Abstract:
An aqueous dispersion of a polymerized (e.g., oxidized) oil, preferably an oxidized vegetable oil, suitable for reducing dusting in industrial processes, prepared by using, as the primary dispersing (emulsification) agent, a sulfated or sulfonated oil (also preferably a sulfated or sulfonated vegetable oil) to disperse the polymerized oil.
Abstract:
A grating light valve with reduced surface charging is disclosed. Surface charging is measured by the propensity an insulating surface to accept and transport a charge. The grating light valve of the instant invention has a plurality of spaced and movable ribbons formed from Si3N4 coupled to a substrate structure formed of SiO2. A portion of the ribbons are moved to alternate between conditions for constructive and destructive interference with an incident light source having a wavelength &lgr; by applying the appropriate switching voltages across the portion of ribbons and the substrate structure. When charging occurs on surfaces of the grating light valve, the switching voltages required to operate the grating light valve are shifted and diminishing the performance of the grating light valve. By drying silicon-based surfaces of the grating light valve and exposing the silicon-based surfaces of the grating light valve to a Nitrogen-rich pacify gas environment, the surfaces of the grating light valve exhibit reduced charging and consistent response to applied bias voltages. In the drying step, residual water or moisture is removed from the surfaces by elevating the temperature of the grating light valve structure in a vacuum environment. Preferably, the drying is carried at temperatures of 250 degrees Celsius or greater and at vacuum pressures of 10−6 Torr or less. After the surface of the grating light valve are dried, the surfaces are exposed to the Nitrogen-rich pacifying gas environment at ambient temperature. Presumably, the Nitrogen-rich pacify gas environment blankets the silicon-based surfaces of the grating light valve with adsorbed, physisorbed, or chemi-adsorbed Nitrogen and thus reduces the propensity of those surfaces to accept water or moisture, which is believed to facilitate the charging. After the surfaces of the grating light valve are treated according to the current invention, charging of the surface remains low and stable even for several days in open air conditions.
Abstract:
A system for selectively providing access to a consumable. The system includes an enclosure having a hollow interior for holding the consumable. A door mounted in an opening in the enclosure provides access to the interior of the enclosure at a time when the door is in a substantially open position and prevents access to the interior of the enclosure at a time when the door is in a substantially closed position. The system includes a locking mechanism for releasably locking the door in the substantially closed position and a complimentary relieving key for selectively releasing the locking mechanism.
Abstract:
An integrated circuit is provided which includes one or more device elements formed above a base substrate, a structure forming a sealed cavity above at least a portion of the one or more device elements, and one or more conductive devices formed above the sealed cavity. A method for fabrication of such an integrated circuit is also provided. An exemplary embodiment of the integrated circuit includes a surface acoustic wave device having a plurality of tracks each with a first interdigitated transducer configured to convert a receiving electric field energy into mechanical wave energy and a second interdigitated transducer configured to convert the mechanical wave energy into an output electric field energy. The SAW device also includes a conductor arranged above and spanning across at least two tracks of the plurality of tracks and coupled to the first interdigitated transducers of at least the two tracks.
Abstract:
A method of treating silicon-based surfaces for reducing charge migration is disclosed. In accordance with the method, a silicon-based surface is treated with Nitrogen-rich pacifying gas environment, after the surface is actuated. The surface is actuated in a drying step, wherein residual water or moisture is removed from the surfaces at an elevated temperature and a reduced pressure. The method of the instant invention is particularly useful for the treatment of ribbon surfaces in grating light valve device, wherein after the ribbon surfaces are treated according to the current invention, surface charging remains low for several days, even in open air conditions.