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公开(公告)号：US20140302261A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-09
申请号：US14201781
申请日：2014-03-07
CPC分类号： B32B3/06 , B25J9/0015 , B64C1/06 , B64C3/48 , B64C2003/445 , E04C1/00
摘要： Flexural digital materials are discrete parts that can be assembled into a lattice structure to produce an actuatable structure capable of coordinated reversible spatially-distributed deformation. The structure comprises a set of discrete flexural digital material units assembled according to a lattice geometry, with a majority of the discrete units being connected, or adapted to be connected, to at least two other units according to the geometry. In response to certain types of loading of the structure, a coordinated reversible spatially-distributed deformation of at least part of the structure occurs. The deformation of the structure is due to the shape or material composition of the discrete units, the configuration of connections between the units, and/or the configuration of the lattice geometry. Exemplary types of such actuatable structures include airplane wing sections and robotic leg structures. An automated process may be employed for constructing an actuatable structure from flexural digital materials.
摘要翻译： 弯曲数字材料是可以组装成格子结构以产生能够协调可逆空间分布变形的致动结构的分立部件。 该结构包括一组离散的弯曲数字材料单元，其根据格子几何形状组装，大部分分立单元根据几何形状连接或适于连接至至少两个其它单元。 响应于结构的某些类型的负载，发生至少部分结构的协调的可逆空间分布变形。 结构的变形是由于离散单元的形状或材料组成，单元之间的连接的构造和/或格子几何形状。 这种可致动结构的示例性类型包括飞机机翼部分和机器人腿部结构。 可以采用自动化方法来从弯曲数字材料构造可致动结构。
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2.发明授权Method and apparatus for electromagnetic non-contact position measurement with respect to one or more axes 失效用于相对于一个或多个轴进行电磁非接触位置测量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5247261A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-21
申请号：US773848
申请日：1991-10-09
申请人： Neil A. Gershenfeld
发明人： Neil A. Gershenfeld
CPC分类号： G06F3/038 , G01B7/004 , G06F3/0346 , G06F3/044 , G06K9/224 , G10H1/00 , G10H2220/365
摘要： A preferred embodiment of the invention is an apparatus for measuring the position of a point with respect to at least one axis. The apparatus includes a reference electrode located at the reference point and at least one axial electrode fixed along the at least one axis. The axial electrode has a signal transmission property, such as resistivity, as measured between a first end and a point along the axis, which signal transmission property varies with the location of the point of measurement. The axial electrode is coupled to the reference electrode, typically capacitively. The apparatus also includes means for applying an electric signal to the reference electrode; means for measuring an output electric signal at the first end of the at least one axial electrode; and means for evaluating the relation between the output electric signal and the input electric signal to determine the position of the reference point relative to the axis. The invention also includes method of using the apparatus to determine the location of the reference point to the axis. The invention includes embodiments of one and more axes.
摘要翻译： 本发明的优选实施例是一种用于测量点相对于至少一个轴的位置的装置。 该装置包括位于参考点处的参考电极和沿着至少一个轴线固定的至少一个轴向电极。 轴向电极具有在沿着轴线的第一端和点之间测量的诸如电阻率的信号传输性质，该信号传输特性随着测量点的位置而变化。 轴向电极通常电容地耦合到参考电极。 该装置还包括用于向参考电极施加电信号的装置; 用于测量所述至少一个轴向电极的第一端处的输出电信号的装置; 以及用于评估输出电信号和输入电信号之间的关系以确定参考点相对于轴的位置的装置。 本发明还包括使用该装置来确定参考点到轴的位置的方法。 本发明包括一个或多个轴的实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US09525330B2
公开(公告)日：2016-12-20
申请号：US14218797
申请日：2014-03-18
申请人： Ara Knaian , Neil A. Gershenfeld , Maxim Lobovsky
发明人： Ara Knaian , Neil A. Gershenfeld , Maxim Lobovsky
摘要： An electropermanent linear actuator has a stator, forcer, drive circuitry, and feedback control mechanism. The stator includes at least one electropermanent magnet with a coil that passes current pulses that change the magnetization of the magnet, which change persists after current is removed. The forcer moves with respect to the stator in response to the persistent changes in magnetization. Drive circuitry controls the position or speed of the actuator by controlling the timing, magnitude, and/or shape of the current pulses. The voltage and duration of pulses are of sufficient magnitude to cause the magnetization change to persist after cessation of current, with voltage and current returning substantially to zero between pulses. The feedback control mechanism determines, based on actuator velocity or position, when the next current pulse should be issued, pulse issuance being timed so that the actuator will continue to move throughout the absence of applied current between pulses.
