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1.发明授权Geometrically and electrically balanaced dc SQUID system having a pair of intersecting slits 失效具有一对相交狭缝的几何和电平衡直流SQUID系统
公开(公告)号：US5319307A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US962229
申请日：1993-01-26
申请人： Michael B. Simmonds
发明人： Michael B. Simmonds
IPC分类号： G01R33/035 , H01L39/22
CPC分类号： G01R33/0358 , Y10S505/702 , Y10S505/828 , Y10S505/832 , Y10S505/845 , Y10S505/846
摘要： A thin film dc SQUID and its driving electronic circuitry configured with very high symmetry, having a SQUID loop formed with four holes (24, 24, 26, 27) at the respective ends of crossed slits (22, 23). Each of these holes forms a single turn secondary coil for symmetrically arranged pairs of modulation coils and signal coils. The geometrical placement of the modulation coils with respect to the signal coils results in a device which nominally has no mutual inductance between the two groups of coils when the SQUID is biased for normal operation. The external driving circuit (75-85) is configured to preserve the highly balanced nature of the SQUID and forces an equal magnitude of current to flow in all four of the bias leads.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US91 / 04275第 371日期：1993年1月26日 102（e）日期1993年1月26日PCT提交1991年6月14日PCT公布。 出版物WO92 / 04638 日期：1992年3月19日。薄膜直流SQUID及其驱动电子电路构造成具有非常高的对称性，其具有SQUID回路，该SQUID回路在交叉狭缝（22,26）的相应端部处形成有四个孔（24,24,26,27） 23）。 这些孔中的每一个形成用于对称布置的调制线圈和信号线圈对的单匝次级线圈。 调制线圈相对于信号线圈的几何布置导致当SQUID被偏置用于正常操作时，在两组线圈之间名义上不具有互感的装置。 外部驱动电路（75-85）被配置为保持SQUID的高度平衡的性质并且迫使相等大小的电流在所有四个偏置引线中流动。
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2.发明授权Low vibration cryocooled system for low temperature microscopy and spectroscopy applications 有权低振动低温冷却系统用于低温显微镜和光谱应用公开(公告)号：US08746008B1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-10
申请号：US12749501
申请日：2010-03-29
CPC分类号： B23P15/26 , B23K9/16 , C22F1/08 , F25B1/10 , F25B9/00 , F25B9/002 , F25B19/00 , F25D23/00 , F28F21/085 , G01C1/10 , G02B21/28 , Y10T29/49826
摘要： A vertical support rigidly mounted to a planar base positions and supports a cryocooler expander unit off axis and away from a sample to be examined. The sample support is likewise rigidly mounted to the planar base with a rigidly mounted sample housing therein. The cryocooler expander unit is suspended in the vertical support by spring dampening bearings. A pair of opposing flexible vacuum bellows connects the cryocooler expander unit to the sample housing and vertical support. This configuration isolates the sample from vibration. Flexible thermal links associated with an predictive electronic closed loop control sequence maintains sample temperature.
摘要翻译： 刚性地安装到平面基座的垂直支撑件位置并且将低温冷却器膨胀器单元离轴并且远离被检查样品支撑。 样品支撑件同样刚性地安装到平面底座上，其中刚性安装的样品壳体。 低温冷却器膨胀机通过弹簧减振轴承悬挂在垂直支承中。 一对相对的柔性真空波纹管将低温冷却器扩展器单元连接到样品壳体和垂直支撑。 该配置将样品与振动隔离。 与预测电子闭环控制序列相关联的灵活热链路保持样品温度。
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公开(公告)号：US08134434B2
公开(公告)日：2012-03-13
申请号：US12168733
申请日：2008-07-07
摘要： A magnet system for generating a magnetic field may include a superconducting magnet, a switch, and a heater element thermally coupled to the switch. The superconducting magnet is structured to generate magnetic fields, and the switch includes a non-inductive superconducting current carrying path connected in parallel to the superconducting magnet. In general, the switch is structured to only carry a level of current that is a portion of the current required to obtain a full field by the superconducting magnet.
摘要翻译： 用于产生磁场的磁体系统可以包括超导磁体，开关和热耦合到开关的加热器元件。 超导磁体被构造成产生磁场，并且开关包括与超导磁体并联连接的非感应超导电流承载路径。 通常，开关被构造为仅承载电流水平，其是由超导磁体获得全场所需的电流的一部分。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06518747B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-11
申请号：US09785403
申请日：2001-02-16
IPC分类号： G01N2774
CPC分类号： G01N27/745 , G01R33/1215
摘要： Apparatus for detection and measurement of agglutinations of magnetic particles employing Hall sensors. A low frequency AC signal is employed to excite or bias the Hall sensors which reside in a DC magnetic field. The particles are moved into operative relationship with the Hall sensors in order to generate a signal representing the number of particles on the substrate. The method for such detection and measurement is also part of the invention.
