸点有机溶剂洗涤含烃气体而获得的含烃载水混溶性高沸点有机溶剂的再生方法的改进，其中通过闪蒸，加热再生含负载溶剂 和/或汽提，冷却和再循环到洗涤步骤，改进包括：A.将液体烃加入到所述再生溶剂的至少一部分中，然后在水存在下萃取所得混合物，从而得到富含烃的相和 含有所述溶剂的水相; B.将所述水相与所述富碳相分离并将所述水相再循环到再生步骤; 和C.撤回所述富碳相。
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公开(公告)号：US4088735A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-09
申请号：US764316
申请日：1977-01-31
CPC分类号： C10K1/06 , B01D53/14 , B01D53/1406 , B01D53/1456 , B01D53/1487 , C10K1/16
摘要： A process for purifying gases produced by the gasification of fossil fuels by a treatment with water vapor and oxygen under superatmospheric pressure. The raw gas produced is treated to remove catalyst-deteriorating impurities such as mono- and polyunsaturated hydrocarbons, mercaptans, HCN, HCl, H.sub.2 S, CS.sub.2, COS, and NH.sub.3, and to desulfurize the gas to produce an exhaust gas which is rich in H.sub.2 S. The gas is cooled and scrubbed under superatmospheric pressures and at normal temperatures. The raw gas, at a temperature of 150.degree.-170.degree. C., is indirectly cooled to ambient temperature. The condensible hydrocarbons are then separated and removed, and the gas is then scrubbed with water to remove ammonia in a first scrubbing stage wherein the rate of water addition is controlled to be just sufficient to remove the ammonia. The gas is then scrubbed with a high-boiling organic solvent which is miscible with water and to which sulfur has been added in a second scrubbing stage in which the rate of solvent addition is controlled in dependence on the solubility of the methyl mercaptan, which is to be removed, in the solvent. The gas is scrubbed with the same solvent in a third scrubbing stage in which the water content of the solvent is kept at 5-30 mol percent H.sub.2 O in which H.sub.2 S and COS are entirely and selectively removed from the gas. Lastly, the scrubbing agents from the second and third scrubbing stages are separately regenerated and recycled to the second and the third scrubbing stages for re-use.
摘要翻译： 通过在超大气压下用水蒸汽和氧气处理来净化化石燃料气化产生的气体的方法。 处理生成的原料气体以除去催化剂恶化的杂质如单不饱和烃，硫醇，HCN，HCl，H 2 S，CS 2，COS和NH 3，并将气体脱硫以产生富H2S的废气 。 在超大气压和常温下将气体冷却和洗涤。 将原料气体在150-170℃的温度间接冷却至环境温度。 然后将可冷凝烃分离并除去，然后在第一次洗涤阶段用水洗涤气体以除去氨，其中加水速率恰好足以除去氨。 然后用高沸点有机溶剂洗涤气体，该高沸点有机溶剂与水混溶，并且在第二洗涤阶段加入了硫，其中根据甲硫醇的溶解度来控制溶剂添加速率， 在溶剂中除去。 在第三个洗涤阶段用相同的溶剂洗涤气体，其中溶剂的水含量保持在5-30mol％H 2 O，其中H 2 S和COS完全从气体中选择性地除去。 最后，来自第二和第三洗涤阶段的洗涤剂分别再生并再循环到第二和第三洗涤阶段以供再利用。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6026839A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US74764
申请日：1998-05-08
申请人： Manfred Kriebel , Alois Hobler
发明人： Manfred Kriebel , Alois Hobler
CPC分类号： F16L53/002 , F17D1/14 , Y10T137/0391 , Y10T137/6579
摘要： An apparatus and process are provided for the transport of molten sulphur in pipelines having mantle heating by means of a liquid medium heated to a temperature above the melting point of sulphur, which reduce transport costs and technology and energy expenditures. Petroleum from an associated pipeline is used as the heating medium. The sulphur pipeline (10) is laid in the area of the petroleum pipeline (1). The pipeline has at least one in-line pump station (7, 8, 9) for the increase of the transport pressure of the petroleum, and the petroleum used as the heating medium is reheated and brought to a higher pressure in one of these pump stations. The molten sulphur (23) is again brought up to a sufficient transport pressure in the at least one pump station (7, 8, 9).