摘要翻译： 电永久线性致动器具有定子，推进器，驱动电路和反馈控制机构。 定子包括至少一个具有线圈的电永磁体，该线圈通过改变磁体的磁化的电流脉冲，该电流在电流被去除之后持续。 响应于磁化的持续变化，锻炼者相对于定子移动。 驱动电路通过控制电流脉冲的时序，幅度和/或形状来控制致动器的位置或速度。 脉冲的电压和持续时间足够大，导致电流停止后磁化变化持续，电压和电流在脉冲之间基本恢复到零。 反馈控制机构基于执行器速度或位置确定当下一个当前脉冲应该被发出时，脉冲发出被定时，使得致动器将在脉冲之间没有施加电流的情况下继续移动。
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公开(公告)号：US20160164394A1
公开(公告)日：2016-06-09
申请号：US14218797
申请日：2014-03-18
申请人： Ara Knaian , Neil A. Gershenfeld , Maxim Lobovsky
发明人： Ara Knaian , Neil A. Gershenfeld , Maxim Lobovsky
IPC分类号： H02K41/03
摘要： An electropermanent linear actuator has a stator, forcer, drive circuitry, and feedback control mechanism. The stator includes at least one electropermanent magnet with a coil that passes current pulses that change the magnetization of the magnet, which change persists after current is removed. The forcer moves with respect to the stator in response to the persistent changes in magnetization. Drive circuitry controls the position or speed of the actuator by controlling the timing, magnitude, and/or shape of the current pulses. The voltage and duration of pulses are of sufficient magnitude to cause the magnetization change to persist after cessation of current, with voltage and current returning substantially to zero between pulses. The feedback control mechanism determines, based on actuator velocity or position, when the next current pulse should be issued, pulse issuance being timed so that the actuator will continue to move throughout the absence of applied current between pulses.
摘要翻译： 电永久线性致动器具有定子，推进器，驱动电路和反馈控制机构。 定子包括至少一个具有线圈的电永磁体，该线圈通过改变磁体的磁化的电流脉冲，该电流在电流被去除之后持续。 响应于磁化的持续变化，锻炼者相对于定子移动。 驱动电路通过控制电流脉冲的时序，幅度和/或形状来控制致动器的位置或速度。 脉冲的电压和持续时间足够大，导致电流停止后磁化变化持续，电压和电流在脉冲之间基本恢复到零。 反馈控制机构基于执行器速度或位置确定当下一个当前脉冲应该被发出时，脉冲发出被定时，使得致动器将在脉冲之间没有施加电流的情况下继续移动。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08041037B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-18
申请号：US11242132
申请日：2005-10-04
IPC分类号： H04L9/00
CPC分类号： H04L9/3271 , H04L9/3242 , H04L2209/80
摘要： A cryptographic method and systems using a keyed one-way function. A sending device uses the keyed one-way function to authenticate one or more receiving devices prerequisite to communication. A multidimensional hypercube is generated, from which is formed a multidimensional vector by randomly selecting one corner of the multidimensional hypercube. The keyed one-way function is computed using the multidimensional vector.
摘要翻译： 使用密钥单向函数的加密方法和系统。 发送设备使用密钥单向功能来认证一个或多个接收设备的通信先决条件。 生成多维超立方体，通过随机选择多维超立方体的一个角形成多维向量。 使用多维向量计算键控单向函数。
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6.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20160002611A1
公开(公告)日：2016-01-07
申请号：US14735132
申请日：2015-06-09
CPC分类号： C12N9/1029 , C12M47/06 , C12M47/10 , C12P21/02 , C12Y203/01
摘要： A trans-disciplinary system for cell-free biosynthesis includes a cell-free transcription-translation (TX-TL) tool and modular, generalizable microfluidic architectures. Both components of the system are independently functional and are combinable into a cell-free biosynthesis platform. In the first component, modular plasmid libraries are used to program bacterial cell-free TX-TL systems. Each plasmid holds one gene or operon, and all the genes are controlled by the same promoter, so that the stoichiometry of enzyme synthesis is determined by the stoichiometry of plasmids in the reaction. In the second part, in order to facilitate high throughput mixing and matching of gene units from the modular plasmid libraries, a modular, reconfigurable, flexible, and scalable microfluidic architecture is employed. The microfluidic modules share common form factors and port/valve locations, so that a small set of module types, with multiple instances of each type interconnected in different geometries, allows simple reconfiguration to achieve different modes of operation.