摘要翻译： 用于使用霍尔传感器检测和测量磁性颗粒的凝集物的装置。 使用低频AC信号来激励或偏置驻留在DC磁场中的霍尔传感器。 颗粒被移动到与霍尔传感器的操作关系，以产生表示基板上的颗粒数量的信号。 这种检测和测量的方法也是本发明的一部分。
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5.发明授权Method and apparatus for using stochastic excitation and a superconducting quantum interference device (SAUID) to perform wideband frequency response measurements 失效使用随机激励的方法和装置以及超导量子干涉装置（SQUID）进行宽带频率响应测量
公开(公告)号：US5343147A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US941527
申请日：1992-09-08
IPC分类号： G01R33/035 , G01R33/36 , G01R33/46 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01R33/326 , G01R33/0358 , G01R33/4616 , Y10S505/846
摘要： A stochastic excitation, SQUID detection system for determining the frequency response of a sample. A pair of counterwound detection coils are adjacent to an excitation coil. The sample is selectively placed in one of the detection coils for taking measurements. The SQUID sensor is a broadband, high sensitivity device which enables the frequency response of the sample to be determined over a wide bandwidth with a single measurement.
摘要翻译： 随机激励，SQUID检测系统，用于确定样本的频率响应。 一对副绕线检测线圈与励磁线圈相邻。 将样品选择性地放置在一个检测线圈中用于进行测量。 SQUID传感器是一种宽带高灵敏度器件，可通过单次测量在宽带宽上确定样品的频率响应。
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公开(公告)号：US5053834A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-01
申请号：US576600
申请日：1990-08-31
申请人： Michael B. Simmonds
发明人： Michael B. Simmonds
IPC分类号： G01R33/035 , H01L39/22
CPC分类号： G01R33/0358 , Y10S505/702 , Y10S505/828 , Y10S505/832 , Y10S505/845 , Y10S505/846
摘要： A thin film dc SQUID and its driving electronic circuitry configured with very high symmetry. The SQUID loop is formed with four holes at the respective ends of crossed slits. Each of these holes forms a single turn secondary for symmetrically arranged pairs of modulation coils and signal coils. The geometrical placement of the modulation coil transformers with respect to the signal coil transformers results in a device which nominally has no mutual inductance between the two groups of coils when the SQUID is biased for normal operation. The external driving circuit is configured to preserve the highly balanced nature of the chip and forces equal magnitudes of current to flow in all four of the bias leads.
摘要翻译： 薄膜直流SQUID及其驱动电子电路配置有非常高的对称性。 SQUID环在交叉狭缝的相应端部形成有四个孔。 这些孔中的每一个形成对称配置的调制线圈和信号线圈对的单匝次级。 调制线圈变压器相对于信号线圈变压器的几何放置导致当SQUID被偏置用于正常操作时，在两组线圈之间名义上不具有互感的装置。 外部驱动电路被配置为保持芯片的高度平衡的性质并且迫使所有四个偏置引线中的相等电流流量流动。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4848093A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-18
申请号：US244947
申请日：1988-09-15
CPC分类号： F17C6/00 , F17C13/026 , F17C2203/0621 , F17C2205/037 , F17C2221/017 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2223/035 , F17C2250/0439 , F17C2250/0631 , F17C2250/0636 , F17C2260/02
摘要： An apparatus and method for regulating the temperature in a cryogenic test chamber. Liquid helium is drawn into a test chamber located in a cryogenic vessel through a capillary tube which is spaced apart from the test chamber. The capillary tube is thermally insulated from the liquid helium. In a high temperature mode, a heater element heats the capillary tube to a temperature just high enough to boil the liquid helium as the helium is drawn through the capillary tube into the test chamber, thereby insuring that only gaseous helium enters the test chamber and preventing any tendency of the temperature in the test chamber to oscillate when the test chamber is warmed to temperature only slightly higher than the temperature of the liquid helium. In a low temperature mode the heater element heats the capillary tube sufficiently to substantially prevent any helium from flowing into the test chamber, thereby facilitating cooling of the test chamber to temperature below the temperature of the liquid helium by evacuating the test chamber until the liquid therein boils at the desired temperature.
