公开(公告)号：US07446534B2

公开(公告)日：2008-11-04

申请号：US11643152

申请日：2006-12-20

申请人： Richard S. Withers

发明人： Richard S. Withers

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/422 ,  G01R33/34007 ,  G01R33/34023 ,  G01R33/34069 ,  G01R33/34092

摘要： RF electric fields produced by electric potential differences in the NMR probe coil windings may penetrate the NMR sample and sample tube causing sensitivity loss and increased noise in NMR spectroscopy. Electrically conducting strips in close proximity to the windings of the NMR probe coil and oriented at right angles to direction of the coil winding they cross provide an alternative path for these electric fields while causing negligible effect upon the RF magnetic field, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the NMR probe.

摘要翻译： 通过NMR探针线圈绕组中的电位差产生的RF电场可能渗透NMR样品和样品管，导致NMR光谱中的灵敏度损失和噪声增加。 靠近NMR探针线圈的绕组并且与它们交叉的线圈绕组的方向成直角定向的导电条提供了用于这些电场的替代路径，同时对RF磁场造成可忽略的影响，由此增加了 NMR探针。

公开(公告)号：US06958244B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-25

申请号：US10122153

申请日：2002-04-12

申请人： Volker Dötsch ,  Richard S. Withers

发明人： Volker Dötsch ,  Richard S. Withers

IPC分类号： G01R33/46 ,  G01R33/465 ,  G01N24/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/46 ,  G01R33/465 ,  Y10T436/10 ,  Y10T436/108331 ,  Y10T436/24

摘要： An NMR buffer is particularly useful for biomolecules that require a certain amount of salt in the buffer solution. A primary buffer component and a titrating component are selected based on low ion mobility. These selections allow for a lower conductivity buffer without reducing the salt content. As such, a higher sensitivity experiment results.

摘要翻译： NMR缓冲液特别适用于在缓冲溶液中需要一定量盐的生物分子。 基于低离子迁移率选择初级缓冲剂组分和滴定组分。 这些选择允许较低的电导率缓冲液，而不会降低盐含量。 因此，更高的灵敏度实验结果。

公开(公告)号：US5585723A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-17

申请号：US409506

申请日：1995-03-23

申请人： Richard S. Withers

发明人： Richard S. Withers

IPC分类号： G01R33/34 ,  G01R33/36 ,  H01G4/40 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/34053 ,  G01R33/34 ,  G01R33/3628 ,  H01G4/40 ,  G01R33/34007 ,  G01R33/34023 ,  G01R33/34092 ,  Y10T29/49004

摘要： The invention provides highly sensitive NMR probes for spectroscopy and microscopy. Thin-film superconducting coils on planar substrates are inductively coupled to form an RF transmitter/receiver. Two embodiments are illustrated. The first, which is particularly suited to liquid samples, uses two coils are positioned on opposite sides of a sample, with their long axis parallel to the axis of the sample. The coils are sized and positioned to maximize SNR, field homogeneity or field strength. In the second embodiment, circular coils are deposited on a substrate having a central aperture. Several coils in a solenoidal configuration are positioned orthogonal to and surrounding the sample.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供用于光谱和显微镜的高灵敏度NMR探针。 平面基板上的薄膜超导线圈感应耦合以形成RF发射器/接收器。 示出了两个实施例。 特别适用于液体样品的第一个使用两个线圈位于样品的相对侧上，其长轴平行于样品的轴线。 线圈的尺寸和位置可以最大化SNR，场均匀性或场强。 在第二实施例中，圆形线圈沉积在具有中心孔的基板上。 螺线管结构中的多个线圈定位成与样品正交并围绕样品。

公开(公告)号：US5455594A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-03

申请号：US288659

申请日：1994-08-10

申请人： Raymond R. Blasing ,  Edwin F. Johnson ,  Douglas G. Lockie ,  Cliff Mohwinkel ,  Barry Whalen ,  Richard S. Withers

发明人： Raymond R. Blasing ,  Edwin F. Johnson ,  Douglas G. Lockie ,  Cliff Mohwinkel ,  Barry Whalen ,  Richard S. Withers

IPC分类号： H01Q1/36 ,  H01Q1/40 ,  H01Q15/00 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q15/24

CPC分类号： H01Q1/40 ,  H01Q1/364 ,  H01Q15/0013

摘要： An array antenna includes a means of thermally isolating the feed network from the space illuminated by the antenna. Filtering layers are incorporated into the structure between the feed and the radiating patches. These filtering layers are transparent to radiation in the frequency range of operation of the antenna, primarily microwaves and millimeter waves, but reflect much shorter wavelengths such as infrared and visible light. This rejection of short wavelengths results in reduced heating of the feed network and so to a reduced heat load on a cooling system. One preferred embodiment employs the radiation shield to advantage by incorporating superconductive elements in the antenna. These elements can be cooled efficiently enough to be practical due to the rejection of heat by the incorporated filtering layers.