摘要翻译： 提供了一种装置和方法，用于通过加热到高于硫熔点的温度的液体介质，在具有外套加热的管道中输送熔融硫，这降低了运输成本和技术和能源消耗。 来自相关管道的石油用作加热介质。 硫磺管道（10）铺设在石油管道（1）的区域。 该管道具有至少一个在线泵站（7,8,9），用于增加石油的运输压力，并且用作加热介质的石油被再加热并在这些泵之一中达到更高的压力 车站。 在至少一个泵站（7,8,9）中，再次使熔融硫（23）达到足够的输送压力。
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6.发明授权Process of regenerating a high-boiling scrubbing solution which contains CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S 失效再生含有二氧化碳和硫化氢的高沸点洗涤溶液的方法
公开(公告)号：US5085675A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-04
申请号：US518639
申请日：1990-05-03
CPC分类号： B01D53/1462
摘要： A scrubbing solution boiling above 100.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure is used for removing H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 from a gas stream at a temperature from 5.degree. to 70.degree. C. The solution is thus laden with at least CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 S. For regeneration, the laden scrubbing solution under a pressure of at least 2 bars and at a temperature of at least 60.degree. C. is supplied to an expansion zone and is expanded therein. A flashed-off gas which is rich in H.sub.2 S is withdrawn from the expansion zone. The scrubbing solution from the expansion zone is subjected to a hot regeneration, by which the scrubbing solution at a temperature below its boiling temperature is stripped with an inert gas so that its residual loading is substantially removed. Mixed gases which contain inert gas are withdrawn from the hot regeneration and are contacted with scrubbing solution.
摘要翻译： 在大气压下沸腾高于100℃的洗涤溶液用于在5℃至70℃的温度下从气流中除去H 2 S和CO 2。因此溶液至少含有二氧化碳和硫化氢。 为了再生，在至少2巴的压力和至少60℃的温度下将负载的洗涤溶液供应到膨胀区并在其中膨胀。 富含H 2 S的闪蒸气体从膨胀区中排出。 对来自膨胀区的洗涤溶液进行热再生，通过该热再生在低于沸点温度的温度下用惰性气体汽提洗涤溶液，从而基本除去其残余载量。 含有惰性气体的混合气体从热再生中排出并与洗涤溶液接触。
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公开(公告)号：US4840648A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-20
申请号：US167565
申请日：1988-03-14
申请人： Gerhard Grunewald , Manfred Kriebel
发明人： Gerhard Grunewald , Manfred Kriebel
CPC分类号： C10K1/16 , B01D53/1425 , B01D53/1475 , Y02C10/06 , Y02P20/152
摘要： Two absorbent solution streams are laden with CO.sub.2 and optionally with COS, which are physically dissolved. The COS content of the second absorbent solution stream is at least three times the COS content of the first absorbent solution stream. For regeneration, the first absorbent solution stream is pressure-relieved into a first pressure relief zone so as to reduce the pressure by at least 2 bars and to flash off a gas which contains CO.sub.2. The second absorbent solution stream is pressure-relieved at least in part into a second pressure relief zone, which contains exchange-promoting elements. The flashed-off gas from the first pressure relief zone is passed through the second pressure relief zone in a countercurrent to the second absorbent solution stream. The second pressure relief zone is preferably disposed over the first pressure relief zone and the second absorbent solution stream flows first through the second and then through the first pressure relief zone.
摘要翻译： 两个吸收剂溶液流充满二氧化碳，任选地与COS物理溶解。 第二吸收剂溶液流的COS含量是第一吸收剂溶液流的COS含量的至少三倍。 为了再生，将第一吸收剂溶液流压力释放到第一压力释放区中，以便将压力降低至少2巴，并使含有CO 2的气体闪蒸。 第二吸收剂溶液流至少部分地被压力释放到包含交换促进元件的第二压力释放区。 来自第一压力释放区的闪蒸气体以与第二吸收剂溶液流逆流的方式通过第二压力释放区。 第二压力释放区优选地设置在第一压力释放区上方，并且第二吸收剂溶液流首先流过第二压力释放区，然后通过第一压力释放区。
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8.发明授权Process of removing H.sub.2 S, CO.sub.2, COS and mercaptans from gases by absorption 失效通过吸收从气体中除去H 2 S，CO 2，COS和硫醇的方法
公开(公告)号：US4368059A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-11
申请号：US220345
申请日：1980-12-29
CPC分类号： B01D53/1493 , B01D53/526 , Y02C10/06
摘要： The process of removing H.sub.2 S, CO.sub.2, COS and mercaptans from gases by absorption in an absorbent solution, which is circulated between the absorbing zone and a regenerating zone and which contains at least one organic base dissolved in methanol, has been improved. In accordance with the invention, the absorbent solution contains one or more secondary or tertiary amines general formula R.sub.1 --NH--R.sub.2 or (R.sub.1).sub.2 --N--CH.sub.2 --N--(R.sub.2).sub.2, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 means CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.3 or CH.sub.3 --CH--CH.sub.3 in a total amount of at least 0.5 to 5.0 moles per liter, and the amine has or the amines have a boiling point between 40.degree. and 110.degree. C. at 1 bar. This improvement permits a selective removal of H.sub.2 S from CO.sub.2 -containing gases.