摘要翻译： 用于无细胞生物合成的跨学科系统包括无细胞转录转译（TX-TL）工具和模块化，可推广的微流体结构。 系统的两个组分都是独立的功能，可组合成无细胞的生物合成平台。 在第一个组分中，使用模块化质粒文库来编程细菌无细胞的TX-TL系统。 每个质粒含有一个基因或操纵子，所有基因都由相同的启动子控制，因此酶合成的化学计量通过反应中质粒的化学计量来确定。 在第二部分中，为了促进来自模块化质粒文库的基因单元的高通量混合和匹配，采用了模块化的，可重构的，灵活的和可扩展的微流体结构。 微流体模块具有共同的形状因子和端口/阀位置，使得具有不同几何形状互连的每种类型的多个实例的一小组模块类型允许简单的重新配置以实现不同的操作模式。
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公开(公告)号：US20140300211A1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-09
申请号：US14199698
申请日：2014-03-06
IPC分类号： H02K41/03
CPC分类号： H02K41/03 , H02K2201/18 , Y10T29/49009
摘要： Discrete motion systems move relative to a lattice, using bistable mechanisms to snap between lattice locations. A discrete motion system includes a lattice having a regular configuration of attachment points, one or more motion modules that move across the lattice in discrete increments, and controllers that direct the modules. A module includes a body, actuators, and feet having mechanisms for attaching and detaching the module from the lattice. The module may include actuated joints that cause movement of arm structures to engage and disengage the feet from the lattice. The module may be a digital inchworm, and may be a relative assembler having at least one assembler arm. A method for discrete extensible construction includes creating a lattice having a regular configuration of attachment points, causing a discrete motion relative assembler to systematically move across the lattice in discrete increments, and causing placement of materials by the assembler arm.
摘要翻译： 离散运动系统相对于格子移动，使用双稳态机制来捕捉格点位置之间。 离散运动系统包括具有连接点的规则构造的格子，以离散增量移动跨格的一个或多个运动模块以及引导模块的控制器。 模块包括具有用于将模块附接和离开格栅的机构的主体，致动器和脚。 模块可以包括致动的接头，其引起臂结构的移动以使脚与格格接合和脱离。 该模块可以是数字式蚯蚓，并且可以是具有至少一个汇编臂的相关汇编器。 一种用于离散可延展构造的方法包括创建具有规则构造的连接点的格子，使离散的运动相对汇编器以离散的增量系统地跨越格子移动，并且引起组装臂布置材料。
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公开(公告)号：US09809001B2
公开(公告)日：2017-11-07
申请号：US14201781
申请日：2014-03-07
CPC分类号： B32B3/06 , B25J9/0015 , B64C1/06 , B64C3/48 , B64C2003/445 , E04C1/00
摘要： Flexural digital materials are discrete parts that can be assembled into a lattice structure to produce an actuatable structure capable of coordinated reversible spatially-distributed deformation. The structure comprises a set of discrete flexural digital material units assembled according to a lattice geometry, with a majority of the discrete units being connected, or adapted to be connected, to at least two other units according to the geometry. In response to certain types of loading of the structure, a coordinated reversible spatially-distributed deformation of at least part of the structure occurs. The deformation of the structure is due to the shape or material composition of the discrete units, the configuration of connections between the units, and/or the configuration of the lattice geometry. Exemplary types of such actuatable structures include airplane wing sections and robotic leg structures. An automated process may be employed for constructing an actuatable structure from flexural digital materials.
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公开(公告)号：US20140145522A1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-29
申请号：US13972876
申请日：2013-08-21
IPC分类号： H01F1/00
CPC分类号： H01F1/00 , B29C64/00 , F16B1/00 , F16B3/00 , Y10T29/4902
摘要： Electromagnetic digital materials are made up of a set of voxels, some of which are made from electromagnetically active materials. Each voxel is adapted to be assembled into a structure according to a regular physical geometry and an electromagnetic geometry, and a majority of the voxels in the set are reversibly connectable to other voxels. Voxels in the set may differ in material composition or property from other voxels in the set. Voxels may be arranged into multi-voxel parts that are assembled into the structure according to a regular physical geometry and the electromagnetic geometry. Electromagnetic structures may be made from the electromagnetic digital material, and may be fabricated by an automated process that includes assembling a set of voxels by reversibly connecting the voxels to each other according to a regular physical geometry and an electromagnetic geometry and assembling the reversibly connected voxels into the electromagnetic structure.
摘要翻译： 电磁数字材料由一组体素组成，其中一些体素由电磁活性材料制成。 每个体素适于根据规则的物理几何形状和电磁几何形状组装成结构，并且组中的大多数体素可逆地连接到其他体素。 该组中的体素可能与组中的其他体素的材料组成或性质不同。 体素可以被布置成根据常规物理几何形状和电磁几何形状组装到结构中的多体素部分。 电磁结构可以由电磁数字材料制成，并且可以通过自动化工艺来制造，该过程包括通过根据规则的物理几何形状和电磁几何可逆地连接体素而组合一组体素，并组装可逆连接的体素 进入电磁结构。
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