摘要翻译： 阵列天线包括将馈电网与由天线照射的空间热隔离的装置。 过滤层结合在进料和散热片之间的结构中。 这些滤波层对于天线的操作频率范围（主要是微波和毫米波）而言对于辐射是透明的，但是反射了更短的波长，例如红外和可见光。 这种短波长的抑制导致进料网络的加热减少，从而降低冷却系统上的热负荷。 一个优选实施例通过在天线中引入超导元件来利用辐射屏蔽。 这些元件由于被内置的过滤层的排斥而能够被有效地冷却到实用。

公开(公告)号：US4499441A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-12

申请号：US434431

申请日：1982-10-14

申请人： John T. Lynch ,  Alfredo C. Anderson ,  Richard S. Withers ,  Peter V. Wright

发明人： John T. Lynch ,  Alfredo C. Anderson ,  Richard S. Withers ,  Peter V. Wright

IPC分类号： H01P1/203 ,  H01P5/18 ,  H01P9/00

CPC分类号： H01P1/203 ,  Y10S505/866

摘要： A superconducting transversal filter circuit for processing signals in the 2-20 GHz range consisting of a miniature transmission line of niobium or similar material, a series of taps for coupling the input and output, and cryogenic refrigerator.

摘要翻译： 一种用于处理2-20 GHz范围内的信号的超导横向滤波器电路，包括铌或类似材料的微型传输线，一系列用于耦合输入和输出的抽头以及低温冰箱。

公开(公告)号：US20080150536A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

申请号：US11643152

申请日：2006-12-20

申请人： Richard S. Withers

发明人： Richard S. Withers

IPC分类号： G01R33/36

CPC分类号： G01R33/422 ,  G01R33/34007 ,  G01R33/34023 ,  G01R33/34069 ,  G01R33/34092

摘要： RF electric fields produced by electric potential differences in the NMR probe coil windings may penetrate the NMR sample and sample tube causing sensitivity loss and increased noise in NMR spectroscopy. Electrically conducting strips in close proximity to the windings of the NMR probe coil and oriented at right angles to direction of the coil winding they cross provide an alternative path for these electric fields while causing negligible effect upon the RF magnetic field, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the NMR probe.

摘要翻译： 通过NMR探针线圈绕组中的电位差产生的RF电场可能渗透NMR样品和样品管，导致NMR光谱中的灵敏度损失和噪声增加。 靠近NMR探针线圈的绕组并且与它们交叉的线圈绕组的方向成直角定向的导电条提供了用于这些电场的替代路径，同时对RF磁场造成可忽略的影响，从而增加了 NMR探针。

公开(公告)号：US06842004B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-11

申请号：US10424687

申请日：2003-04-28

申请人： Richard S. Withers ,  Robert E. Nast

发明人： Richard S. Withers ,  Robert E. Nast

IPC分类号： G01R33/32 ,  G01R33/34 ,  H01F5/00 ,  H01F6/00 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/341 ,  G01R33/34007 ,  G01R33/34023 ,  G01R33/34061 ,  G01R33/34092

摘要： Improved superconducting coils for a nuclear magnetic resonance probe use capacitive elements that are located in regions further from an active sample volume than magnetic field generating elements to which they are electrically connected. The sample volume is a substantially oblong shape, and the magnetic field generating elements run substantially parallel to the major axis of the shape, while the capacitor elements run perpendicular to the major axis. Gaps between the capacitor elements, and the width of the elements themselves, may increase toward the outside of the coil to minimize electrical discharge. The variation may be according to a monotonic, possibly linear, function. Discharge may also be minimized by using a dielectric cover that, together with a coil substrate, encloses the coil.