摘要翻译： 已经改进了在吸收区和再生区之间循环并且含有至少一个溶解在甲醇中的有机碱的吸收剂溶液中通过吸收从气体中除去H 2 S，CO 2，COS和硫醇的方法。 根据本发明，吸收剂溶液含有一种或多种通式为R1-NH-R2或（R1）2-N-CH2-N-（R2）2的仲胺或叔胺，其中R1和R2表示CH2-或 - CH 2 -CH 3或CH 3 -CH-CH 3，其总量为至少0.5-5.0摩尔/升，胺具有或胺在1巴下具有40-110℃的沸点。 这种改进允许从含CO 2的气体中选择性地除去H 2 S。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4532116A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-30
申请号：US549347
申请日：1983-11-04
CPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/1493
摘要： The gas which contains sulfur compounds consisting of H.sub.2 S and/or COS is scrubbed with an absorbent solution which contains at least one amine. The gas to be desulfurized which enters the scrubbing zone is at a temperature in the range of 25.degree. to 100.degree. C. and rises in the scrubbing zone in a countercurrent to the scrubbing solution. The gas leaving the absorbent solution is indirectly cooled to a temperature which is at least 20.degree. C. below the entrance temperature of the gas and is not below 5.degree. C. The indirect cooling results in a condensate, which contains at least one secondary amine. That condensate is passed through the scrubbing zone as an absorbent solution. The condensate leaving the scrubbing zone contains at least 10 moles secondary amine and preferably at least 100 moles secondary amine per mole H.sub.2 S and COS in the gas to be desulfurized. The gas to be desulfurized suitably contains secondary amine used in the absorbent solution as well as an organic solvent, such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
摘要翻译： 含有由H 2 S和/或COS组成的硫化合物的气体用含有至少一种胺的吸收剂溶液洗涤。 进入洗涤区的要脱硫的气体的温度在25℃至100℃的范围内，并且与洗涤溶液相反地在洗涤区中升高。 离开吸收剂溶液的气体被间接冷却至比气体入口温度低至少20℃的温度，不低于5℃。间接冷却导致冷凝物含有至少一个仲胺 。 该冷凝物作为吸收剂溶液通过洗涤区。 离开洗涤区的冷凝物含有至少10摩尔仲胺，优选至少100摩尔仲胺，每摩尔H2S和待脱硫气体中的COS。 要脱硫的气体适当地含有用于吸收剂溶液中的仲胺以及有机溶剂，例如甲醇，乙醇或异丙醇。
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公开(公告)号：US4515604A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-07
申请号：US488472
申请日：1983-04-25
CPC分类号： F25J3/0271 , C01B3/50 , C10J3/16 , C10J3/20 , C10J3/78 , C10K1/165 , C10K1/32 , C10K3/00 , F25J3/0223 , F25J3/0233 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0485 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/1665 , C10J2300/1846 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892 , F25J2200/70 , F25J2205/04 , F25J2270/04 , Y02C10/12
摘要： In a process of producing a synthesis gas which has a low inert gas content and is intended for the synthesis of alcohols, particularly of methanol, and of hydrocarbons, and which is produced from coal or heavy hydrocarbons, by a gasification under pressure with oxygen and steam, whereafter the raw gas is cooled, the impurities are removed by a scrubbing with methanol, and the methanol is removed by means of molecular sieves from the cold pure gas. The pure gas is then cooled further and partly liquefied, the remaining gas is further cooled by a pressure relief and methane is distilled from the liquid part with simultaneous recovery of the synthesis gas, which consists of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and has a low methane content. All or part of the methane is compressed and is subsequently reacted with steam and oxygen to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The produced gas is admixed to the synthesis gas or to the partly purified raw gas.
摘要翻译： 在制造具有低惰性气体含量并用于合成醇，特别是甲醇和烃的合成气的合成气的过程中，由煤或重质烃生产的合成气通过在氧气下进行气化， 蒸汽，然后将原料气体冷却，通过用甲醇洗涤除去杂质，并通过来自冷纯气体的分子筛除去甲醇。 然后将纯气体进一步冷却并部分液化，剩余气体通过压力释放进一步冷却，并从液体部分蒸馏出甲烷，同时回收由氢气和一氧化碳组成的合成气，并且甲烷含量低 。 全部或部分甲烷被压缩，随后与蒸汽和氧气反应以产生一氧化碳和氢气。 将生成的气体与合成气或部分纯化的原料气体混合。
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