摘要翻译： 一种用于调节低温试验箱内温度的装置和方法。 液氦通过与测试室间隔开的毛细管被吸入位于低温容器中的测试室中。 毛细管与液氦热绝缘。 在高温模式中，加热器元件将毛细管加热到足够高的温度，以便当氦气通过毛细管抽入测试室时，使氦气沸腾，从而确保只有气态氦气进入测试室并防止 当测试室被加热到仅略高于液氦温度的温度时，测试室中的温度的任何趋势都会振荡。 在低温模式下，加热器元件充分加热毛细管，以基本上防止任何氦气流入测试室，从而通过抽空试验室将试验室冷却至低于液氦温度的温度，直到其中的液体 在所需温度下沸腾。
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公开(公告)号：US4389612A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-21
申请号：US160225
申请日：1980-06-17
IPC分类号： G01R19/00 , G01R33/035 , G01R33/02
CPC分类号： G01R33/0356 , Y10S505/846
摘要： A circuit for reducing low frequency noise in a direct current biased superconducting quantum interference device. A squarewave bias signal having no dc component is used to bias the two junctions of the dc SQUID. At the same time, the magnetic flux in the SQUID is modulated to heterodyne the input signals up to some convenient frequency where they may be amplified without concern for drift. Final demodulation automatically adjusts for the fact that the relative phase is reversed each time the squarewave bias changes polarity states.
摘要翻译： 用于降低直流偏置超导量子干涉装置中的低频噪声的电路。 没有直流分量的方波偏置信号用于偏置直流SQUID的两个结。 同时，SQUID中的磁通量被调制成外差输入信号直到一些方便的频率，在这些频率下它们可以被放大而不用担心漂移。 每次方波偏置改变极性状态时，最终解调都会自动调整相位相位相反的事实。
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9.发明授权Method for obtaining improved temperature regulation when using liquid helium cooling 失效使用液氦冷却时获得改善温度调节的方法
公开(公告)号：US4791788A
公开(公告)日：1988-12-20
申请号：US87465
申请日：1987-08-24
CPC分类号： F17C6/00 , F17C13/026 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2227/0341 , F17C2250/0626
摘要： A method for controlling the flow of a cooling medium such as helium into an insulated chamber surrounding a region to establish a stable thermal environment in the region over a wide range of cryogenic temperatures. A thermally insulated capsule surrounds a variable temperature capillary to precondition the helium before it flows into the insulated chamber. The capillary can be operated in different modes, depending upon the heating or lack of heating of the capillary. At low temperatures the capillary can pass the helium in its liquid phase, at high temperatures only a small amount of gaseous helium is passed, and at certain intermediate temperatures there is an ample flow of gaseous helium only.
摘要翻译： 用于控制诸如氦的冷却介质的流动到围绕区域的绝热室中以在宽范围的低温温度下在该区域中建立稳定的热环境的方法。 绝热胶囊围绕可变温度的毛细管，以在氦流入隔热室之前对其进行预调节。 毛细管可以以不同的模式操作，这取决于毛细管的加热或不加热。 在低温下，毛细管可以在其液相中通过氦气，在高温下只有少量的气态氦气通过，而在某些中间温度下，只有大量的气态氦气。
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公开(公告)号：US4386361A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-31
申请号：US191176
申请日：1980-09-26
申请人： Michael B. Simmonds
发明人： Michael B. Simmonds
CPC分类号： H01L39/22 , Y10S505/874
摘要： A thin film SQUID device in which one or two thin film Josephson junctions are positioned at the hub of a wheel-shaped conductive structure including an outer closed loop rim and a plurality of radial arms or spokes formed on a substrate. A first group of alternate arms connects to one side of the junctions and a second group of intermediate arms connects to the other side of the junctions, the two groups of arms being insulated from each other at the hub. An overlying conductive pattern forms a coil in which the conductive turns of the coil include portions extending parallel to each of the arms to provide inductive coupling to currents circulating through loops formed by the groups of radial arms and rim.
摘要翻译： 一种薄膜SQUID器件，其中一个或两个薄膜约瑟夫逊结位于轮形导电结构的轮毂处，该轮毂形导电结构包括形成在基底上的外闭环边缘和多个径向臂或辐条。 第一组交替臂连接到接头的一侧，第二组中间臂连接到接头的另一侧，两组臂在轮毂处彼此绝缘。 上覆的导电图案形成线圈，其中线圈的导电匝包括平行于每个臂延伸的部分，以提供与由径向臂和边缘组形成的环路循环的电流的电感耦合。
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