摘要翻译： 用于核磁共振探针的改进的超导线圈使用位于比活动样品体积更远的区域的电容元件，而不是与它们电连接的磁场产生元件。 样品体积是基本上长方形的，并且磁场产生元件基本上平行于形状的长轴延伸，而电容器元件垂直于长轴延伸。 电容器元件之间的间隙和元件本身的宽度可能朝向线圈的外部增加以最小化放电。 该变化可以是根据单调的，可能是线性的。 也可以通过使用与线圈基板一起包围线圈的电介质盖来最小化放电。

公开(公告)号：US06556013B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-29

申请号：US09803199

申请日：2001-03-09

申请人： Richard S. Withers

发明人： Richard S. Withers

IPC分类号： G01V300

CPC分类号： G01R33/341 ,  G01R33/34007 ,  G01R33/34023 ,  G01R33/34061 ,  G01R33/34092

摘要： Improved superconducting coils for a nuclear magnetic resonance probe use capacitive elements that are located in regions further from an active sample volume than magnetic field generating elements to which they are electrically connected. The sample volume is a substantially oblong shape, and the magnetic field generating elements run substantially parallel to the major axis of the shape, while the capacitor elements run perpendicular to the major axis. The magnetic field generating elements and the capacitor elements may vary in length relative to their distance from a center of the oblong shape. The total number of capacitors formed by the loops may vary from one embodiment to another, typically depending on the necessary resonant frequency. A coil may use sub-coils, each of which incorporates a plurality of the magnetic field generating elements and interdigital capacitor elements, the capacitor elements preferably being located to both sides of the oblong shape.

摘要翻译： 用于核磁共振探针的改进的超导线圈使用位于比活动样品体积更远的区域的电容元件，而不是与它们电连接的磁场产生元件。 样品体积是基本上长方形的，并且磁场产生元件基本上平行于形状的长轴延伸，同时电容器元件垂直于长轴延伸。 磁场产生元件和电容器元件的长度可相对于距离长方形中心的距离而变化。 由环路形成的电容器的总数可以从一个实施例变化到另一个实施例，通常取决于所需的谐振频率。 线圈可以使用子线圈，每个子线圈包括多个磁场产生元件和叉指电容器元件，电容器元件优选地位于长方形的两侧。

公开(公告)号：US20130002251A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-03

申请号：US13170610

申请日：2011-06-28

申请人： Richard S. Withers

发明人： Richard S. Withers

IPC分类号： G01R33/44

CPC分类号： G01R33/34023

摘要： A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe comprises a superconducting material formed in a spiral having a plurality of fingerlets separated by a plurality of slits, and a normal-metal overlayer formed on the spiral over the plurality of fingerlets and the plurality of slits.

摘要翻译： 核磁共振（NMR）探针包括形成为具有由多个狭缝分开的多个指状物的螺旋形的超导材料，以及形成在多个指状物上的螺旋上的正常金属覆盖层和多个狭缝。

公开(公告)号：US07701217B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

申请号：US12187691

申请日：2008-08-07

申请人： Richard S. Withers ,  Robert E. Nast ,  Weston A. Anderson

发明人： Richard S. Withers ,  Robert E. Nast ,  Weston A. Anderson

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/34053 ,  G01R33/34007 ,  G01R33/34023 ,  G01R33/34069 ,  G01R33/34092 ,  G01R33/3628

摘要： RF electric fields produced by electric potential differences in NMR probe coil windings may penetrate the NMR sample and sample tube causing sensitivity loss and noise in NMR spectroscopy. Counter-wound spiral coils placed on the opposite surfaces of a planar substrate or on two adjacent planar substrates produce electric potentials that minimize the electric field over the sample region, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the NMR probe. Alternatively counter-wound spiral coils placed adjacent to each other on the outer surface of two concentric cylindrical surfaces that surround the NMR sample minimize the electric field over the sample region. The electric potential of the spiral coils is reduced by adjusting a length of at least one coil.

摘要翻译： 通过NMR探针线圈绕组中的电位差产生的RF电场可能渗透NMR样品和样品管，导致NMR光谱中的灵敏度损失和噪声。 放置在平面基板或两个相邻平面基板的相对表面上的反卷绕螺旋线圈产生使得样品区域上的电场最小化的电势，从而增加NMR探针的灵敏度。 或者在围绕NMR样品的两个同心圆柱形表面的外表面上彼此相邻放置的反卷绕螺旋线圈使得样品区域上的电场最小化。 通过调节至少一个线圈的长度来减小螺旋线圈的电位。